# Dictionary

Topic: Strengthen
Definition:
STRENGTHEN, v.t.
1. To make strong or stronger; to add strength to, either physical, legal or moral; as, to strengthen a limb; to strengthen an obligation.
2. To confirm; to establish; as, to strengthen authority.
3. To animate; to encourage; to fix in resolution.
Charge Joshua, and encourage him, and strengthen him. Deuteronomy 3.
4. To cause to increase in power or security.
Let noble warwick, Cobham and the rest, with powerful policy strengthen themselves.
STRENGTHEN, v.i. To grow strong or stronger.
The disease that shall destroy at length, grows with his growth, and strengthens with his strength.
Grows with his growth, and strengthens with his strength.


Topic: Strengthener
Definition:
STRENGTHENER, n. 
1. That which increases strength, physical or moral.
2. In medicine, something which, taken into the system, increases the action and energy of the vital powers.


Topic: Strenuous
Definition:
STRENUOUS, a. [L.]
1. Eagerly pressing or urgent; zealous; ardent; as a strenuous advocate for national rights; a strenuous opposer of African slavery.
2. Bold and active; valiant, intrepid and ardent; as a strenuous defender of his country.


Topic: Strenuousness
Definition:
STRENUOUSNESS, n. Eagerness; earnestness; active zeal; ardor in pursuit of an object, or in opposition to a measure.


Topic: Stress
Definition:
STRESS, n. 
1. Force; urgency; pressure; importance; that which bears with most weight; as the stress of a legal question. Consider how much stress is laid on the exercise of charity in the New Testament.
This, on which the great stress of the business depends--
2. Force or violence; as stress of weather.
3. Force; violence; strain.
Though the faculties of the mind are improved by exercise, yet they must not be put to a stress beyond their strength.
STRESS, v.t. To press; to urge; to distress; to put to difficulties. [Little used.]


Topic: Stretch
Definition:
STRETCH, v.t. [L.]
1. To draw out to greater length; to extend in a line; as, to stretch a cord or a rope.
2. To extend in breadth; as, to stretch cloth.
3. To spread; to expand; as, to stretch the wings.
4. To reach; to extend.
Stretch thine hand to the poor.
5. To spread; to display; as, to stretch forth the heavens.
6. To draw or pull out in length; to strain; as, to stretch a tendon or muscle.
7. To make tense; to strain.
So the stretchd cord the shackled dancer tries.
8. To extend mentally; as, to stretch the mind or thoughts.
9. To exaggerate; to extend too far; as, to stretch the truth; to stretch ones credit.
STRETCH, v.i.
1. To be extended; to be drawn out in length or in breadth, or both. A wet hempen cord or cloth contracts; in drying, it stretches.
2. To be extended; to spread; as, a lake stretches over a hundred miles of earth. Lake Erie stretches from Niagara nearly to Huron. Hence, 
3. To stretch to, is to reach.
4. To be extended or to bear extension without breaking, as elastic substances.
The inner membrane--because it would stretch and yield, remained unbroken.
5. To sally beyond the truth; to exaggerate. A man who is apt to stretch, has less credit than others.
6. In navigation, to sail; to direct a course. It is often understood to signify to sail under a great spread of canvas close hauled. In this it differs from stand, which implies no press of sail. We were standing to the east, when we saw a ship stretching to the southward.
7. To make violent efforts in running.
STRETCH, n. 
1. Extension in length or in breadth; reach; as a great stretch of wings.
2. Effort; struggle; strain.
Those put lawful authority upon the stretch to the abuse of power, under color of prerogative.
3. Force of body; straining.
By stretch of arms the distant shore to gain.
4. Utmost extent of meaning.
Quotations, in their utmost stretch, can signify no more than that Luther lay under severe agonies of mind.
5. Utmost reach of power.
This is the utmost stretch that nature can.
6. In sailing, a tack; the reach or extent of progress on one tack.
7. Course; direction; as the stretch of seams of coal.


Topic: Stretcher
Definition:
STRETCHER, n.
1. He or that which stretches.
2. A term in bricklaying.
3. A piece of timber in building.
4. A narrow piece of plank placed across a boat for the rowers to set their feet against.


Topic: Strew
Definition:
STREW, v.t. [This verb is written straw, strew, or strow; straw is nearly obsolete, and strow is obsolescent. Strew is generally used.]
1. To scatter; to spread by scattering; always applied to dry substances separable into parts or particles; as, to strew seed in beds; to strew sand on or over a floor; to strew flowers over a grave.
2. To spread by being scattered over.
The snow which does the top of Pindus strew.
Is thine alone the seed that strews the plain?
3. To scatter loosely.
And strewd his mangled limbs about the field.


Topic: Strewed
Definition:
STREWED, pp. 
1. Scattered; spread by scattering; as sand strewed on paper.
2. Covered or sprinkled with something scattered; as a floor strewed with sand.


Topic: Strewing
Definition:
STREWING, ppr. Scattering; spreading over.
STREWING, n. 
1. The act of scattering or spreading over.
2. Any thing fit to be strewed.


Topic: Striae
Definition:
STRIAE, n. plu. [L. See Streak.] In natural history, small channels in the shells of cockles and in other substances.


Topic: Striated
Definition:
STRIATE, STRIATED, a. 
1. Formed with small channels; channeled.
2. In botany, streaked; marked or scored with superficial or very slender lines; marked with fine parallel lines.
Striated fracture, in mineralogy, consists of long narrow separable parts laid on or beside each other.


Topic: Stricken
Definition:
STRICKEN, pp. of strike. 
1. Struck; smitten; as the stricken deer. [See Strike.]
2. Advanced; worn; far gone.
Abraham was old and well stricken in age. Genesis 24. 


Topic: Strickle
Definition:
STRICKLE, n. [from strike.] 
1. A strike; an instrument to strike grain to a level with the measure. [In the United States the word strike is used.]
2. An instrument for whetting sythes.


Topic: Strict
Definition:
STRICT, a. [L. See Strain.]
1. Strained; drawn close; tight; as a strict embrace; a strict ligature.
2. Tense; not relaxed; as a strict or lax fiber.
3. Exact; accurate; rigorously nice; as, to keep strict watch. Observe the strictest rules of virtue and decorum.
4. Severe; rigorous; governed or governing by exact rules; observing exact rules; as, the father is very strict in observing the sabbath. The master is very strict with his apprentices.
5. Rigorous; not mild or indulgent; as strict laws.
6. Confined; limited; not with latitude; as, to understand words in a strict sense.


Topic: Strictly
Definition:
STRICTLY, adv.
1. Closely; tightly.
2. Exactly; with nice accuracy; as, patriotism strictly so called , is a noble virtue.
3. Positively. He commanded his son strictly to proceed no further.
4. Rigorously; severely; without remission or indulgence.
Examine thyself strictly whether thou didst not best at first.


Topic: Strictness
Definition:
STRICTNESS, n. 
1. Closeness; tightness; opposed to laxity.
2. Exactness in the observance of rules, laws, rites and the like; rigorous accuracy; nice regularity or precision.
I could not grant too much or distrust too little to men that pretended singular piety and religious strictness.
3. Rigor; severity.
These commissioners proceeded with such strictness and severity as did much obscure the kings mercy.


Topic: Stricture
Definition:
STRICTURE, n. [L. See Strike and Stroke.]
1. A stroke; a glance; a touch.
2. A touch of criticism; critical remark; censure.
I have given myself the liberty of these strictures by way of reflection, on every passage.
3. A drawing; a spasmodic or other morbid contraction of any passage of the body.


Topic: Stride
Definition:
STRIDE, n. [L.] A long step. 
Her voice theatrically loud, and masculine her stride.
STRIDE, v.i. pret. strid, strode; pp. strid, stridden.
1. To walk with long steps.
Mars in the middle of the shining shield is gravd, and strides along the field.
2. To straddle.
STRIDE, v.t. To pass over at a step.
See him stride valleys wide.


Topic: Strife
Definition:
STRIFE, n. [See Strive.]
1. Exertion or contention for superiority; contest of emulation, either by intellectual or physical efforts. Strife may be carried on between students or between mechanics.
Thus Gods contended, noble strife, who most should ease the wants of life.
2. Contention in anger or enmity; contest; struggle for victory; quarrel or war.
I and my people were at great strife with the children of Ammon. Judges 12.
These vows thus granted, raisd a strife above betwixt the god of war and queen of love.
3. Opposition; contrariety; contrast.
Artificial strife lives in these touches livelier than life.
4. The agitation produced by different qualities; as the strife of acid and alkali. [Little used.]


Topic: Strifeful
Definition:
STRIFEFUL, a. Contentious; discordant.
The ape was strifeful and ambitious and the fox guileful and most covetous.


Topic: Strike
Definition:
STRIKE, v.t. pret. struck; pp. struck and stricken; but struck is in the most common use. Strook is wholly obsolete. [G., to pass, move or ramble, to depart, to touch, to stroke, to glide or glance over, to lower or strike, as sails, to curry; L., to sweep together, to spread, as a plaster, to play on a violin, to card, as wool, to strike or whip, as with a rod; a stroke, stripe or lash.]
1. To touch or hit with some force, either with the hand or an instrument; to give a blow to, either with the open hand, the fist, a stick, club or whip, or with a pointed instrument, or with a ball or an arrow discharged. An arrow struck the shield; a ball strikes a ship between wind and water.
He at Philippi kept his sword een like a dancer, while I struck the lean and wrinkled Cassius.
2. To dash; to throw with a quick motion.
They shall take of the blood, and strike it on the two side-posts. Exodus 12. 
3. To stamp; to impress; to coin; as, to strike coin at the mint; to strike dollars or sovereigns; also, to print; as, to strike five hundred copies of a book.
4. To thrust in; to cause to enter or penetrate; as, a tree strikes its root deep.
5. To punish; to afflict; as smite is also used.
To punish the just is not good, nor to strike princes for equity. Proverbs 17.
6. To cause to sound; to notify by sound; as, the clock strikes twelve; the drums strike up a march.
7. To run upon; to be stranded. The ship struck at twelve, and remained fast.
8. To pass with a quick or strong effect; to dart; to penetrate.
Now and then a beam of wit or passion strikes through the obscurity of the poem.
9. To lower a flag or colors in token of respect, or to signify a surrender of the ship to an enemy.
10. To break forth; as, to strike into reputation. [Not in use.]
To strike in, to enter suddenly; also, to recede from the surface, as an eruption; to disappear.
To strike in with, to conform to; to suit itself to; to join with at once.
To strike out, to wander; to make a sudden excursion; as, to strike out into an irregular course of life.
To strike, among workmen in manufactories, in England, is to quit work I a body or by combination, in order to compel their employers to raise their wages.
STRIKE, n. 
1. An instrument with a straight edge for leveling a measure of grain, salt and the like, for scraping off what is above the level of the top.
2. A bushel; four pecks. [Local.]
3. A measure of four bushels or half a quarter. [Local.]
Strike of flax, a handful that may be hackled at once. [Local.]


Topic: Strike-block
Definition:
STRIKE-BLOCK, n. [strike and block.] A plane shorter than a jointer, used for shooting a short joint.


Topic: Striker
Definition:
STRIKER, n. 
1. One that strikes, or that which strikes.
2. In Scripture, a quarrelsome man. Titus 1.


Topic: Striking
Definition:
STRIKING, ppr. 
1. Hitting with a blow; impressing; imprinting; punishing; lowering, as sails or a mast, &c.
2. a. Affecting with strong emotions; surprising; forcible; impressive; as a striking representation or image.
3. Strong; exact; adapted to make impression; as a striking resemblance of features.


Topic: String
Definition:
STRING, n. [G., L., drawing, stretching.]
1. A small rope, line or cord, or a slender strip of lether or other like substance, used for fastening or tying things.
2. A ribin.
Round Ormonds knee thou tyst the mystic string.
3. A thread on which any thing is filed; and hence, a line of things; as a string of shells or beads.
4. The chord of a musical instrument, as of a harpsichord, harp or violin; as an instrument of ten strings.
5. A fiber, as of a plant.
Duck weed putteth forth a little string into the water, from the bottom.
6. A nerve or tendon of an animal body.
The string of his tongue was loosed. Mark 7.
[This is not a technical word.]
7. The line or cord of a bow.
He twangs the quivring string.
8. A series of things connected or following in succession; any concatenation of things; as a string of arguments; a string of propositions.
9. In ship-building, the highest range of planks in a ships ceiling, or that between the gunwale and the upper edge of the upper deck ports.
10. The tough substance that unites the two parts of the pericarp of leguminous plants; as the strings of beans.
To have two strings to the bow, to have two expedients for executing a project or gaining a purpose; to have a double advantage, or to have two views. [In the latter sense, unusual.]
STRING, v.t. pret. and pp. strung. 
1. To furnish with strings.
Has not wise nature strung the legs and feet?
2. To put in tune a stringed instrument.
For here the muse so oft her harp has strung--
3. To file; to put on a line; as, to string beads or pearls.
4. To make tense; to strengthen.
Toil strung the nerves, and purified the blood.
5. To deprive of strings; as, to string beans.


Topic: Stringed
Definition:
STRINGED, a. 
1. Having strings; as a stringed instrument.
2. Produced by strings; as stringed noise.


Topic: Stringhalt
Definition:
STRINGHALT, n. [string and halt.] A sudden twitching of the hinder leg of a horse, or an involuntary or convulsive motion of the muscles that extend or bend the hough. [This word in some of the United States, is corrupted into springhalt.]


Topic: Stringing
Definition:
STRINGING, ppr. Furnishing with strings; putting in tune; filling; making tense; depriving of strings.


Topic: Stringy
Definition:
STRINGY, a. 
1. Consisting of strings or small threads; fibrous; filamentous; as a stringy root.
2. Ropy; viscid; gluey; that may be drawn into a thread.


Topic: Strip
Definition:
STRIP, v.t. [G., to strip, to flay, to stripe or streak, to graze upon, to swerve, ramble or stroll. L.]
1. To pull or tear off, as a covering; as, to strip the skin from a beast; to strip the bark from a tree; to strip the clothes from a mans back.
2. To deprive of a covering; to skin; to peel; as, to strip a beast of his skin; to strip a tree of its bark; to strip a man of his clothes.
3. To deprive; to bereave; to make destitute; as, to strip a man of his possessions.
4. To divest; as, to strip one of his rights and privileges. Let us strip this subject of all its adventitious glare.
5. To rob; to plunder; as, robbers strip a house.
6. To bereave; to deprive; to impoverish; as a man stripped of his fortune.
7. To deprive; to make bare by cutting, grazing or other means; as cattle strip the ground of its herbage.
8. To pull off husks; to husk; as, to strip maiz, or the ears of maiz.
9. To press out the last milk at a milking.
10. To unrig; as, to strip a ship.
11. To pare off the surface of land in strips, and turn over the strips upon the adjoining surface.
To strip off, 
1. To pull or take off; as, to strip off a covering; to strip off a mask or disguise.
2. To cast off. [Not in use.]
3. To separate from something connected. [Not in use.] 
[We may observe the primary sense of this word is to peel or skin, hence to pull off in a long narrow piece; hence stripe.]
STRIP, n. [G., a stripe, a streak.]
1. A narrow piece, comparatively long; as a strip of cloth.
2. Waste, in a legal sense; destruction of fences, buildings, timber, &c. 


Topic: Stripe
Definition:
STRIPE, n. [See Strip. It is probable that this word is taken from stripping.]
1. A line or long narrow division of any thing, of a different color from the ground as a stripe of red on a green ground; hence, any linear variation of color.
2. A strip or long narrow piece attached to something of a different color; as a long stripe sewed upon a garment.
3. The weal or long narrow mark discolored by a lash or rod.
4. A stroke made with a lash, whip, rod, strap or scourge.
Forty stripes may he give him, and not exceed. Deuteronomy 25.
[A blow with a club is not a stripe.]
5. Affliction; punishment; sufferings.
By his stripes are we healed. Isaiah 53.
STRIPE, v.t. 
1. To make stripes; to form with lines of different colors; to variegate with stripes. 
2. To stripe; to lash. [Little used.]


Topic: Stripling
Definition:
STRIPLING, n. [from strip, stripe; primarily a tall slender youth, one that shoots up suddenly.] A youth in the state of adolescence, or just passing from boyhood to manhood; a lad.
And the king said, inquire thou whose son the stripling is. 1 Samuel 18.


Topic: Stripped
Definition:
STRIPPED, pp. Pulled or torn off; peeled; skinned; deprived; divested; made naked; impoverished; husked, as maiz.


Topic: Strive
Definition:
STRIVE, v.i. pret. strove; pp. striven. [G. This word coincides in elements with drive, and the primary sense is nearly the same. See Rival.]
1. To make efforts; to use exertions; to endeavor with earnestness; to labor hard; applicable to exertions of body or mind. A workman strives to perform his task before another; a student strives to excel his fellows in improvement.
Was it for this that his ambition strove to equal Cesar first, and after Jove?
Strive with me in your prayers to God for me. Romans 15.
Strive to enter in at the strait gate. Luke 8.
2. To contend; to contest; to struggle in opposition to another; to be in contention or dispute; followed by against or with before the person or thing opposed; as, strive against temptation; strive for the truth.
My spirit shall not always strive with man. Genesis 6.
3. To oppose by contrariety of qualities.
Now private pity strove with public hate, reason with rage, and eloquence with fate.
4. To vie; to be comparable to; to emulate; to contend in excellence.
Not that sweet grove of Daphne by Orontes, and the inspird Castalian spring, might with this paradise of Eden strive.


Topic: Striving
Definition:
STRIVING, ppr. Making efforts; exerting the power of body or mind with earnestness; contending.
STRIVING, n. The act of making efforts; contest; contention.


Topic: Strobil
Definition:
STROBIL, n. [L.] In botany, a pericarp formed from an ament by the hardening of the scales. IT is made up of scales that are imbricate, from an ament contracted or squeezed together in this states of maturity, as the cone of the pine.


Topic: Strokesman
Definition:
STROKESMAN, n. In rowing, the man who rows the aftmost oar, and whose stroke is to be followed by the rest.


Topic: Stroll
Definition:
STROLL, v.i. [formed probably on troll, roll.] To rove; to wander on foot; to ramble idly or leisurely.
These mothers stroll to beg sustenance for their helpless infants.
STROLL, n. A wandering on foot; a walking idly and leisurely.


Topic: Strong
Definition:
STRONG, a. [G., L. The sense of the radical word is to stretch, strain, draw, and probably from the root of stretch and reach.]
1. Having physical active power, or great physical power; having the power of exerting great bodily force; vigorous. A patient is recovering from sickness, but is not yet strong enough to walk. A strong man will lift twice his own weight.
That our oxen may be strong to labor. Psalm 144.
Orses the strong to greater strength must yield.
2. Having physical passive power; having ability to bear or endure; firm; solid; as a constitution strong enough to bear the fatigues of a campaign.
3. Well fortified; able to sustain attacks; not easily subdued or taken; as a strong fortress or town.
4. Having great military or naval force; powerful; as a strong army or fleet; a strong nation; a nation strong at sea.
5. Having great wealth, means or resources; as a strong house or company of merchants.
6. Moving with rapidity; violent; forcible; impetuous; as a strong current of water or wind; the wind was strong from the northeast; we had a strong tide against us.
7. Hale; sound; robust; as a strong constitution.
8. Powerful; forcible; cogent; adapted to make a deep or effectual impression on the mind or imagination; as a strong argument; strong reasons; strong evidence; a strong example or instance. He used strong language.
9. Ardent; eager; zealous; earnestly engaged; as a strong partisan; a strong whig or tory.
Her mother, ever strong against that match--
10. Having virtues of great efficacy; or having a particular quality in a great degree; as a strong powder or tincture; a strong decoction; strong tea; strong coffee.
11. Full of spirit; intoxicating; as strong liquors.
12. Affecting the sight forcibly; as strong colors.
13. Affecting the taste forcibly; as the strong flavor of onions.
14. Affecting the smell powerfully; as a strong scent.
15. Not of easy digestion; solid; as strong meat. Hebrews 5.
16. Well established; firm; not easily overthrown or altered; as a custom grown strong by time.
17. Violent; vehement; earnest.
Who in the day of his flesh, when he offered up prayers with strong crying and tears-- Hebrews 5.
18. Able; furnished with abilities.
I was stronger in prophecy than in criticism.
19. Having great force of mind, of intellect or of any faculty; as a man of strong powers of mind; a man of a strong mind or intellect; a man of strong memory, judgment or imagination.
20. Having great force; comprising much in few words.
Like her sweet voice is thy harmonious song, as high, as sweet, as easy and as strong.
21. Bright; glaring; vivid; as a strong light.
22. Powerful to the extent of force named; as an army ten thousand strong.


Topic: Strong-hand
Definition:
STRONG-HAND, n. [strong and hand.] Violence; force; power.
It was their meaning to take what they needed by strong-hand. [Not properly a compound word.]


Topic: Strongly
Definition:
STRONGLY, adv. 
1. With strength; with great force or power; forcibly; a word of extensive application.
2. Firmly; in a manner to resist attack; as a town strongly fortified.
3. Vehemently; forcibly; eagerly. The evils of this measure were strongly represented to the government.


Topic: Strontian
Definition:
STRONTIAN, n. [from Strontian, in Argyleshire, where it was first found.] An earth which, when pure and dry, is perfectly white, and resembles baryte in many of its properties. It is a compound of oxygen and a base to which is given the name strontium, in the proportion of 16 per cent. of the former, to 84 per cent. of the latter.


Topic: Strontianite
Definition:
STRONTIANITE, n. Carbonate of strontian, a mineral that occurs massive, fibrous, stellated, and crystalized in the form of a hexahedral prism, modified on the edges, or terminated by a pyramid.
Prismatic baryte, a species of heavy spar.


Topic: Strop
Definition:
STROP, n. 
1. A strap. [See Strap.] This orthography is particularly used for a strip of lether used for sharpening razors and giving them a fine smooth edge; a razor-strop. But strap is preferable.
2. A piece of rope spliced into a circular wreath, and put round a block for hanging it.


Topic: Strophe
Definition:
STROPHE, STROPHY, n. [Gr., a turn; to turn.] In Greek poetry, a stanza; the first member of a poem. This is succeeded by a similar stanza called antistrophy.


Topic: Structure
Definition:
STRUCTURE, n. [L., to set or lay.]
1. Act of building; practice of erecting buildings.
His son builds on and never is content, till the last farthing is in structure spent.
2. Manner of building; form; make; construction; as the want of insight into the structure and constitution of the terraqueous globe.
3. Manner of organization of animals and vegetables, &c.
4. A building of any kind, but chiefly a building of some size or of magnificence; an edifice. The iron bridge over the Seine in Paris, is a beautiful structure.
There stands a structure of majestic frame.
5. In mineralogy, the particular arrangement of the integrant particles or molecules of a mineral.


Topic: Struggle
Definition:
STRUGGLE, v.i. [This word may be formed on the root of stretch, right, &c. which signifies to strain; or more directly on the same elements in L., to wrinkle.]
1. Properly, to strive, or to make efforts with a twisting or with contortions of the body. Hence, 
2. To use great efforts; to labor hard; to strive; to contend; as, to struggle to save life; to struggle with the waves; to struggle against the stream; to struggle with adversity.
3. To labor in pain or anguish; to be in agony; to labor in any kind of difficulty or distress.
Tis wisdom to beware, and better shun the bait than struggle in the snare.
STRUGGLE, n. 
1. Great labor; forcible effort to obtain an object, or to avoid an evil; properly, a violent effort with contortions of the body.
2. Contest; contention; strife.
An honest man might look upon the struggle with indifference.
3. Agony; contortions of extreme distress.


Topic: Struggling
Definition:
STRUGGLING, ppr. Making great efforts; using violent exertions; affected with contortions.
STRUGGLING, n. The act of striving; vehement or earnest effort.


Topic: Strumpet
Definition:
STRUMPET, n. A prostitute.
STRUMPET, a. Like a strumpet; false; inconstant.
STRUMPET, v.t. To debauch.


Topic: Strut
Definition:
STRUT, v.i. 
1. To walk with a lofty proud gait and erect head; to walk with affected dignity.
Does he not hold up his head and strut in his gait?
2. To swell; to protuberate.
The bellying canvas strutted with the gale. [Not used.]
STRUT, n. A lofty proud step or walk with the head erect; affectation of dignity in walking.


Topic: Strutting
Definition:
STRUTTING, ppr. Walking with a lofty gait and erect head.
STRUTTING, n. The act of walking with a proud gait.


Topic: Strychnia
Definition:
STRYCHNIA, n. An alkaline substance obtained from the fruit of the Strychnos nux vomica, and Strychnos ignatia. It is a white substance, crystalized in very small four sided prisms, and intolerably bitter. It acts upon the stomach with violent energy, inducing locked jaw and destroying life.


Topic: Stub
Definition:
STUB, n. [L., setting, fixing. See Stop.]
1. The stump of a tree; that part of the stem of a tree which remains fixed int he earth when the tree is cut down. [Stub, in the United States, I believe is never used for the stump of an herbaceous plant.]
2. A log; a block. [Not in use.]
STUB, v.t. 
1. To grub up by the roots; to extirpate; as, to stub up edible roots.
2. To strike the toes against a stump, stone or other fixed object.


Topic: Stubbed
Definition:
STUBBED, a. 
1. Short and thick like something truncated; blunt; obtuse. 
2. Hardy; not nice or delicate.


Topic: Stubble
Definition:
STUBBLE, n. [L.] The stumps of wheat, rye, barley, oats or buckwheat, left in the ground; the part of the stalk left by the sythe or sickle.
After the first crop is off, they plow in the stubble.


Topic: Stubborn
Definition:
STUBBORN, a. [This word is doubtless formed on the root of stub or stiff, and denotes fixed, firm. But the origin of the latter syllable is not obvious.
1. Unreasonably obstinate; inflexibly fixed in opinion; not to be moved or persuaded by reasons; inflexible; as a stubborn son; a stubborn mind or soul.
The queen is obstinate--stubborn to justice.
2. Persevering; persisting; steady; constant; as stubborn attention.
3. Stiff; not flexible; as a stubborn bow.
Take a plant of stubborn oak.
4. Hardy; firm; enduring without complaint; as stubborn Stoics.
5. Harsh; rough; rugged. [Little used.]
6. Refractory; not easily melted or worked; as a stubborn ore or metal.
7. Refractory; obstinately resisting command, the goad or the whip; as a stubborn ass or horse.


Topic: Stubbornness
Definition:
STUBBORNNESS, n. 
1. Perverse and unreasonable obstinacy; inflexibility; contumacy.
Stubbornness and obstinate disobedience must be mastered with blows.
2. Stiffness; want of pliancy.
3. Refractoriness, as of ores.


Topic: Stubby
Definition:
STUBBY, a. [from stub.] 
1. Abounding with stubs.
2. Short and thick; short and strong; as stubby bristles.


Topic: Stucco
Definition:
STUCCO, n. 
1. A fine plaster composed of lime, sand, whiting and pounded marble; used for covering walls, &c.
2. Work made of stucco.
STUCCO, v.t. To plaster; to overlay with fine plaster.


Topic: Stuck
Definition:
STUCK, pret. and pp. of stick.
Stuck oer with titles, and hung round with strings.
STUCK, n. A thrust. [Not in use.]


Topic: Stuckle
Definition:
STUCKLE, n. [from stook.] A number of sheaves set together in the field. [Not in use in the United States.]


Topic: Stud
Definition:
STUD, n. [G., a stay or prop; to butt at, to gore. The sense of the root is to set, to thrust. G. It coincides with stead, place.]
1. In building, a small piece of timber or joist inserted in the sills and beams, between the posts, to support he beams or other main timbers. The boards on the outside and the laths on the inside of a building, are also nailed to the studs.
2. A nail with a large head, inserted in work chiefly for ornament; an ornamental knob.
A belt of straw, and ivy buds, with coral clasps and amber studs. 
Crystal and myrrhine cups, embossd with gems and studs of pearl.
3. A collection of breeding horses and mares; or the place where they are kept.
In the studs of Ireland, where care is taken, we see horses bred of excellent shape, vigor and fire.
4. A button for a shirt sleeve.
STUD, v.t. 
1. To adorn with shining studs or knobs.
Their horses shall be trappd, their harness studded all with gold and pearl.
2. To set with detached ornaments or prominent objects.


Topic: Studded
Definition:
STUDDED, pp. 
1. Adorned with studs.
2. Set with detached ornaments.
The sloping sides and summits of our hills, and the extensive plains that stretch before our view, are studded with substantial, neat and commodious dwelling of freemen.


Topic: Studding-sail
Definition:
STUDDING-SAIL, n. In navigation, a sail that is set beyond the skirts of the principal sails. The studding-sails are set only when the wind is light. They appear like wings upon the yard-arms.


Topic: Student
Definition:
STUDENT, n. [L. See Study.]
1. A person engaged in study; one who is devoted to learning, either in a seminary or in private; a scholar; as the students of an academy, of a college or university; a medical student; a law student.
2. A man devoted to books; a bookish man; as a hard student; a close student.
Keep a gamester from dice, and a good student from his books.
3. One who studies or examines; as a student of natures works.


Topic: Studied
Definition:
STUDIED, pp. [from study.] 
1. Read; closely examined; read with diligence and attention; well considered. The book has been studied. The subject has been well studied.
2. a. Learned; well versed in any branch of learning; qualified by study; as a man well studied in geometry, or in law or medical science.
3. Having a particular inclination. [Not in use.]


Topic: Studier
Definition:
STUDIER, n. [from study.] One who studies; a student.
Lipsius was a great studier in the stoical philosophy.


Topic: Studious
Definition:
STUDIOUS, a. [L.]
1. Given to books or to learning; devoted to the acquisition of knowledge from books; as a studious scholar.
2. Contemplative; given to thought, or to the examination of subjects by contemplation.
3. Diligent; eager to discover something, or to effect some object; as, be studious to please; studious to find new friends and allies.
4. Attentive to; careful; with of.
Divines must become studious of pious and venerable antiquity.
5. Planned with study; deliberate.
For the frigid villany of studious lewdness, for the calm malignity of labored impiety, what apology can be invented?
6. Favorable to study; suitable for thought and contemplation; as the studious shade.
et my due feet never fail, To walk the studious cloister pale. [The latter signification is forced and not much used.]


Topic: Studiously
Definition:
STUDIOUSLY, adv. 
1. With study; with close attention to books.
2. With diligent contemplation.
3. Diligently; with zeal and earnestness.
4. Carefully; attentively.


Topic: Studiousness
Definition:
STUDIOUSNESS, n. The habit or practice of study; addictedness to books. Men of sprightly imagination are not generally the most remarkable for studiousness.


Topic: Study
Definition:
STUDY, n. [L., to study, that is, to set the thought or mind. See Assiduous.]
1. Literally, a setting of the mind or thoughts upon a subject; hence, application of mind of books, to arts or science, or to any subject, for the purpose of learning what is not before known.
Hammond generally spent thirteen hours of the day in study.
Study gives strength to the mind; conversation, grace.
2. Attention; meditation; contrivance.
Just men they seemd, and all their study bent to worship God aright and know his works.
3. Any particular branch of learning that is studied. Let your studies be directed by some learned and judicious friend.
4. Subject of attention.
The Holy Scriptures, especially the New Testament, are her daily study.
5. A building or an apartment devoted to study or to literary employment.
6. Deep cogitation; perplexity. [Little used.]
STUDY, v.i. [L.]
1. To fix the mind closely upon a subject; to muse; to dwell upon in thought.
I found a moral first, and then studied for a fable.
2. To apply the mind to books. He studies eight hours in the day.
3. To endeavor diligently.
That ye study to be quiet and do your own business. 1 Thessalonians 4.


Topic: Stuff
Definition:
STUFF, n. [G., See Stove and Stew.]
1. A mass of matter, indefinitely; or a collection of substances; as a heap of dust, of chips or of dross.
2. The matter of which any thing is formed; materials. The carpenter and joiner speak of the stuff with which they build; mechanics pride themselves on having their wares made of good stuff.
Time is the stuff which life is made of.
Degrading prose explains his meaning ill, and shows the stuff, and not the workmans skill.
Cesar hath wept; ambition should be made of sterner stuff.
3. Furniture; goods; domestic vessels in general.
He took away locks, and gave away the kings stuff. [Nearly obsolete.]
4. That which fills any thing.
Cleanse the suffd bosom of that perilous stuff that weighs upon the heart.
5. Essence; elemental part; as the stuff of the conscience.
6. A medicine. [Vulgar.]
7. Cloth; fabrics of the loom; as silk stuffs; woolen stuffs. In this sense the word has a plural. Stuff comprehends all cloths, but it signifies particularly woolen cloth of slight texture for linings.
8. Matter or thing; particularly, that which is trifling or worthless; a very extensive use of the word. Flattery is fulsome stuff; poor poetry is miserable stuff.
Anger would indite such woful stuff as I or Shadwell write.
9. Among seamen, a melted mass of turpentine, tallow, &c. With which the masts, sides and bottom of a ship are smeared.
STUFF, v.t. 
1. To fill; as, to stuff a bedtick.
2. To fill very full; to crowd.
This crook drew hazel boughs adown, and stuffd her apron wide with nuts so brown.
3. To thrust in; to crowd; to press.
Put roses into a glass with a narrow mouth, stuffing them close together.
4. To fill by being put into nay thing.
With inward arms the dire machine they load, and iron bowels stuff the dark abode.
5. To swell or cause to bulge out by putting something in.
Stuff me out with straw. 
6. To fill with something improper.
For thee I dim these eyes, and stuff this head with all such reading as was never read.
7. To obstruct, as any of the organs.
Im stuffd, cousin; I cannot smell.
8. To fill meat with seasoning; as, to stuff a leg of veal.
9. To fill the skin of a dead animal for presenting and preserving his form; as, to stuff a bird or a lions skin.
10. To form by filling.
An eastern king put a judge to death for an iniquitous sentence, and ordered his hide to be stuffed into a cushion, and placed upon the tribunal.
STUFF, v.i. To feed gluttonously.
Taught harmless man to cram and stuff.


Topic: Stuffing
Definition:
STUFFING, ppr. Filling; crowding.
STUFFING, n. 
1. That which is used for filling any thing; as the stuffing of a saddle or cushion.
2. Seasoning for meat; that which is put into meat to give it a higher relish.


Topic: Stultify
Definition:
STULTIFY, v.t. [L., foolish; to make.]
1. To make foolish; to make one a fool.
2. In law, to alledge or prove to be insane, for avoiding some act.


Topic: Stum
Definition:
STUM, n. [G.]
1. Must; wine unfermented.
2. New wine used to raise fermentation in dead or vapid wines.
3. Wine revived by a new fermentation.
STUM, v.t. 
1. To renew wine by mixing must with it, and raising a new fermentation.
We stum our wines to renew their spirits.
2. To fume a cask or liquor with burning brimstone. [Local.]


Topic: Stumble
Definition:
STUMBLE, v.i. [This word is probably from a root that signifies to stop or to strike, and may be allied to stammer.]
1. To trip in walking or moving in any way upon the legs; to strike the foot so as to fall, or to endanger a fall; applied to any animal. A man may stumble, as well as a horse.
The way of the wicked is as darkness; they know not at what they stumble. Proverbs 4.
2. To err; to slide into a crime or an error.
He that loveth his brother, abideth in the light, and there is none occasion of stumbling in him. 1 John 2.
3. To strike upon without design; to fall on; to light on by chance. Men often stumble upon valuable discoveries.
Ovid stumbled by some inadvertence upon Livia in a bath.
STUMBLE, v.t. 
1. To obstruct in progress; to cause to trip or stop.
2. To confound; to puzzle; to put to a nonplus; to perplex.
One thing more stumbles me in the very foundation of this hypothesis.
STUMBLE, n. 
1. A trip in walking or running.
2. A blunder; a failure.
One stumble is enough to deface the character of an honorable life.


Topic: Stumbling-block
Definition:
STUMBLING-BLOCK, STUMBLING-STONE, n. [stumble and block or stone.] Any cause of stumbling; that which causes to err.
We preach Christ crucified, to the Jews a stumbling-block, and to the Greeks foolishness. 1 Corinthians 1.
This stumbling stone we hope to take away.


Topic: Stump
Definition:
STUMP, n. [G.]
1. The stub of a tree; the part of a tree remaining int he earth after the tree is cut down, or the part of any plant left in the earth by the sythe or sickle.
2. The part of a limb or other body remaining after a part is amputated or destroyed; as the stump of a leg, of a finger or a tooth.
STUMP, v.t. 
1. To strike any thing fixed and hard with the toe. [Vulgar.
2. To challenge. [Vulgar.]


Topic: Stun
Definition:
STUN, v.t. [The primary sense is to strike or to stop, to blunt, to stupefy.]
1. To make senseless or dizzy with a blow on the head; as, to be stunned by a fall, or by a falling timber.
One hung a pole-ax at his saddle bow, and one a heavy mace to stun the foe.
2. To overpower the sense of hearing; to blunt or stupefy the organs of hearing. To prevent being stunned, cannoneers sometimes fill their ears with wool.
3. To confound or make dizzy by loud and mingled sound.
--An universal hubbub wild of stunning sounds and voices all confusd.


Topic: Stunt
Definition:
STUNT, v.t. [See Stint.] To hinder from growth; applied to animals and plants; as, to stunt a child; to stunt a plant.


Topic: Stupe
Definition:
STUPE, n. [L., tow; probably allied to stuff.] Cloth or flax dipped in warm medicaments and applied to a hurt or sore; fomentation; sweating bath.
STUPE, v.t. To foment.
STUPE, n. A stupid person. [Not in use.]


Topic: Stupefaction
Definition:
STUPEFACTION, n. [L. See Stop.]
1. The act of rendering stupid.
2. A stupid or senseless state; insensibility; dullness; torpor; stupidity.
Resistance of the dictates of conscience brings a hardness and stupefaction upon it.


Topic: Stupefactive
Definition:
STUPEFACTIVE, a. Causing insensibility; deadening or blunting the sense of felling or understanding; narcotic.
Opium hath a stupefactive part.


Topic: Stupefy
Definition:
STUPEFY, v.t. [L.]
1. To make stupid; to make dull; to blunt the faculty of perception or understanding; to deprive of sensibility. It is a great sin to attempt to stupefy the conscience.
The fumes of passion intoxicate his discerning faculties, as the fumes of drink stupefy the brain.
2. To deprive of material motion.
It is not malleable nor fluent, but stupefied. [Not in use.]


Topic: Stupefying
Definition:
STUPEFYING, ppr. Rendering extremely dull or insensible; as the stupefying virtues of opium. [It would be convenient to write stupifaction, stupifactive, and place these words after stupidly.]


Topic: Stupendous
Definition:
STUPENDOUS, a. [Low L., to astonish.] Literally, striking dumb by its magnitude; hence, astonishing; wonderful; amazing; particularly, of astonishing magnitude or elevation; as a stupendous pile; a stupendous edifice; a stupendous mountain; a stupendous bridge.


Topic: Stupid
Definition:
STUPID, a. [L., to be stupefied, properly to stop. See Stop.]
1. Very dull; insensible; senseless; wanting in understanding; heavy; sluggish.
O that men should be so stupid grown, as to forsake the living God.
With wild surprise, a moment stupid, motionless he stood.
2. Dull; heavy; formed without skill or genius.
Observe what loads of stupid rhymes oppress us in corrupted times.


Topic: Stupidly
Definition:
STUPIDLY, adv. With extreme dullness; with suspension or inactivity of understanding; sottishly; absurdly; without the exercise of reason or judgment.


Topic: Stupor
Definition:
STUPOR, n. [L.]
1. Great diminution or suspension of sensibility; suppression of sense; numbness; as the stupor of a limb.
2. Intellectual insensibility; moral stupidity; heedlessness or inattention to ones interests.


Topic: Sturdiness
Definition:
STURDINESS, n. [from sturdy.] 
1. Stoutness; hardiness; as the sturdiness of a school boy.
2. Brutal strength.


Topic: Sturdy
Definition:
STURDY, a. [G., connected with; a stub.]
1. Hardy; stout; foolishly obstinate; implying coarseness or rudeness.
This must be done, and I would fain see mortal so sturdy as to gainsay.
A sturdy hardened sinner advances to the utmost pitch of impiety with less reluctance than he took the first step.
2. Strong; forcible; lusty; as a sturdy lout.
3. Violent; laid on with strength; as sturdy strokes.
4. Stiff; stout; strong; as a sturdy oak.
He was not of a delicate contexture, his limbs rather sturdy than dainty.
STURDY, n. A disease in sheep, marked by dullness and stupor.


Topic: Sturgeon
Definition:
STURGEON, n. [Low L., G.] A large fish of the genus Acipenser, caught in large rivers. Its flesh is valued for food.


Topic: Sty
Definition:
STY, n. 
1. A pen or inclosure for swine.
2. A place of bestial debauchery.
To roll with pleasure in a sensual sty.
3. An inflamed tumor on the edge of the eyelid.
STY, v.t. To shut up in a sty.
STY, v.i. To soar; to ascend. [Not in use.] [See Stirrup.]


Topic: Stygian
Definition:
STYGIAN, a. [L.] Pertaining to Styx, fabled by the ancients to be a river of hell over which the shades of the dead passed, or the region of the dead; hence, hellish; infernal.
At that so sudden blaze, the Stygian throng bent their aspect.


Topic: Style
Definition:
STYLE, n. [L., Gr., a column, a pen or bodkin; from the root of the Teutonic stellen, to set or place.]
1. Manner of writing with regard to language, or the choice and arrangement of words; as a harsh style; a dry style; a tumid or bombastic style; a loose style; a terse style; a laconic or verbose style; a flowing style; a lofty style; an elegant style; an epistolary style. The character of style depends chiefly on a happy selection and arrangement of words.
Proper words in proper places, make the true definition of style.
Let some lord but own the happy lines, how the wit brightens and the style refines!
2. Manner of speaking appropriate to particular characters; or in general, the character of the language used.
Not style is held for base, where love well named is.
According to the usual style of dedications.
So we say, a person addresses another in a style of haughtiness, in a style or rebuke.
3. Mode of painting; any manner of painting which is characteristic or peculiar.
The ornamental style also possesses its own peculiar merit.
4. A particular character of music; as a grave style.
5. Title; appellation; as the style of majesty.
Propitious hear our prayr, whether the style of Titan please thee more--
6. Course of writing. [Not in use.]
7. Style of court, is properly the practice observed by any court in its way of proceeding.
8. In popular use, manner; form; as, the entertainment was prepared in excellent style.
9. A pointed instrument formerly used in writing on tables of wax; an instrument of surgery.
10. Something with a sharp point; a graver; the pin of a dial; written also stile.
11. In botany, the middle portion of the pistil, connecting the stigma with the germ; sometimes called the shaft. The styles of plants are capillary, filiform, cylindric, subulate, or clavate.
12. In chronology, a mode of reckoning time, with regard to the Julian and Gregorian calendar. Style is Old or New. The Old Style follows the Julian manner of computing the months and days, or the calendar as established by Julius Cesar, in which the year consists of 365 days and 6 hours. This is something more than 11 minutes too much, and in the course of time, between Cesar and pope Gregory XIII, this surplus amounted to 11 days. Gregory reformed the calendar by retrenching 11 days; this reformation was adopted by act of parliament in Great Britain in 1751, by which act eleven days in September, 1752 were retrenched, and the 3rd day was reckoned the 14th. This mode of reckoning is called New Style.
STYLE, v.t. To call; to name; to denominate; to give a title to in addressing. The emperor of Russia is styled autocrat; the king of Great Britain is styled defender of the faith.


Topic: Stylite
Definition:
STYLITE, n. [Gr., a column.] In ecclesiastical history, the Stylites were a sect of solitaries, who stood motionless on columns or pillars for the exercise of their patience.


Topic: Styloid
Definition:
STYLOID, a. [L., Gr.] Having some resemblance to a style or pen; as the styloid process of the temporal bone.


Topic: Suability
Definition:
SUABILITY, n. Liability to be sued; the state of being subject by law to civil process. [Not much used.]


Topic: Suasory
Definition:
SUASORY, a. [L.] Tending to persuade; having the quality of convincing and drawing by argument or reason.


Topic: Suavity
Definition:
SUAVITY, n. [L.]
1. Sweetness, in a literal sense. [Not in use.]
2. Sweetness, in a figurative sense; that which is to the mind what sweetness is to the tongue; agreeableness; softness; pleasantness; as suavity of manners; suavity of language, conversation or address.


Topic: Sub
Definition:
SUB, a Latin preposition, denoting under or below, used in English as a prefix, to express a subordinate degree. Before f and p it is changed into those letters, as in suffer, and suppose; and before m, into that letter, as in summon.


Topic: Sub-contrary
Definition:
SUB-CONTRARY, a. [sub and contrary.] Contrary in an inferior degree. In geometry, when two similar triangles are so placed as to have a common angle at their vertex, and yet their bases not parallel.


Topic: Subacid
Definition:
SUBACID, a. [sub and acid.] Moderately acid or sour; as a subacid juice.
SUBACID, n. A substance moderately acid.


Topic: Subaction
Definition:
SUBACTION, n. The act of reducing to any state, as of mixing two bodies completely, or of beating them to a powder.


Topic: Subahdar
Definition:
SUBAHDAR, n. In India, a viceroy, or the governor of a province; also, a native of India, who ranks as captain in the European companies.


Topic: Subaltern
Definition:
SUBALTERN, a. [L.] Inferior; subordinate; that in different respects is both superior and inferior; as a subaltern officer. It is used chiefly of military officers.
SUBALTERN, n. A subordinate officer in an army or military body. It is applied to officers below the rank of captain.


Topic: Subaxillary
Definition:
SUBAXILLARY, a. [L., the arm-pit.] Placed under the axil or angle formed by the branch of a plant with the stem, or by a leaf with the branch.


Topic: Subcarbureted
Definition:
SUBCARBURETED, a. Carbureted in an inferior degree; or consisting of one prime of carbon and two of hydrogen.


Topic: Subdiversify
Definition:
SUBDIVERSIFY, v.t. [sub and diversify.] To diversify again what is already diversified. [Little used.]


Topic: Subdivide
Definition:
SUBDIVIDE, v.t. [sub and divide.] To divide a part of a thing into more parts; to part into smaller divisions.
In the rise of eight in tones, are two half tones; so as if you divide the tones equally, the eight is but seven whole and equal notes; and if you subdivide that into half notes, as in the stops of a lute, it makes the number thirteen.
The progenies of Cham and Japhet swarmed into colonies, and those colonies were subdivided into many others--
SUBDIVIDE, v.i. To be subdivided.


Topic: Subdivision
Definition:
SUBDIVISION, n. 
1. The act of subdividing or separating a part into smaller parts.
2. The part of a thing made by subdividing; the part of a larger part.
In the decimal table, the subdivision s of the cubit, as span, palm, and digit, are deduced from the shorter cubit.


Topic: Subduce
Definition:
SUBDUCE, SUBDUCT, v.t. [L., sub and duco, to draw.]
1. To withdraw; to take away.
Or from my side subducting, took perhaps more than enough.
2. To subtract by arithmetical operation.
If out of that infinite multitude of antecedent generations we should subduct ten--


Topic: Subdue
Definition:
SUBDUE, v.t. 
1. To conquer by force or the exertion of superior power, and bring into permanent subjection; to reduce under dominion. Thus Cesar subdued the Gauls; Augustus subdued Egypt; the English subdued Canada. Subduing implies conquest or vanquishing, but it implies also more permanence of subjection to the conquering power, than either of these words.
I will subdue all thine enemies. 1 Chronicles 17.
2. To oppress; to crush; to sink; to overpower so as to disable from further resistance.
Nothing could have subdud nature to such a lowness, but his unkind daughters.
If aught were worthy to subdue the soul of man.
3. To tame; to break by conquering a refractory temper or evil passions; to render submissive; as, to subdue a stubborn child.
4. To conquer; to reduce to mildness; as, to subdue the temper or passions.
5. To overcome by persuasion or other mild means; as, to subdue opposition by argument or intreaties.
6. To overcome; to conquer; to captivate; as by charms.
7. To soften; to melt; to reduce to tenderness; as, to subdue ferocity by tears.
8. To overcome; to overpower and destroy the force of; as, medicines subdue a fever.
9. To make mellow; to break; as land; also, to destroy, as weeds.


Topic: Subduer
Definition:
SUBDUER, n. 
1. One who conquers and brings into subjection; a tamer.
2. That which subdues or destroys the force of.


Topic: Subduing
Definition:
SUBDUING, ppr. Vanquishing and reducing to subjection; crushing; destroying the power of resistance; softening.


Topic: Suberose
Definition:
SUBEROSE, a. [L., gnawed.] In botany, having the appearance of being gnawed; appearing as if a little eaten or gnawed.


Topic: Subhastation
Definition:
SUBHASTATION, n. [L., under the spear.] A public sale or auction, so called form the Roman practice.


Topic: Subhydrosulphuret
Definition:
SUBHYDROSULPHURET, n. A compound of sulphurated hydrogen with a base, in a less proportion than in hydrosulphuret.


Topic: Subinfeudation
Definition:
SUBINFEUDATION, n. [sub and infeudation. See Feud.]
1. In law, the act of enfeoffing by a tenant or feoffee, who holds lands of the crown; the act of a greater baron, who grants land or a smaller manor to an inferior person. By 34 Edward II all subinfeudations previous to the reign of king Edward I., were confirmed.
2. Under tenancy.
The widow is immediate tenant to the heir, by a kind of subinfeudation or under tenancy.


Topic: Subjacent
Definition:
SUBJACENT, a. [L. Sub and jaceo, to lie.]
1. Lying under or below.
2. Being in a lower situation, though not directly beneath. A man placed on a hill, surveys the subjacent plain.


Topic: Subject
Definition:
SUBJECT, a. 
1. Placed or situate under.
--The eastern tower whose height commands, as subject, all the vale, to see the fight.
2. Being under the power and dominion of another; as, Jamaica is subject to Great Britain.
Esau was never subject to Jacob.
3. Exposed; liable from extraneous causes; as a country subject to extreme heat or cold.
4. Liable from inherent causes; prone; disposed.
All human things are subject to decay.
5. Being that on which nay thing operates, whether intellectual or material; as the subject-matter of a discourse.
6. Obedient. Titus 3. Colossians 2.
SUBJECT, n. [L.]
1. One that owes allegiance to a sovereign and is governed by his laws. The natives of Great Britain are subjects of the British government. The natives of the United States, and naturalized foreigners, are subjects of the federal government. Men in free governments, are subjects as well as citizens; as citizens, they enjoy rights and franchises; as subjects, they are bound to obey the laws.
The subject must obey his prince, because God commands it, and human laws require it.
2. That on which any mental operation is performed; that which is treated or handled; as a subject of discussion before the legislature; a subject of negotiation.
This subject for heroic song pleasd me.
The subject of a proposition is that concerning which any thing is affirmed or denied.
3. That on which any physical operation is performed; as a subject for dissection or amputation.
4. That in which any thing inheres or exists.
Anger is certainly a kind of baseness, as it appears well in the weakness of those subjects in whom it reigns.
5. The person who is treated of; the hero of a piece.
Authors of biography are apt to be prejudiced in favor of their subject.
6. In grammar, the nominative case to a verb passive.
SUBJECT, v.t. 
1. To bring under the power or dominion of. Alexander subjected a great part of the civilized world to his dominion.
Firmness of mind that subjects every gratification of sense to the rule of right reason--
2. To put under or within the power of.
In one short view subjected to our eye, gods, emperors, heroes, sages, beauties lie.
3. To enslave; to make obnoxious.
He is the most subjected, the most enslaved, who is so in his understanding.
4. To expose; to make liable. Credulity subjects a person to impositions.
5. To submit; to make accountable.
God is not bound to subject his ways of operation to the scrutiny of our thoughts--
6. To make subservient.
--Subjected to his service angel wings.
7. To cause to undergo; as, to subject a substance to a white heat; to subject it to a rigid test.


Topic: Subjection
Definition:
SUBJECTION, n. 
1. The act of subduing; the act of vanquishing and bringing under the dominion of another.
The conquest of the kingdom and the subjection of the rebels--
2. The state of being under the power, control and government of another. The safety of life, liberty, and property depends on our subjection to the laws. The isles of the West Indies are held in subjection to the powers of Europe. Our appetites and passions should be in subjection to our reason, and our will should be in entire subjection to the laws of God.


Topic: Subjective
Definition:
SUBJECTIVE, a. Relating to the subject, as opposed to the object.
Certainty--is distinguished into objective and subjective; objective, is when the proposition is certainly true of itself; and subjective, is when we are certain of the truth of it.


Topic: Subjoin
Definition:
SUBJOIN, v.t. [L.] To add at the end; to add after something else has been said or written; as, to subjoin an argument or reason. [It is never used in a literal physical sense, to express the joining of material things.]


Topic: Subjugate
Definition:
SUBJUGATE, v.t. [L. Sub and jugo, to yoke. See Yoke.] To subdue and bring under the yoke of power or dominion; to conquer by force and compel to submit to the government or absolute control of another.
He subjugated a king, and called him his vassal.
[Subjugate differs from subject only in implying a reduction to a more tyrannical or arbitrary sway; but they are often used as synonymous.]


Topic: Subjunctive
Definition:
SUBJUNCTIVE, a. [L. See Subjoin.]
1. Subjoined or added to something before said or written.
2. In grammar, designating a form of verbs which follow other verbs or words expressing condition, hypothesis or contingency; as, veni ut me videas, I came that you may see me; Si fecerint aequum, if they should do what is just.
3. Subjunctive is often used as a noun, denoting the subjunctive mode.


Topic: Sublieutenant
Definition:
SUBLIEUTENANT, n. An officer in the royal regiment of artillery and fusileers, in which are no ensigns, and who is the same as second lieutenant.


Topic: Sublimable
Definition:
SUBLIMABLE, a. [from sublime.] That may be sublimated; capable of being raised by heat into vapor, and again condensed by cold.


Topic: Sublimate
Definition:
SUBLIMATE, v.t. [from sublime.]
1. To bring a solid substance, as camphor or sulphur, into the state of vapor by heat, which on cooling, returns again to the solid state. [See Sublimation.]
2. To refine and exalt; to highthen; to elevate.
And as his actions rose, so raise they still their vein, in words whose weight best suits a sublimated strain.
SUBLIMATE, n. The product of a sublimation. Corrosive sublimate is the muriate of mercury when it has undergone sublimation. It is one of the most virulent of the mineral poisons.
Blue sublimate, is a preparation of mercury with flower of brimstone and sal ammoniac; used in painting.
SUBLIMATE, a. Brought into a state of vapor by heat and again condensed, as solid substances.


Topic: Sublimation
Definition:
SUBLIMATION, n. 
1.  The operation of bringing a solid substance into the state of vapor by heat, and condensing it again into a solid by cold. Sublimation bears the same relation to a solid, that distillation does to a liquid.  Both processes purify the substances to which they are severally applied, by separating them from the fixed and grosser matters with which they are connected.
2.  Exaltation; elevation; act of highthening or improving.
 Religion, the perfection, refinement and sublimation of morality.


Topic: Sublime
Definition:
SUBLI'ME, a. [L. sublimis.]
1.  High in place; exalted aloft.
 Sublime on these a tow'r of steel is rear'd.
2.  High in excellence; exalted by nature; elevated.
 Can it be that souls sublime
 Return to visit our terrestrial clime?
3.  High in style or sentiment; lofty; grand.
Easy in style thy work, in sense sublime.
4.  Elevated by joy; as sublime with expectation.
5.  Lofty of mein; elevated in manner.
 His fair large front and eye sublime declar'd
 Absolute rule.
SUBLI'ME, n.  A grand or lofty style; a style that expresses lofty conceptions.
 The sublime rises from the nobleness of thoughts, the magnificence of words, or the harmonious and lively turn of the phrase--
SUBLI'ME, v.t.  To sublimate, which see.
1.  To raise on high.
2.  To exalt; to highten; to improve.
 The sun--
 Which not alone the southern wit sublimes,
 But ripens spirits in cold northern climes.
SUBLI'ME, v.i.  To be brought or changed into a state of vapor by heat, and then condensed by cold, as a solid substance.
 Particles of antimony which will not sublime alone.


Topic: Sublimely
Definition:
SUBLI'MELY, adv.  With elevated conceptions; loftily; as, to express one's self sublimely.
 In English lays, and all sublimely great,
 Thy Homer charms with all his ancient heat.


Topic: Sublimity
Definition:
SUBLIM'ITY, n. [L. sublimitas.]
1.  Elevation of place; lofty highth.
2.  Highth in excellence; loftiness of nature or character;
moral grandeur; as God's incomprehensible sublimity.
 The sublimity of the character of Christ owes nothing to his historians.
3.  In oratory and composition, lofty conceptions, or such conceptions expressed in corresponding language; loftiness of sentiment or style.
 Milton's distinguishing excellence lies in the sublimity of his thoughts.


Topic: Sublingual
Definition:
SUBLIN'GUAL, a. [L. sub and lingua, the tongue.]
Situated under the tongue; as the sublingual glands.


Topic: Subluxation
Definition:
SUBLUXA'TION, n. [sub and luxation.]  In surgery, a violent sprain; also, an incomplete dislocation.


Topic: Submarine
Definition:
SUBMARINE, a. [L. sub and marinus, from mare, the sea.] 
Being, acting or growing under water in the sea; as submarine navigators; submarine plants.


Topic: Submaxillary
Definition:
SUBMAX'ILLARY, a. [L. sub and maxilla, the jaw-bone.]  Situated under the jaw.
The submaxillary glands are two salivatory glands, situated one on either side, immediately within the angle of the lower jaw.


Topic: Submerge
Definition:
SUBMERGE, v.t. submerj'. [L. submergo; sub and mergo, to plunge.]
1.  To put under water; to plunge.
2.  To cover or overflow with water; to drown.
 So half my Egypt was submerg'd.
SUBMERGE, v.i. submerj'.  To plunge under water, as swallows.


Topic: Submersion
Definition:
SUBMER'SION, n. [L. submersus.]
1.  The act of putting under water or causing to be overflowed; as the submersion of an isle or tract of land.
2.  The act of plunging under water; the act of drowning.


Topic: Submiss
Definition:
SUBMISS', a. [L. submissus, submitto.]  Submissive; humble; obsequious.  [Rarely used, and in poetry only.]


Topic: Submission
Definition:
SUBMIS'SION, n. [L. submissio, from submitto.]
1.  The act of submitting; the act of yielding to power or authority; surrender of the person and power to the control or government of another.
 Submission, dauphin! 'tis a mere French word;
 We English warriors wot not what it means.
2.  Acknowledgment of inferiority or dependence; humble or suppliant behavior.
 In all submission and humility,
 York doth present himself unto your highness.
3.  Acknowledgment of a fault; confession or error.
 Be not as extreme in submission, as in offense.
4.  Obedience; compliance with the commands or laws of a superior.  Submission of children to their parents is an indispensable duty.
5.  Resignation; a yielding of one's will to the will or appointment of a superior without murmuring.  Entire and cheerful submission to the will of God is a christian duty of prime excellence.


Topic: Submissive
Definition:
SUBMISS'IVE, a.  Yielding to the will or power of another; obedient.
1.  Humble; acknowledging one's inferiority; testifying one's submission.
 Her at his feet submissive in distress,
 He thus with peaceful words uprais'd.


Topic: Submissively
Definition:
SUBMISS'IVELY, adv.  With submission; with acknowledgment of inferiority; humbly.
 The goddess,
 Soft in her tone, submissively replies.


Topic: Submissiveness
Definition:
SUBMISS'IVENESS, n.  A submissive temper or disposition.
1.  Humbleness; acknowledgment of inferiority.
2.  Confession of fault.
 Frailty gets pardon by submissiveness.


Topic: Submit
Definition:
SUBMIT', v.t. [L. submitto; sub, under, and mitto, to send.]
1.  To let down; to cause to sink or lower.
 Sometimes the hill submits itself a while.
[This use of the word is nearly or wholly obsolete.]
2.  To yield, resign or surrender to the power, will or authority of another; with the reciprocal pronoun.
 Return to thy mistress, and submit thyself under her hand. Gen.16.
 Wives, submit yourselves to your own husbands. Eph.5.
 Submit yourselves to every ordinance of man.  1 Pet. 2.
3.  To refer; to leave or commit to the discretion of judgment of another; as, to submit a controversy to arbitrators; to submit a question to the court.
SUBMIT', v.i.  To surrender; to yield one's person to the power of another; to give up resistance.  The enemy submitted.
 The revolted provinces presently submitted.
1.  To yield one's opinion to the opinion or authority of another.  On hearing the opinion of the court, the counsel submitted without further argument.
2.  To be subject; to acquiesce in the authority of another.
 To thy husband's will
 Thine shall submit--
3.  To be submissive; to yield without murmuring.
 Our religion requires us--to submit to pain, disgrace and even death.


Topic: Submultiple
Definition:
SUBMUL'TIPLE, n. [See Multiply.]  A number or quantity which is contained in another a certain number of times, or is an aliquot part of it. Thus 7 is the submultiple of 56, being contained in it eight times. The word is used as an adjective also; as a submultiple number; submultiple ratio.


Topic: Subnormal
Definition:
SUBNOR'MAL, n. [L. sub and norma, a rule.]  A subperpendicular, or a line under the perpendicular to a curve.


Topic: Subordinacy
Definition:
SUBOR'DINACY, n. [See Subordinate.]
1.  The state of being subordinate or subject to control; as, to bring the imagination to act in subordinacy to reason.
2.  Series of subordination.  [Little used.]


Topic: Subordinate
Definition:
SUBOR'DINATE, a. [L. sub and ordinatus, from ordo, order.]
1.  Inferior in order,in nature, in dignity, in power, importance, &c.; as subordinate officers.
 It was subordinate, not enslaved, to the understanding.
2.  Descending in a regular series.
 The several kinds and subordinate species of each, are easily distinguished.
SUBOR'DINATE, v.t.  To place in order or rank below something else; to make or consider as of less value or importance; as, to subordinate one creature to another; to subordinate temporal to spiritual things.
1.  To make subject; as, to subordinate the passions to reason.


Topic: Subordinately
Definition:
SUBOR'DINATELY, adv.  In a lower rank or of inferior importance.
1.  In a series regularly descending.


Topic: Subordination
Definition:
SUBORDINA'TION, n.  [See Subordinate.]
1.  The state of being inferior to another; inferiority of rank or dignity.
2.  A series regularly descending.
 Natural creatures having a local subordination--
3.  Place of rank among inferiors.
 --Persons, who in their several subordinations would be obliged to follow the example of their superiors.
4.  Subjection; state of being under control or government.
 The most glorious military achievements would be a calamity and a curse, if purchased at the expense of habits of subordination and love of order.


Topic: Suborn
Definition:
SUBORN', v.t. [L. suborno; sub and orno.  The sense of orno, in this word, and the primary sense, is to put on, to furnish.  Hence suborno, to furnish privately, that is, to bribe.]
1.  In law, to procure a person to take such a false oath as constitutes perjury.
2.  To procure privately or by collusion.
 Or else thou art suborn'd against his honor.
3.  To procure by indirect means.
 Those who by despair suborn their death.


Topic: Subornation
Definition:
SUBORNA'TION, n.  In law, the crime of procuring a person to take such a false oath as constitutes perjury.
1.  The crime of procuring one to do a criminal or bad action.


Topic: Subpena
Definition:
SUBPE'NA, n. [L. sub and poena, pain, penalty.]
A writ commanding the attendance in court of the person on whom it is served; as witnesses, &c.
SUBPE'NA, v.t.  To serve with a writ of subpena; to command attendance in court by a legal writ.


Topic: Subprior
Definition:
SUBPRI'OR, n. [sub and prior.]  The vicegerent of a prior; a claustral officer who assists the prior.


Topic: Subreption
Definition:
SUBREP'TION, n. [L. subreptio, from subrepo, to creep under.]
The act of obtaining a favor by surprise or unfair representation, that is, by suppression or fraudulent concealment of facts.


Topic: Subreptitious
Definition:
SUBREPTI'TIOUS, a. [L. surreptitius, supra.]  Falsely crept in; fraudulently obtained.  [See Surreptitious.]


Topic: Subrogation
Definition:
SUBROGA'TION, n.  In the civil law,the substituting of one person in the place of another and giving him his rights.


Topic: Subsalt
Definition:
SUB'SALT, n.  A salt with less acid than is sufficient to neutralize its radicals; or a salt having an excess of the base.


Topic: Subscapular
Definition:
SUBSCAP'ULAR, a. [L. sub and scapula.]  The subscapular artery
is the large branch of the axillary artery, which rises near the lowest margin of the scapula.


Topic: Subscribe
Definition:
SUBSCRI'BE, v.t. [L. subscribo; sub and scribo, to write.]
1.  To sign with one's own hand; to give consent to something written, or to bind one's self by writing one's name beneath; as, parties subscribe a covenant or contract; a man subscribes a bond or articles of agreement.
2.  To attest by writing one's name beneath; as, officers subscribe their official acts; and secretaries and clerks subscribe copies of records.
3.  To promise to give by writing one's name; as, each man subscribed ten dollars or ten shillings.
4.  To submit.  [Not in use.]
SUBSCRI'BE, v.i.  To promise to give a certain sum by setting one's name to a paper.  The paper was offered and many subscribed.
1.  To assent; as, I could not subscribe to his opinion.


Topic: Subscribed
Definition:
SUBSCRI'BED, pp.  Having a name or names written underneath.  The petition is subscribed by two thousand persons.
1.  Promised by writing the name and sum.
A large sum is subscribed.


Topic: Subscriber
Definition:
SUBSCRI'BER, n.  One who subscribes; one who contributes to an undertaking by subscribing.
1.  One who enters his name for a paper, book, map and the like.


Topic: Subscribing
Definition:
SUBSCRI'BING, ppr.  Writing one's name underneath; assenting to or attesting by writing the name beneath; entering one's name as a purchaser.


Topic: Subscription
Definition:
SUBSCRIP'TION, n. [L. subscriptio.]  Any thing, particularly a paper,with names subscribed.
1.  The act of subscribing or writing one's name underneath; name subscribed; signature.
2.  Consent or attestation given by underwriting the name.
3.  The act of contributing to any undertaking.
4.  Sum subscribed; amount of sums subscribed. We speak of an individual subscription, or of the whole subscription to a fund.
5.  Submission; obedience.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Subsection
Definition:
SUBSEC'TION, n. [L. sub and sectio.]  The part or division of a section; a subdivision; the section of a section.


Topic: Subsequence
Definition:
SUB'SEQUENCE, n. [L. subsequor, subsequens; sub and sequor, to follow.]  A following; a state of coming after something.


Topic: Subsequent
Definition:
SUB'SEQUENT, a. [L. subsequens, supra.]
1.  Following in time; coming or being after something else at any time, indefinitely; as subsequent events; subsequent ages or years; a period long subsequent to the foundation of Rome.
2.  Following in the order of place or succession; succeeding; as a subsequent clause in a treaty.  What is obscure in a passage may be illustrated by subsequent words.


Topic: Subsequently
Definition:
SUB'SEQUENTLY, adv.  At a later time; in time after something else.  Nothing was done at the first meeting; what was subsequently transacted, I do not know.
1.  After something else in order.  These difficulties will be subsequently explained.


Topic: Subserve
Definition:
SUBSERVE, v.t. subserv.' [L. subservio; sub and servio, to serve.]
To serve in subordination; to serve instrumentally. In most engines, we make the laws of matter subserve the purposes of art.
 Not made to rule,
 But to subserve where wisdom bears command.


Topic: Subservient
Definition:
SUBSERV'IENT, a. [L. subserviens.]  Useful as an instrument to promote a purpose;serving to promote some end.
 Hammond had an incredible dexterity, scarcely ever reading any thing which he did not make subservient in one kind or other.
1.  Subordinate; acting as a subordinate instrument.  These are the creatures of God, subordinate to him, and subservient to his will.
 These ranks of creatures are subservient one to another.


Topic: Subside
Definition:
SUBSI'DE, v.i. [L. subsido; sub and sido, to settle.  See Set.]
1.  To sink or fall to the bottom; to settle; as lees.
2.  To fall into a state of quiet; to cease to rage; to be calmed; to become tranquil.  Let the passions subside.  The tumults of war will subside.  Christ commanded, and the storm subsided.
3.  To tend downwards; to sink; as a subsiding hill.  The land subsides into a plain.
4.  To abate; to be reduced.
 In cases of danger, pride and envy naturally subside.


Topic: Subsidiary
Definition:
SUBSID'IARY, a. [L. subsidiarius.  See Subsidy.]
1.  Aiding; assistant; furnishing help.  Subsidiary troops are troops of one nation hired by another for military service.
2.  Furnishing additional supplies; as a subsidiary stream.
SUBSID'IARY, n.  An assistant; an auxiliary; he or that which contributes aid or additional supplies.


Topic: Subsidize
Definition:
SUB'SIDIZE, v.t. [from subsidy.]  To furnish with a subsidy; to purchase the assistance of another by the payment of a subsidy to him.  Great Britain subsidized some of the German powers in the late war with France.


Topic: Subsidy
Definition:
SUB'SIDY, n. [L. subsidium, from subsido, literally to be or sit under or by.]
1.  Aid in money; supply given; a tax;something furnished for aid, as by the people to their prince; as the subsidies granted formerly to the kings of England.
 Subsidies were a tax, not immediately on property,but on persons in respect of their reputed estates, after the nominal rate of 4s. the pound for lands, and 2s. 8d. for goods.
2.  A sum of money paid by one prince or nation to another, to purchase the service of auxiliary troops, or the aid of such foreign prince in a war against an enemy.  Thus Great Britain paid subsidies to Austria and Prussia, to engage them to resist the progress of the French.


Topic: Subsign
Definition:
SUBSIGN, v.t. subsi'ne. [L. subsigno; sub and signo, to sign.]
To sign under; to write beneath.  [Little used.]


Topic: Subsist
Definition:
SUBSIST', v.i. [L. subsisto; sub and sisto, to stand, to be fixed.]
1.  To be; to have existence; applicable to matter or spirit.
2.  To continue; to retain the present state.
 Firm we subsist, but possible to swerve.
3.  To live; to be maintained with food and clothing.  How many of the human race subsist on the labors of others!  How many armies have subsisted on plunder!
4.  To inhere; to have existence by means of something else; as qualities that subsist in substances.
SUBSIST', v.t.  To feed; to maintain; to support with provisions.  The king subsisted his troops on provisions plundered from the enemy.


Topic: Subsistent
Definition:
SUBSIST'ENT, a. [L. subsistens.]  Having real being; as a subsistent spirit.
1.  Inherent; as qualities subsistent in matter.


Topic: Subsoil
Definition:
SUB'SOIL, n. [sub and soil.]  The bed or stratum of earth which lies between the surface soil and the base on which they rest.


Topic: Substance
Definition:
SUB'STANCE, n. [L. substantia, substo; sub and sto, to stand.]
1.  In a general sense, being; something existing by itself; that which really is or exists; equally applicable to matter or spirit. Thus the soul of man is called an immaterial substance, a cogitative substance, a substance endued with thought. We say, a stone is a hard substance, tallow is a soft substance.
2.  That which supports accidents.
 That which subsists by itself is called substance; that which subsists in and by another, is called a mode or manner of being.
3.  The essential part; the main or material part.  In this epitome, we have the substance of the whole book.
 This edition is the same in substance with the Latin.
4.  Something real, not imaginary; something solid, not empty.
 Heroic virtue did his actions guide,
 And he the substance, not th' appearance chose.
5.  Body; corporeal nature or matter.
 The qualities of plants are more various than those of animal substances.
6.  Goods; estate; means of living.  Job's substance was seven thousand sheep, three thousand camels, &c.  Job 1.
 We are--exhausting our substance, but not for our own interest.


Topic: Substantial
Definition:
SUBSTAN'TIAL, a.  Belonging to substance; real; actually existing.
 If this atheist would have his chance to be a real and substantial agent, he is more stupid than the vulgar.
1.  Real; solid; true; not seeming or imaginary.
 If happiness be a substantial good.
 The substantial ornaments of virtue.
2.  Corporeal; material.
 The rainbow appears like a substantial arch in the sky.
3.  Having substance; strong; stout; solid; as substantial cloth; a substantial fence or gate.
4.  Possessed of goods or estate; responsible; moderately wealthy; as a substantial freeholder or farmer; a substantial citizen.


Topic: Substantiality
Definition:
SUBSTANTIAL'ITY, n.  The state of real existence.
1.  Corporeity; materiality.
 The soul is a stranger to such gross substantiality.


Topic: Substantially
Definition:
SUBSTAN'TIALLY, adv.  In the manner of a substance; with reality of existence.
 In him his Father shone, substantially express'd.
1.  Strongly; solidly.
2.  Truly; solidly; really.
 The laws of this religion would make men, if they would truly observe them substantially religious towards God, chaste and temperate.
3.  In substance; in the main; essentially.  
This answer is substantially the same as that before given.
4.  With competent goods or estate.


Topic: Substantialness
Definition:
SUBSTAN'TIALNESS, n.  The state of being substantial.
1.  Firmness; strength; power of holding or lasting; as the substantialness of a wall or column.


Topic: Substantiate
Definition:
SUBSTAN'TIATE, v.t.  To make to exist.
1.  To establish by proof or competent evidence; to verify; to make good, as, to substantiate a charge or allegation; to substantiate a declaration.


Topic: Substantive
Definition:
SUB'STANTIVE, a.  Betokening existence; as the substantive verb.
1.  Solid; depending on itself.  [Not in use.]
SUB'STANTIVE, n.  In grammar, a noun or name; the part of speech which expresses something that exists, either material or immaterial.  Thus man, horse, city, goodness, excellence, are substantives.  [Better called name, L. nomen, or even noun, a corruption of nomen.]


Topic: Substantively
Definition:
SUB'STANTIVELY, adv. In substance; essentially.
1.  In grammar, as a name or noun.  An adjective or pronoun may be used substantively.


Topic: Substitute
Definition:
SUB'STITUTE, v.t. [L. substituo; sub and statuo, to set.]
To put in the place of another.
  Some few verses are inserted or substituted in the room of others.
SUB'STITUTE, n.  One person put in the place of another to answer the same purpose.  A person may be a substitute with full powers to act for another in an office. Representatives in legislation are the substitutes of their constituents.  The orthodox creed of christians is that Christ dies as the substitute of sinners.
1.  One thing put in the place of another.  If you have not one medicine, use another as its substitute.


Topic: Substitution
Definition:
SUBSTITU'TION, n.  The act of putting one person or thing in the place of another to supply its place; as the substitution of an agent, attorney or representative to act for one in his absence; the substitution of bank notes for gold and silver, as a circulating medium.
1.  In grammar, syllepsis, or the use of one word for another.


Topic: Substract
Definition:
SUBSTRACT', v.t. [L. subtraho, subractum.]  To subtract.
Note.--Substract was formerly used in analogy with abstract.  But in modern usage, it is written according to the Latin, subtract.  See this word and its derivatives.


Topic: Substraction
Definition:
SUBSTRAC'TION, n.  In law, the withdrawing or withholding of some right.  Thus the substraction of conjugal rights, is when either the husband or wife withdraws from the other and lives separate.  The substraction of a legacy, is the withholding or detaining of it from the legatee by the executor.  In like manner, the withholding of any service, rent, duty or custom, is a substraction, for which the law gives a remedy.


Topic: Substratum
Definition:
SUBSTRA'TUM, n. [L. substratus, spread under; sub and sterno.]
1.  That which is laid or spread under; a layer of earth lying under another.  In agriculture, the subsoil.
2.  In metaphysics, the matter or substance supposed to furnish the basis in which the perceptible qualities inhere.


Topic: Substylar
Definition:
SUBSTY'LAR, a. In dialing, the substylar line, is a right line on which the gnomon or style is erected at right angles with the plane.


Topic: Subsultory
Definition:
SUBSULT'ORY, a. [from L. subsultus, a leap, from subsulto; sub and salio.]  Bounding; leaping; moving by sudden leaps or starts, or by twitches.


Topic: Subtangent
Definition:
SUBTAN'GENT, n.  In geometry, the part of the axis contained between the ordinate and tangent drawn to the same point in a curve.


Topic: Subtend
Definition:
SUBTEND', v.t. [L. sub and tendo, to stretch.]  To extend under; as the line of a triangle which subtends the right angle; to subtend the chord of an arch.  A line from the eye to a planet, subtends an angle of 40 degrees with the horizon.


Topic: Subterfuge
Definition:
SUB'TERFUGE, n. [L. subter and fugio, to flee.]  Literally, that to which a person resorts for escape or concealment; hence, a shift; an evasion; an artifice employed to escape censure or the force of an argument, or to justify opinions or conduct.
 Affect not little shifts and subterfuges, to avoid the force of an argument.


Topic: Subtil
Definition:
SUB'TIL, a. [L. subtilis.  This word is often written subtle, but less properly.]
1.  Thin; not dense or gross; as subtil air; subtil vapor; a subtil medium.
2.  Nice; fine; delicate.
 I do distinguish plain
 Each subtil line of her immortal face.
3.  Acute; piercing; as subtil pain.
4.  Sly; artful; cunning; crafty; insinuating; as a subtil person; a subtil adversary.
5.  Planned by art; deceitful; as a subtil scheme.
6.  Deceitful; treacherous.
7.  Refined; fine; acute; as a subtil argument.


Topic: Subtilization
Definition:
SUBTILIZA'TION, n. [from subtilize.]
1.  The act of making subtil, fine or thin.  In the laboratory, the operation of making so volatile as to rise in steam or vapor.
2.  Refinement; extreme acuteness.


Topic: Subtilize
Definition:
SUB'TILIZE, v.t. [L. subtilis.]
1.  To make thin or fine; to make less gross or coarse.
2.  To refine; to spin into niceties; as, to subtilize arguments.
SUB'TILIZE, v.i.  To refine in argument; to make very nice distinctions.
 In whatever manner the papist might subtilize--


Topic: Subtilly
Definition:
SUB'TILLY, adv.  Thinly; not densely.
1.  Finely; not grossly or thickly.
 The opakest bodies, if subtilly divided--become perfectly transparent.
2.  Artfully; cunningly; craftily; as a scheme subtilly contrived.


Topic: Subtilness
Definition:
SUB'TILNESS, n.  Thinness; rareness; as the subtilness of air.
1.  Fineness; acuteness; as the subtilness of an argument.
2.  Cunning; artfulness; as the subtilness of a foe.


Topic: Subtilty
Definition:
SUB'TILTY, n. [L. subtilitas.]
1.  Thinness; fineness; exility; in a physical sense; as the subtilty of air or light; the subtilty of sounds.
2.  Refinement; extreme acuteness.
 Intelligible discourses are spoiled by too much subtilty in nice divisions.
3.  Slyness in design; cunning; artifice; usually but less properly written subtlety.


Topic: Subtle
Definition:
SUB'TLE, a.  [See Subtil.]  Sly in design; artful; cunning; insinuating; applied to persons; as a subtle foe.
1.  Cunningly devised; as a subtle stratagem.


Topic: Subtly
Definition:
SUB'TLY, adv. Slyly; artfully; cunningly.
 Thou seest how subtly to detain thee I devise.
1.  Nicely; delicately.
 In the nice bee, what sense so subtly true.


Topic: Subtract
Definition:
SUBTRACT', v.t. [L. subtraho, subtractus; sub and traho, to draw.]
To withdraw or take a part from the rest; to deduct.  Subtract 5 from 9, and the remainder is 4.


Topic: Subtraction
Definition:
SUBTRAC'TION, n. [L. subtractio.]  The act or operation of taking a part from the rest.
1.  In arithmetic, the taking of a lesser number from a greater of the same kind or denomination; an operation by which is found the difference between two sums.


Topic: Subulate
Definition:
SUB'ULATE, a. [L. subula, an awl.]  In botany, shaped like an awl; awl-shaped.  A subulate leaf, is linear at the bottom, but gradually tapering towards the end.


Topic: Suburbs
Definition:
SUB'URBS, n. [L. suburbium; sub and urbs, a city.]
1.  A building without the walls of a city, but near them; or more generally, the parts that lie without the walls, but in the vicinity of a city.  The word may signify buildings, streets or territory.  We say, a house stands in the suburbs; a garden is situated in the suburbs of London or Paris.
2.  The confines; the out part.
 The suburb of their straw-built citadel.


Topic: Subvention
Definition:
SUBVEN'TION, n. [L. subvenio.] The act of coming under.
1.  The act of coming to relief; support; aid.  [Little used.]


Topic: Subversion
Definition:
SUBVER'SION, n. [L. subversio. See Subvert.]  Entire overthrow; an overthrow of the foundation; utter ruin; as the subversion of a government or state; the subversion of despotic power; the subversion of the constitution or laws; the subversion of an empire.


Topic: Subversive
Definition:
SUBVERS'IVE, a.  Tending to subvert; having a tendency to overthrow and ruin. Every immorality is subversive of private happiness.  Public corruption of morals is subversive of public happiness.


Topic: Subvert
Definition:
SUBVERT', v.t.  [L. subverto; sub and verto, to turn.]
1.  To overthrow from the foundation; to overturn; to ruin utterly.  The northern nations of Europe subverted the Roman empire.  He is the worst enemy of man, who endeavors to subvert the christian religion.  The elevation of corrupt men to office will slowly, but surely, subvert a republican government.
 This would subvert the principles of all knowledge.
2.  To corrupt; to confound; to pervert the mind, and turn it from the truth.  2 Tim.2.


Topic: Succedaneous
Definition:
SUCCEDA'NEOUS, a. [L. succedaneus; sub and cedo.]  Supplying the place of something else; being or employed as a substitute.


Topic: Succeeder
Definition:
SUCCEE'DER, n.  One that follows or comes in the place of another; a successor.  [But the latter word is generally used.]


Topic: Succeeding
Definition:
SUCCEE'DING, ppr.  Following in order; subsequent; coming after; as in all succeeding ages.  He attended to the business in every succeeding stage of its progress.
1.  Taking the place of another who has quitted the place, or is dead; as a son succeeding his father; an officer succeeding his predecessor.
2.  Giving success; prospering.
SUCCEE'DING, n.  The act or state of prospering or having success.  There is a good prospect of his succeeding.


Topic: Success
Definition:
SUCCESS', n. [L. successus, from succedo.]
1.  The favorable or prosperous termination of any thing attempted; a termination which answers the purpose intended; properly in a good sense, but often in a bad sense.
 Or teach with more success her son,
 The vices of the time to shun.
 Every reasonable man cannot but wish me success in this attempt.
 Be not discouraged in a laudable undertaking at the ill success of the first attempt.
 Military successes, above all others, elevate the minds of a people.
2.  Succession.  [Not in use.]
[Note.  Success without an epithet, generally means a prosperous issue.]


Topic: Successful
Definition:
SUCCESS'FUL, a.  Terminating in accomplishing what is wished or intended; having the desired effect; hence, in a good sense, prosperous; fortunate; happy; as a successful application of medicine; a successful experiment in chimistry or in agriculture; a successful enterprise.
1.  In a bad sense; as a successful attempt to subvert the constitution.


Topic: Successfully
Definition:
SUCCESS'FULLY, adv.  With a favorable termination of what is attempted; prosperously; favorably.
 A reformation successfully carried on--


Topic: Succession
Definition:
SUCCES'SION, n. [L. successio.]
1.  A following of things in order; consecution; series of things following one another, either in time or place.  Thus we speak of a succession of events in chronology, a succession of kings or bishops, and a succession of words or sentences.
2.  The act of succeeding or coming in the place of another; as, this happened after the succession of that prince to the throne.  So we speak of the succession of heirs to the estates of their ancestors, or collateral succession.
3.  Lineage; an order or series of descendants.
 A long succession must ensue.
4.  The power or right of coming to the inheritance of ancestors.  He holds the property by the title of succession.
 What people is so void of common sense,
 To vote succession from a native prince?
Succession of crops, in agriculture, is more generally called rotation.


Topic: Successive
Definition:
SUCCESS'IVE, a.
1.  Following in order or uninterrupted course, as a series of persons or things, and either in time or place; as the successive revolutions of years or ages; the successive kings of Egypt.  The author holds this strain of declamation through seven successive pages or chapters.
Send the successive ills through ages down.
2.  Inherited by succession; as a successive title; a successive empire.  [Little used.]


Topic: Successively
Definition:
SUCCESS'IVELY, adv.  In a series or order, one following another.  He left three sons, who all reigned successively.
 The whiteness at length changed successively into blue, indigo and violet.


Topic: Successless
Definition:
SUCCESS'LESS, a.  Having no success; unprosperous; unfortunate; failing to accomplish what was intended.
 Successless all her soft caresses prove.
 Best temper'd steel successless prov'd in field.


Topic: Successor
Definition:
SUCCESS'OR, n. [L.]  One that succeeds or follows; one that takes the place which another has left, and sustains the like part or character; correlative to predecessor; as the successor of a deceased king; the successor of a president or governor; a man's son and successor.
 A gift to a corporation, either of lands or of chattels, without naming their successors,vests an absolute property in them so long as the corporation subsists.


Topic: Succinct
Definition:
SUCCINCT', a. ]L. succinctus; sub and cingo, to surround.]
1.  Tucked up; girded up; drawn up to permit the legs to be free.
 Hib habit fit for speed succinct.  [Little used.]
2.  Compressed into a narrow compass; short; brief; concise; as a succinct account of the proceedings of the council.
 Let all your precepts be succinct and clear.


Topic: Succinite
Definition:
SUC'CINITE, n. [L. succinum, amber.]  A mineral of an amber color, considered as a variety of garnet.  It frequently occurs in globular or granular masses, about the size of a pea.


Topic: Succor
Definition:
SUC'COR, v.t.  [L. succurro; sub and curro, to run.]
Literally, to run to, or run to support; hence, to help or relieve when in difficulty, want or distress; to assist and deliver from suffering; as, to succor a besieged city; to succor prisoners.
 He is able to succor them that are tempted.  Heb.2.
SUC'COR, n.  Aid; help; assistance; particularly, assistance that relieves and delivers from difficulty, want or distress.
 My father
 Flying for succor to his servant Banister--
1.  The person or thing that brings relief.
 The city when pressed received succors from an unexpected quarter.
 The mighty succor which made glad the foe.


Topic: Succotash
Definition:
SUC'COTASH, n.  In America, a mixture of green maiz and beans boiled.  The dish, as well as the name, is borrowed from the native Indians.


Topic: Succulent
Definition:
SUC'CULENT, a. [L. succulentus, from succus, juice.]  Full of juice; juicy.  Succulent plants are such as have a juicy and soft stem, as distinguished from such as are ligneous,hard and dry.  Thus the grasses are succulent herbs, as are peas,beans and the like.


Topic: Succumb
Definition:
SUCCUMB', v.i. [L. succumbo; sub and cumbo, cubo, to lie down.]
1.  To yield; to submit; as, to succumb to a foreign power.
2.  To yield; to sink unresistingly; as, to succumb under calamities.


Topic: Succussion
Definition:
SUCCUS'SION, n. [L. succussio, from succusso, to shake; sub and quasso.]
1.  The act of shaking; a shake.
2.  In medicine, a shaking of the nervous parts by powerful stimulants.


Topic: Such
Definition:
SUCH, a.
1.  Of that kind; of the like kind.  We never saw such a day; we have never had such a time as the present.
It has as before the thing to which it relates.  Give your children such precepts as tend to make them wiser and better.
It is to be noted that the definitive adjective a, never precedes such, but is placed between it and the noun to which it refers; as such a man; such an honor.
2.  The same that.  This was the state of the kingdom at such time as the enemy landed.
3.  The same as what has been mentioned.
 That thou art happy, owe to God;
 That thou continu'st such, owe to thyself.
4.  Referring to what has been specified.  I have commanded my servant to be at such a place.
5.  Such and such, is used in reference to a person or place of a certain kind.
 The sovereign authority may enact a law, commanding such and such an action.


Topic: Suck
Definition:
SUCK, v.t. [L. sugo.]
1.  To draw with the mouth; to draw out, as a liquid from a cask, or milk from the breast; to draw into the mouth.  To suck is to exhaust the air of the mouth or of a tube; the fluid then rushes into the mouth or tube by means of the pressure of the surrounding air.
2.  To draw milk from with the mouth; as, the young of an animal sucks the mother or dam, or the breast.
3.  To draw into the mouth; to imbibe; as, to suck in air; to suck the juice of plants.
4.  To draw or drain.
 Old ocean suck'd through the porous globe.
5.  To draw in, as a whirlpool; to absorb.
6.  To inhale.
To suck in, to draw into the mouth; to imbibe; to absorb.
To suck out, to draw out with the mouth; to empty by suction.
To suck up, to draw into the mouth.
SUCK, v.i.  To draw by exhausting the air, as with the mouth, or with a tube.
1.  To draw the breast; as, a child, or the young of any animal, is first nourished by sucking.
2.  To draw in; to imbibe.
SUCK, n.  The act of drawing with the mouth.
1.  Milk drawn from the breast by the mouth.


Topic: Sucker
Definition:
SUCK'ER, n.  He or that which draws with the mouth.
1.  The embolus or piston of a pump.
2.  A pipe through which any thing is drawn.
3.  The shoot of a plant from the roots or lower part of the stem; so called perhaps from its drawing its nourishment from the root or stem.
4.  A fish, called also remora; also, a name of the Cyclopterus or lump-fish.
5.  The name of a common river fish in New England.
SUCK'ER, v.t.  To strip off shoots; to deprive of suckers; as, to sucker maiz.


Topic: Suckle
Definition:
SUCK'LE, n. A teat.  [Not in use.]
SUCK'LE, v.t.  To give suck to; to nurse at the breast.  Romulus and Remus are fabled to have been suckled by a wolf.


Topic: Suckling
Definition:
SUCK'LING, ppr. Nursing at the breast.
SUCK'LING, n.  A young child or animal nursed at the breast. Ps.8.
1.  A sort of white clover.


Topic: Suction
Definition:
SUC'TION, n.  The act of sucking or drawing into the mouth, as fluids.
1. The act of drawing, as fluids into a pipe or other thing.


Topic: Sudatory
Definition:
SU'DATORY, n. [L. sudatorium, from sudo, to sweat.]
A hot house; a sweating bath.
SU'DATORY, a.  Sweating.


Topic: Sudden
Definition:
SUD'DEN, a. [L. subitaneus.]
1.  Happening without previous notice; coming unexpectedly, or without the common preparatives.
 And sudden fear troubleth thee.  Job.22.
 For when they shall say, peace and safety, then sudden destruction cometh upon them. 1 Thess.5.
2.  Hasty; violent; rash; precipitate; passionate.  [Not in use.]
SUD'DEN, n.  An unexpected occurrence; surprise.  [Not in use.]

On a sudden, sooner than was expected; without the usual preparatives.
 How art thou lost, how on a sudden lost!
[Of a sudden, is not usual, and is less elegant.]


Topic: Suddenly
Definition:
SUD'DENLY, adv.  In an unexpected manner; unexpectedly; hastily; without preparation.
 Therefore his calamity shall come suddenly.  Prov.6.
1.  Without premeditation.


Topic: Suddenness
Definition:
SUD'DENNESS, n.  State of being sudden; a coming or happening without previous notice.  The suddenness of the event precluded preparation.


Topic: Sudorific
Definition:
SUDORIF'IC, a. [L. sudor, sweat,and facio, to make.]sweat; exciting perspiration; as sudorific herbs.
SUDORIF'IC, n.  A medicine that produces sweat or sensible perspiration.


Topic: Suds
Definition:
SUDS, n. sing.  Water impregnated with soap.
To be in the suds, to be in turmoil or difficulty; a familiar phrase.


Topic: Sue
Definition:
SUE, v.t. su. [L. sequor.  See Seek and Essay.]
1.  To seek justice or right from one by legal process; to institute process in law against one; to prosecute in a civil action for the recovery of a real or supposed right; as, to sue one for debt; to sue one for damages in trespass. Matt.5.
2.  To gain by legal process.
3.  To clean the beak, as a hawk; a term of falconry.
To sue out, to petition for and take out; or to apply for and obtain; as, to sue out a writ in chancery; to sue out a pardon for a criminal.
SUE, v.i.  To prosecute; to make legal claim; to seek for in law; as, to sue for damages.
1.  To seek by request; to apply for; to petition; to entreat.
 By adverse destiny constrain'd to sue
 For counsel and redress, he sues to you.
2.  To make interest for; to demand.
 Caesar come to Rome to sue for the double honor of a triumph and the consulship.


Topic: Suffer
Definition:
SUF'FER, v.t.[L. suffero; sub, under, and fero, to bear; as we say, to undergo.]
1.  To feel or bear what is painful, disagreeable or distressing, either to the body or mind; to undergo.  We suffer pain of body; we suffer grief of mind. The criminal suffers punishment; the sinner suffers the pangs of conscience in this life, and is condemned to suffer the wrath of an offended God.  We often suffer wrong; we suffer abuse; we suffer injustice.
2. To endure; to support; to sustain; not to sink under.
 Our spirit and strength entire,
 Strongly to suffer and support our pains.
3.  To allow; to permit; not to forbid or hinder.  Will you suffer yourself to be insulted?
 I suffer them to enter and possess.
 Thou shalt in any wise rebuke thy neighbor, and not suffer sin upon him.  Lex.19.
4.  To undergo; to be affected by.  Substances suffer an entire change by the action of fire, or by entering into new combinations.
5.  To sustain; to be affected by; as, to suffer loss or damage.
SUF'FER,v.i.  To feel or undergo pain of body or mind; to bear what is inconvenient.  We suffer with pain, sickness or sorrow.  We suffer with anxiety. We suffer by evils past and by anticipating others to come. We suffer from fear and from disappointed hopes.
1.  To undergo, as punishment.
 The father was first condemned to suffer on a day appointed,and the son afterwards, the day following.
2.  To be injured; to sustain loss or damage.  A building suffers for want of seasonable repairs.  It is just that we should suffer for neglect of duty.
 Public business suffers by private infirmities.


Topic: Sufferance
Definition:
SUF'FERANCE, n.  The bearing of pain; endurance; pain endured; misery.
 He must not only die,
 But thy unkindness shall the death draw out
 To ling'ring sufferance.
1.  Patience; moderation; a bearing with patience.
 But hasty heat temp'ring with sufferance wise.
2.  Toleration; permission; allowance; negative consent by not forbidding or hindering.
 In process of time, sometimes by sufferance, sometimes by special leave and favor, they erected to themselves oratories.
 In their beginning, they are weak and wan,
 But soon through sufferance grow to fearful end.
An estate at sufferance, in law, is where a person comes into possession of land by lawful title, but keeps it after the title ceases, without positive leave of the owner.


Topic: Sufferer
Definition:
SUF'FERER, n.  One who endures or undergoes pain, either of body or mind; one who sustains inconvenience or loss; as suffers by poverty or sickness. Men are sufferers by fire or losses at sea; they are sufferers by the ravages of an enemy; still more are they sufferers by their own vices and follies.
1.  One that permits or allows.


Topic: Suffering
Definition:
SUF'FERING, ppr.  Bearing; undergoing pain, inconvenience or damage; permitting; allowing.
SUF'FERING, n.  The bearing of pain, inconvenience or loss; pain endured; distress, loss or injury incurred; as sufferings by pain or sorrow; sufferings by want or by wrongs.


Topic: Suffice
Definition:
SUFFICE, v.i. suffi'ze.  [L. sufficio; sub and facio.]
To be enough or sufficient; to be equal to the end proposed.
 To recount Almighty works
 What words or tongue of seraph can suffice?
SUFFICE, v.t. suffi'ze.  To satisfy; to content; to be equal to the wants or demands of.
 Let it suffice thee; speak no more to me of this matter. Deut.3.
 Lord, show us the Father, and it sufficeth us. John 14. Ruth 2.
1.  To afford; to supply.
 The pow'r appeas'd, with wind suffic'd the sail.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Sufficiency
Definition:
SUFFI'CIENCY, n.  The state of being adequate to the end proposed.
 His sufficiency is such, that he bestows and possesses, his plenty being unexhausted.
1.  Qualification for any purpose.
 I am not so confident of my own sufficiency as not willingly to admit the counsel of others.
2.  Competence; adequate substance or means.
 An elegant sufficiency, content.
3.  Supply equal to wants; ample stock or fund.
4.  Ability; adequate power.
 Our sufficiency is of God.  2 Cor.3.
5.  Conceit; self-confidence.  [See Self-sufficiency.]


Topic: Sufficient
Definition:
SUFFI'CIENT, a. [L. sufficiens.]  Enough; equal to the end proposed; adequate to wants; competent; as provision sufficient for the family; water sufficient for the voyage; an army sufficient to defend the country.
 My grace is sufficient for thee.  2 Cor.12.
1.  Qualified; competent; possessing adequate talents or accomplishments; as a man sufficient for an office.
2.  Fit; able; of competent power or ability.
 Who is sufficient for these things?  2 Cor.2.


Topic: Sufficiently
Definition:
SUFFI'CIENTLY, adv.  To a sufficient degree; enough; to a degree that answers the purpose, or gives content; as, we are sufficiently supplied with food and clothing; a man sufficiently qualified for the discharge of his official duties.


Topic: Suffix
Definition:
SUF'FIX, n. [L. suffixus, suffigo; sub and figo, to fix.]
A letter or syllable added or annexed to the end of a word.


Topic: Suffocate
Definition:
SUF'FOCATE, v.t. [L. suffoco; sub and focus, or its root.]
1.  To choke or kill by stopping respiration.  Respiration may be stopped by the interception of air, as in hanging and strangling, or by the introduction of smoke, dust or mephitic air into the lungs.  Men may be suffocated by the halter; or men may be suffocated in smoke or in carbonic acid gas, as in mines and wells.
 And let not hemp his windpipe suffocate.
2.  To stifle; to destroy; to extinguish; as, to suffocate fire or live coals.
 A swelling discontent is apt to suffocate and strangle without passage.
SUF'FOCATE, a. Suffocated.


Topic: Suffocation
Definition:
SUFFOCA'TION, n.  The act of choking or stifling; a stopping of respiration, either by intercepting the passage of air to and from the lungs, or by inhaling smoke, dust or air that is not respirable.
1.  The act of stifling, destroying or extinguishing.


Topic: Suffragan
Definition:
SUF'FRAGAN, a. [L. suffragans, assisting; suffragor,to vote for, to favor.]   Assisting; as a suffragan bishop.
SUF'FRAGAN, n.  A bishop, considered as an assistant to his metropolitan; or rather, an assistant bishop.  By 26 Hen.VIII. suffragans are to be denominated from some principal place in the diocese of the prelate whom they are to assist.


Topic: Suffrage
Definition:
SUF'FRAGE, n.[L. suffragium.]
1.  A vote; a voice given in deciding a controverted question, or in the choice of a man for an office or trust.  Nothing can be more grateful to a good man than to be elevated to office by the unbiased suffrages of free enlightened citizens.
 Lactantius and St. Austin confirm by their suffrages the observation made by heathen writers.
2.  United voice of persons in public prayer.
3.  Aid; assistance; A Latinism.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Suffruticous
Definition:
SUFFRU'TICOUS, a. [L. sub and fruticosus; frutex, a shrub.] 
In botany, under-shrubby, or part shrubby; permanent or woody at the base, but the yearly branches decaying; as sage, thyme,hyssop, &c.


Topic: Suffumigate
Definition:
SUFFU'MIGATE, v.t. [L. suffumigo.]  To apply fumes or smoke to the internal parts of the body, as in medicine.


Topic: Suffumigation
Definition:
SUFFUMIGA'TION, n.  Fumigation; the operation of smoking any thing, or rather of applying fumes to the internal parts of the body.
1.  A term applied to all medicines that are received into the body in the form of fumes.


Topic: Suffuse
Definition:
SUFFU'SE, v.t. suffi'ze. [L.suffusus, suffundo; sub and fundo, to pour.]  To overspread, as with a fluid or tincture; as eyes suffused with tears; cheeks suffused with blushes.
 When purple light shall next suffuse the skies.


Topic: Suffusion
Definition:
SUFFU'SION, n. [L. suffusio.]
1. The act or operation of overspreading, as with a fluid or with a color.
2.  The state of being suffused or spread over.
 To those that have the jaundice or like suffusion of eyes, objects appear of that color.
3.  That which is suffused or spread over.


Topic: Sugar
Definition:
SUGAR, n. SHUG'AR. [L. saccharum.]
1.  A well known substance manufactured chiefly from the sugar cane, arundo saccharifera; but in the United States, great quantities of this article are made from the sugar maple; and in France, a few years since, it was extensively manufactured from the beet.  The saccharine liquor is concentrated by boiling, which expels the water; lime is added to neutralize the acid that is usually present; the gresser impurities rise to the surface, and are separated in the form of scum; and finally as the liquor cools,the sugar separates from the melasses in grains.  The sirup or melasses is drained off, leaving the sugar in the state known in commerce by the name of raw or muscovado sugar.  This is farther purified by means of clay, or more extensively by bullocks' blood, which forming a coagulum, envelops the impurities.  Thus clarified, it takes the names of lump, loaf, refined, &c. according to the different degrees of purification.  Sugar is a proximate element of the vegetable kingdom, and is found in most ripe fruits and many farinaceous roots.  By fermentation, sugar is converted into alcohol, and hence forms the basis of those substances which are used for making intoxicating liquors, as melasses, grapes, apples, malt, &c.
The ultimate elements of sugar are oxygen, carbon and hydrogen.  Of all vegetable principles, it is considered by Dr. Rush as the most wholesome and nutritious.
2.  A chimical term; as the sugar of lead.
SUGAR, v.t. SHUG'AR.  To impregnate, season, cover, sprinkle or mix with sugar.
1.  To sweeten.
 But flattery still in sugar'd words betrays.
Sugar of lead, acetate of lead.


Topic: Sugar-candy
Definition:
SUGAR-CANDY, n. [sugar and candy.]  Sugar clarified and concreted or crystallized, in which state it becomes transparent.


Topic: Sugar-mite
Definition:
SUG'AR-MITE, n. [sugar and mite.]  A winged insect; lepisma.
 The lepisma saccharina, is an apterous or wingless insect, covered with silvery scales.


Topic: Sugary
Definition:
SUG'ARY, a.  Tinctured or sweetened with sugar; sweet; tasting like sugar.
1.  Fond of sugar, or of sweet things.
2.  Containing sugar.
3.  Like sugar.


Topic: Suggest
Definition:
SUG'GEST, v.t. [L. suggero,suggestus; sub and gero.]
1.  To hint; to intimate or mention in the first instance; as, to suggest a new mode of cultivation; to suggest a different scheme or measure; to suggest a new idea.
2.  To offer to the mind or thoughts.
 Some ideas are suggested to the mind by all the ways of sensation and reflection.
3.  To seduce; to draw to ill by insinuation.
 Knowing that tender youth is soon suggested.  [Not in use.]
4.  To inform secretly.
 We must suggest the people.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Suggestion
Definition:
SUGGES'TION, n.  A hint; a first intimation, proposal or mention. The measure was adopted at the suggestion of an eminent philosopher.
1.  Presentation of an idea to the mind; as the suggestions of fancy or imagination; the suggestions of conscience.
2.  Insinuation; secret notification or incitement.
3.  In law, information without oath.


Topic: Suicide
Definition:
SU'ICIDE, n. [L. suicidium; se and coedo, to slay.]
1.  Self-murder; the act of designedly destroying one's own life.  To constitute suicide, the person must be of years of discretion and of sound mind.
2.  One guilty of self-murder; a felo de se.


Topic: Suing
Definition:
SU'ING, ppr. of sue.  Prosecuting.
SU'ING, n. [L. sudo.]  The process of soaking through any thing.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Suit
Definition:
SUIT, n. [L. sequor.]  See Seek. In Law Latin, secta is from the same source.]   Literally, a following; and so used in the old English statutes.
1.  Consecution; succession; series; regular order; as the same kind and suit of weather.  [Not now so applied.]
2.  A set; a number of things used together, and in a degree necessary to be united, in order to answer the purpose; as a suit of curtains; a suit of armor; sometimes with less dependence of the particular parts on each other, but still united in use; as a suit of clothes; a suit of apartments.
3.  A set of the same kind or stamp, as a suit of cards.
4.  Retinue; a company or number of attendants or followers; attendance; train; as a nobleman and his suit.  [This is sometimes pronounced as a French word, sweet; but in all its senses, this is the same word, and the affectation of making it French in one use and English in another, is improper, not to say ridiculous.]
5.  A petition; a seeking for something by petition or application.
 Many shall make suit to thee.  Job 11.
6.  Solicitation of a woman in marriage; courtship.
7.  In law, an action or process for the recovery of a right or claim; legal application to a court for justice; prosecution of right before any tribunal; as a civil suit; a criminal suit; a suit in chancery.
 In England, the several suits or remedial instruments of justice, are distinguished into three kinds, actions personal, real, and mixed.
8.  Pursuit; prosecution; chase.
Suit and service, in feudal law, the duty of feudatories to attend the courts of their lords or superiors in time of peace, and in war, to follow them and perform military service.
To bring suit, a phrase in law, denoting literally to bring secta, followers or witnesses to prove the plaintif's demand.  The phrase is antiquated, or rather it has changed its signification; for to bring a suit, now is to institute an action.
Out of suits, having no correspondence.
Suit-covenant, in law, is a covenant to sue at a certain court.
Suit-court, in law, the court in which tenants owe attendance to their lord.
SUIT, v.t.  To fit; to adapt; to make proper.  Suit the action to the word.  Suit the gestures to the passion to be expressed.  Suit the style to the subject.
1.  To become; to be fitted to.
 Ill suits his cloth the praise of railing well.
 Raise her notes to that sublime degree,
 Which suits a song of piety and thee.
2.  To dress; to clothe.
 Such a Sebastian was by brother too,
 So went he suited to his watery tomb.
3.  To please; to make content.  He is well suited with his place.
SUIT, v.i.  To agree; to accord; as, to suit with; to suit to.  Pity suits with a noble nature.
 Give me not an office
 That suits with me so ill--
 The place itself was suiting to his care.
[The use of with, after suit, is now most frequent.]


Topic: Suitable
Definition:
SUITABLE, a.  Fitting; according with; agreeable to; proper; becoming; as ornaments suitable to one's character and station; language suitable to the subject.
1.  Adequate. We cannot make suitable returns for divine mercies.


Topic: Suitableness
Definition:
SUITABLENESS, n.  Fitness; propriety; agreeableness; a state of being adapted or accommodated.  Consider the laws, and their suitableness to our moral state.


Topic: Suitor
Definition:
SUITOR, n.  One that sues or prosecutes a demand of right in law, as a plaintiff, petitioner or appellant.
1.  One who attends a court, whether plaintiff, defendant, petitioner, appellant, witness, juror and the like.  These, in legal phraseology, are all included in the word suitors.
2.  A petitioner; an applicant.
 She hath been a suitor to me for her brother.
3.  One who solicits a woman in marriage; a wooer; a lover.


Topic: Sulky
Definition:
SUL'KY, a.  Sullen; sour; heavy; obstinate; morose.
 While these animals remain in their inclosures, they are sulky.
SUL'KY, n.  A carriage for a single person.


Topic: Sullen
Definition:
SUL'LEN, a. [perhaps set, fixed, and allied to silent, sill, &c.]
1.  Gloomily angry and silent; cross; sour; affected with ill humor.
 And sullen I forsook th' imperfect feast.
2.  Mischievous; malignant.
 Such sullen planets at my birth did shine.
3.  Obstinate; intractable.
 Things are as sullen as we are.
4.  Gloomy; dark; dismal.
 Why are thine eyes fix'd to the sullen earth?
 Night with her sullen wings.
 No cheerful breeze this sullen region knows.
5.  Heavy; dull; sorrowful.
 Be thou the trumpet of our wrath,
 And sullen presage of your own decay.


Topic: Sullenness
Definition:
SUL'LENNESS, n.  Ill nature with silence; silent moroseness; gloominess; malignity; intractableness.


Topic: Sully
Definition:
SUL'LY, v.t.
1.  To soil; to dirt; to spot; to tarnish.
 And statues sullied yet with sacrilegious smoke.
2.  To tarnish; to darken.
 Let there be no spots to sully the brightness of this solemnity.
3.  To stain; to tarnish; as the purity of reputation; as virtues sullied by slanders; character sullied by infamous vices.
SUL'LY, v.i.  To be soiled or tarnished.
 Silvering will sully and canker more than gilding.
SUL'LY, n.  Soil, tarnish; spot.
 A noble and triumphant merit breaks through little spots and sullies on his reputation.


Topic: Sulphate
Definition:
SUL'PHATE, n. [from sulphur.]  A neutral salt formed by sulphuric acid in combination with any base; as sulphate of lime.


Topic: Sulphite
Definition:
SUL'PHITE, n. [from sulphur.]  A salt or definite compound formed by a combination of sulphurous acid with a base.


Topic: Sulphurate
Definition:
SUL'PHURATE, a. [L. sulphuratus.]  Belonging to sulphur; of the color of sulphur.  [Little used.]
SUL'PHURATE, v.t.  To combine with sulphur.


Topic: Sulphureous
Definition:
SULPHU'REOUS, a.  Consisting of sulphur; having the qualities of sulphur or brimstone; impregnated with sulphur.
 Her snakes untied, sulphureous waters drink.


Topic: Sulphuret
Definition:
SUL'PHURET, n.  A combination of sulphur with a metallic, earthy or alkaline base; as a sulphuret of potash.


Topic: Sulphuric
Definition:
SUL'PHURIC, a.  Pertaining to sulphur; more strictly, designating an acid formed by sulphur saturated with oxygen; as sulphuric acid, formerly called vitriolic acid, or oil of vitrol.


Topic: Sulphurous
Definition:
SUL'PHUROUS, a.  Like sulphur; containing sulphur; also, designating an acid formed by sulphur subsaturated with oxygen.  This is called sulphurous acid.


Topic: Sultan
Definition:
SUL'TAN, n. [ Heb. to rule.]   An appellation given to the emperor of the Turks, denoting ruler or commander.


Topic: Sultry
Definition:
SUL'TRY, a.
1.  Very hot, burning and oppressive; as Libya's sultry deserts.
2.  Very hot and moist, or hot, close, stagnant and unelastic; as air or the atmosphere.  A sultry air is usually enfeebling and oppressive to the human body.
 Such as born beneath the burning sky
 And sultry sun, betwixt the tropics lie.


Topic: Sum
Definition:
SUM, n. [L. summa, a sum; L. simul, together; Heb. to set or place.]
1.  The aggregate of two or more numbers, magnitudes, quantities or particulars; the amount or whole of any number of individuals or particulars added.  The sum of 5 and 7 is 12.
 How precious are thy thoughts to me, O God! how great is the sum of them! Ps.139.
 Take the sum of all the congregation. Num.1.
[Sum is now applied more generally to numbers, and number to persons.]
2.  A quantity of money or currency; any amount indefinitely. I sent him a sum of money, a small sum, or a large sum.  I received a large sum in bank notes.
3.  Compendium; abridgment; the amount; the substance.  This is the sum of all the evidence in the case.  This is the sum and substance of all his objections.  The sum of all I have said is this.
 The phrase, in sum, is obsolete or nearly so.
 In sum, the gospel considered as a law, prescribes every virtue to our conduct, and forbids every sin.
4.  Highth; completion.
 Thus have I told thee all my state, and brought
 My story to the sum of earthly bliss.
SUM, v.t.  To add particulars into one whole; to collect two or more particular numbers into one number; to cast up; usually followed by up, but it is superfluous.  Custom enables a man to sum up a long column of figures with surprising facility and correctness.
 The hour doth rather sum up the moments, than divide the day.
1.  To bring or collect into a small compass; to comprise in a few words; to condense.  He summed up his arguments at the close of his speech, with great force and effect.
 'Go to the ant, thou sluggard,' in few words,sums up the moral of this fable.
2.  In falconry, to have feathers full grown.
 With prosperous wing full summ'd.  [Unusual.]


Topic: Sumless
Definition:
SUM'LESS, a. Not to be computed; of which the amount cannot be ascertained.
 The sumless treasure of exhausted mines.


Topic: Summarily
Definition:
SUM'MARILY, adv.  [from summary.]  In a summary manner; briefly; concisely; in a narrow compass or in few words. The Lord's prayer teaches us summarily the things we are to ask for.
1.  In a short way or method.
 When the parties proceed summarily, and they choose the ordinary way of proceeding, the cause is made plenary.


Topic: Summary
Definition:
SUM'MARY, a. [L. summa.]  Reduced into a narrow compass, or into few words; short; brief; concise; compendious; as a summary statement of arguments or objections; a summary proceeding or process.
SUM'MARY, n.  An abridged account; an abstract, abridgment or compendium, containing the sum or substance of a fuller account; as the comprehensive summary of our duty to God in the first table of the law.


Topic: Summer
Definition:
SUM'MER, n.  One who casts up an account.
SUM'MER, n.  With us, the season of the year comprehended in the months June, July and August; during which time, the sun being north of the equator, shines more directly upon this part of the earth, which, together with the increased length of the days, renders this the hottest period of the year.  In latitudes south of the equator, just the opposite takes place, or it is summer there when it is winter here.
The entire year is also sometimes divided into summer and winter, the former signifying the warmer and the latter the colder part of the year.
SUM'MER, v.i.  To pass the summer or warm season.
 The fowls shall summer upon them.  Is.18.
SUM'MER, v.t.  To keep warm.  [Little used.]
SUM'MER, n.
1.  A large stone, the first that is laid over columns and pilasters, beginning to make a cross vault; or a stone laid over a column, and hollowed to receive the first haunce of a platband.
2.  A large timber supported on two stone piers or posts, serving as a lintel to a door or window, &c.
3.  A large timber or beam laid as a central floor timber, inserted into the girders, and receiving the ends of the joists and supporting them.  This timber is seen in old buildings in America and in France.  In America, it is wholly laid aside.  It is called in England summer-tree.


Topic: Summer-colt
Definition:
SUM'MER-COLT, n.  The undulating state of the air near the surface of the ground when heated.  [Not used in America.]


Topic: Summer-fallow
Definition:
SUMMER-FAL'LOW, n. [See Fallow.]  Naked fallow; land lying bare of crops in summer.
SUMMER-FAL'LOW, v.t.  To plow and work repeatedly in summer, to prepare for wheat or other crop.


Topic: Summer-house
Definition:
SUM'MER-HOUSE, n.  A house or apartment in a garden to be used in summer.
1.  A house for summer's residence.


Topic: Summit
Definition:
SUM'MIT, n. [L. summitas, from summus, highest.]
1.  The top; the highest point; as the summit of a mountain.
2. The highest point or degree; utmost elevation.  The general arrived to the summit of human fame.


Topic: Summon
Definition:
SUM'MON, v.t. [L. submoneo; sub and moneo.]
1.  To call, cite or notify by authority to appear at a place specified, or to attend in person to some public duty, or both; as, to summon a jury; to summon witnesses.
 The parliament is summoned by the king's writ or letter.
 Nor trumpets summon him to war.
2.  To give notice to a person to appear in court and defend.
3.  To call or command.
 Love,duty, safety summon us away.
4.  To call up; to excite into action or exertion; with up.  Summon up all your strength or courage.
 Stiffen the sinews, summon up the blood.


Topic: Summoned
Definition:
SUM'MONED, pp.  Admonished or warned by authority to appear or attend to something; called or cited by authority.


Topic: Summoner
Definition:
SUM'MONER, n.  One who summons or cites by authority.  In England, the sheriff's messenger, employed to warn persons to appear in court.


Topic: Summons
Definition:
SUM'MONS, n. with a plural termination, but used in the singular number; as a summons is prepared. [L. submoneas.]
A call by authority or the command of a superior to appear at a place named, or to attend to some public duty.
 This summons he resolved not to disobey.
 He sent to summon the seditious and to offer pardon; but neither summons nor pardon was regarded.
1.  In law, a warning or citation to appear in court; or a written notification signed by the proper officer, to be served on a person, warning him to appear in court at a day specified, to answer to the demand of the plaintiff.


Topic: Sump
Definition:
SUMP, n.  In metallurgy, a round pit of stone, lined with clay, for receiving the metal on its first fusion.
1.  A pond of water reserved for salt-works.
2.  In mining, a pit sunk below the bottom of the mine.


Topic: Sumpter
Definition:
SUMP'TER, n.  A horse that carries clothes or furniture; a baggage-horse; usually called a pack-horse.


Topic: Sumptuary
Definition:
SUMP'TUARY, a. [L. sumptuarius, from sumptus, expense.]
Relating to expense.  Sumptuary laws or regulations are such as restrain or limit the expenses of citizens in apparel, food, furniture, &c.  Sumptuary laws are abridgments of liberty, and of very difficult execution.  They can be justified only on the ground of extreme necessity.


Topic: Sumptuous
Definition:
SUMP'TUOUS, a. [L. sumptuosus.]  Costly; expensive; hence, splendid; magnificent; as a sumptuous house or table; sumptuous apparel.
 We are too magnificent and sumptuous in our tables and attendance.


Topic: Sumptuousness
Definition:
SUMP'TUOUSNESS, n.  Costliness; expensiveness.
 I will not fall out with those who can reconcile sumptuousness and charity.
1.  Splendor; magnificence.


Topic: Sun
Definition:
SUN, n.
1.  The splendid orb or luminary which, being in or near the center of our system of worlds, gives light and heat to all the planets.  The light of the sun constitutes the day, and the darkness which proceeds form its absence, or the shade of the earth, constitutes the night. Ps.136.
2.  In popular usage, a sunny place; a place where the beams of the sun fall; as, to stand in the sun, that is, to stand where the direct rays of the sun fall.
3.  Any thing eminently splendid or luminous; that which is the chief source of light or honor.  The natives of America complain that the sun of their glory is set.
 I will never consent to put out the sun of sovereignty to posterity.
4.  In Scripture, Christ is called the sun of righteousness, as the source of light, animation and comfort to his disciples.
5.  The luminary or orb which constitutes the center of any system of worlds.  The fixed stars are supposed to be suns in their respective systems.
Under the sun, in the world; on earth; a proverbial expression.
 There is no new thing under the sun.  Eccles.1.
SUN, v.t.  To expose to the sun's rays; to warm or dry in the light of the sun; to insolate; as, to sun cloth; to sun grain.
 --Then to sun thyself in open air.


Topic: Sun-bright
Definition:
SUN'-BRIGHT, a. [sun and bright.]  Bright as the sun; like the sun in brightness; as a sun-bright shield; a sun-bright chariot.
 How and which way I may bestow myself
 To be regarded in her sun-bright eye.


Topic: Sun-burnt
Definition:
SUN-BURNT, a. [sun and burnt.]  Discolored by the heat or rays of the sun; tanned; darkened in hue; as a sunburnt skin.
 Sunburnt and swarthy though she be.
1.  Scorched by the sun's rays; as a sunburnt soil.


Topic: Sun-dial
Definition:
SUN'-DIAL, n. [sun and dial.]  An instrument to show the time of day, by means of the shadow of a gnomon or style on a plate.


Topic: Sunbeam
Definition:
SUN'BEAM, n. [sun and beam.]  A ray of the sun.  Truth written with a sunbeam, is truth made obviously plain.
 Gliding through the even on a sunbeam.


Topic: Sunday
Definition:
SUN'DAY, n.  The christian sabbath; the first day of the week, a day consecrated to rest from secular employments, and to religious worship.  It is called also the Lord's day.  Many pious persons however discard the use of Sunday, and call the day the sabbath.


Topic: Sunder
Definition:
SUN'DER, v.t.
1.  To part; to separate; to divide; to disunite in almost any manner, either by rending, cutting, or breaking; as, to sunder a rope or cord; to sunder a limb or joint; to sunder friends, or the ties of friendship.  The executioner sunders the head from the body at a stroke. A mountain may be sundered by an earthquake.
 Bring me lightning, give me thunder;
 --Jove may kill, but ne'er shall sunder.
2.  To expose to the sun.  [Provincial in England.]
SUN'DER, n.  In sunder, in tow.
 He cutteth the spear in sunder.  Ps.46.


Topic: Sundry
Definition:
SUN'DRY, a.  Several; divers; more than one or two.  [This word, like several, is indefinite; but it usually signifies a small number, sometimes many.]
 I have composed sundry collects.
 Sundry foes the rural realm surround.


Topic: Sunfish
Definition:
SUN'FISH, n. [sun and fish.]  A name of the diodon, a genus of fishes of a very singular form, appearing like the fore part of the body of a very deep fish amputated in the middle.
 The sunfish is the Tetraodon mola of Linne.
1.  The basking shark.


Topic: Sunflower
Definition:
SUN'FLOWER, n. [sun and flower.]  A plant of the genus Helianthus; so called from the form and color of its flower, or from its habit of turning to the sun.  The bastard sunflower is of the genus Helenium; the dwarf sunflower is of the genus Rudbeckia, and another of the genus Tetragonotheca; the little sunflower is of the genus Cistus.


Topic: Sunny
Definition:
SUN'NY, a. [from sun.]  Like the sun; bright.
1. Proceeding from the sun; as sunny beams.
2.  Exposed to the rays of the sun; warmed by the direct rays of the sun; as the sunny side of a hill or building.
 Her blooming mountains and her sunny shores.
3. Colored by the sun.
 Her sunny locks
 Hang on her temples like a golden fleece.


Topic: Sunshine
Definition:
SUN'SHINE, n. [sun and shine.]  The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct rays of the sun, or the place where they fall.
 But all sunshine, as when his beams at noon
 Culminate from th' equator.
1.  A place warmed and illuminated; warmth; illumination.
 The man that sits within a monarch's heart,
 And ripens in the sunshine of his favor.
SUN'SHINE


Topic: Sunshiny
Definition:
SUN'SHINY, a.  Bright with the rays of the sun; clear, warm or pleasant; as a sunshiny day; sunshiny weather.
1.  Bright like the sun.
 --Flashing beams of that sunshiny shield.


Topic: Sup
Definition:
SUP, v.t.  To take into the mouth with the lips, as a liquid; to take or drink by a little at a time; to sip.
 There I'll sup
 Balm and nectar in my cup.
SUP, v.i.  To eat the evening meal.
 When they had supped,they brought Tobias in.
SUP, v.t.  To treat with supper.
 Sup them well. [Not in use.]
SUP, n.  A small mouthful, as of liquor or broth; a little taken with the lips; a sip.
 Tom Thumb got a little sup.


Topic: Superable
Definition:
SU'PERABLE, a. [L. superabilis, form supero, to overcome.]
That may be overcome or conquered.  These are superable difficulties.


Topic: Superabound
Definition:
SUPERABOUND', v.i. [super and abound.]  To be very abundant or exuberant; to be more than sufficient.  The country super-abounds with corn.


Topic: Superabundance
Definition:
SUPERABUND'ANCE, n.  More than enough; excessive abundance; as a superabundance of the productions of the earth.


Topic: Superadd
Definition:
SUPERADD', v.t. [super and add.]  To add over and above; to add to what has been added.
1.  To add or annex something extrinsic.
 The strength of a living creature, in those external motions, is something distinct from and superadded to its natural gravity.


Topic: Superaddition
Definition:
SUPERADDI'TION, n. [super and addition.]
1.  The act of adding to something, or of adding something extraneous.
2.  That which is added.
 This superaddition is nothing but fat.


Topic: Superadvenient
Definition:
SUPERADVE'NIENT, a. [L. superadveniens.]
1.  Coming upon; coming to the increase or assistance of something.
 When a man has done bravely by the superadvenient assistance of his God--
2.  Coming unexpectedly.  [This word is little used.]


Topic: Superangelic
Definition:
SUPERANGEL'IC, a. [super and angelic.]  Superior in nature or rank to the angels.  One class of Unitarians believe Christ to be a superangelic being.


Topic: Superannuate
Definition:
SUPERAN'NUATE, v.t. [L. super and annus, a year.]  To impair or disqualify by old age and infirmity; as a superannuated magistrate.
SUPERAN'NUATE, v.i. To last beyond the year. [Not in use.]


Topic: Superannuation
Definition:
SUPERANNUA'TION, n.  The state of being too old for office of business, or of being disqualified by old age.


Topic: Superb
Definition:
SUPERB', a. [L. superbus, proud, from super.]
1.  Grand; magnificent; as a superb edifice; a superb colonnade.
2.  Rich; elegant; as superb furniture or decorations.
3.  Showy; pompous; as a superb exhibition.
4.  Rich; splendid; as a superb entertainment.
5.  August; stately.


Topic: Supercargo
Definition:
SUPERC`ARGO, n. [super and cargo.]  An officer or person in a merchant's ship, whose business is to manage the sales and superintend all the commercial concerns of the voyage.


Topic: Superciliary
Definition:
SUPERCIL'IARY, a. [L. super and cilium, the eyebrow.]  Situated or being above the eyebrow.
 The superciliary arch, is the bony superior arch of the orbit.


Topic: Supercilious
Definition:
SUPERCIL'IOUS, a. [L. superciliosus.  See above.]
1.  Lofty with pride; haughty; dictatorial; overbearing; as a supercilious officer.
2.  Manifesting haughtiness, or proceeding from it; overbearing; as a supercilious air; supercilious behavior.


Topic: Supereminent
Definition:
SUPEREM'INENT, a.  Eminent in a superior degree; surpassing others in excellence; as a supereminent divine; the supereminent glory of Christ.


Topic: Supererogate
Definition:
SUPERER'OGATE, v.i. [L. super and erogatio, erogo.] To do more than duty requires.  Aristotle's followers have supererogated in observance.  [Little used.]


Topic: Supererogation
Definition:
SUPEREROGA'TION, n. [supra.]  Performance of more than duty requires.
 There is no such thing as works of supererogation.


Topic: Supererogatory
Definition:
SUPEREROG'ATORY, a.  Performed to an extent not enjoined or not required by duty; as supererogatory services.


Topic: Superessential
Definition:
SUPERESSEN'TIAL, a. [super and essential.]  Essential above others, or above the constitution of a thing.


Topic: Superfecundity
Definition:
SUPERFECUND'ITY, n. [super and fecundity.]  Superabundant fecundity
or multiplication of the species.


Topic: Superfetate
Definition:
SUPERFE'TATE, v.i. [L. super and foetus.]  To conceive after a prior conception.
 The female is said to superfetate.


Topic: Superfetation
Definition:
SUPERFETA'TION, n.  A second conception after a prior one, and before the birth of the first, by which two fetuses are growing at once in the same matrix.


Topic: Superfete
Definition:
SU'PERFETE, v.i.  To superfetate. [Little used.]
SU'PERFETE, v.t.  To conceive after a former conception. [Little used.]


Topic: Superficial
Definition:
SUPERFI'CIAL, a.
1.  Being on the surface; not penetrating the substance of a thing; as a superficial color; a superficial covering.
2.  Composing the surface or exterior part; as, soil constitutes the superficial part of the earth.
3.  Shallow; contrived to cover something.
 This superficial tale
 Is but a preface to her worthy praise.
4.  Shallow; not deep or profound; reaching or comprehending only what is obvious or apparent; as a superficial scholar; superficial knowledge.


Topic: Superficially
Definition:
SUPERFI'CIALLY, adv.  On the surface only; as a substance superficially tinged with a color.
1.  On the surface or exterior part only; without penetrating the substance or essence; as, to survey things superficially.
2.  Without going deep or searching things to the bottom; slightly.  He reasons superficially.
 I have laid down superficially my present thoughts.


Topic: Superficialness
Definition:
SUPERFI'CIALNESS, n.  Shallowness; position on the surface.
1.  Slight knowledge; shallowness of observation or learning; show without substance.


Topic: Superficies
Definition:
SUPERFI'CIES, n. [L. from super, upon, and facies, face.]  The surface; the exterior part of a thing.  A superficies consists of length and breadth; as the superficies of a plate or of a sphere.  Superficies is rectilinear, curvilinear, plane, convex or concave.


Topic: Superfine
Definition:
SU'PERFINE, a. [super and fine.]  Very fine or most fine; surpassing others in fineness; as superfine cloth.  The word is chiefly used of cloth, but sometimes of liquors; as superfine wine or cider; and of other things, as superfine wire; superfine flour.


Topic: Superfluence
Definition:
SUPER'FLUENCE, n. [L. super and fluo, to flow.]  Superfluity; more than is necessary.  [Little used.]


Topic: Superfluitance
Definition:
SUPERFLU'ITANCE, n. [L. super and fluito, to float.]  The act of floating above or on the surface.  [Little used.]


Topic: Superfluity
Definition:
SUPERFLU'ITY, n. [L. superfluitas; super and fluo, to flow.]
1.  Superabundance; a greater quantity than is wanted; as a superfluity of water or provisions.
2.  Something that is beyond what is wanted; something rendered unnecessary by its abundance.  Among the superfluities of life we seldom number the abundance of money.


Topic: Superfluous
Definition:
SUPER'FLUOUS, a. [L. superfluus, overflowing; super and fluo, to flow.]
1.  More than is wanted; rendered unnecessary by superabundance; as a superfluous supply of corn.
2.  More than sufficient; unnecessary; useless; as a composition abounding with superfluous words.  Superfluous epithets rather enfeeble than strengthen description.  If what has been said will not convince, it would be superfluous to say more.
Superfluous interval, in music, is one that exceeds a true diatonic interval by a semitone minor.
Superfluous polygamy, (Polygamia superflua,) a kind of inflorescence or compound flower, in which the florets of the disk are hermaphrodite and fertile, and those of the ray, though female or pistiliferous only, are also fertile; designating the second order of the class Syngenesia of Linne.
Superfluous sound or tone, is one which contains a semitone minor more than a tone.


Topic: Superimpose
Definition:
SUPERIMPOSE, v.t. superimpo'ze. [super and impose.]  To lay or impose on something else; as a stratum of earth superimposed on a different stratum.


Topic: Superimpregnation
Definition:
SUPERIMPREGNA'TION, n. [super and impregnation.]  The act of impregnating upon a prior impregnation; impregnation when previously impregnated.


Topic: Superinduce
Definition:
SUPERINDU'CE, v.t. [super and induce.]  To bring in or upon as an addition to something; as, to superinduce a virtue or quality upon a person not before possessing it.
 Long custom of sinning superinduces upon the soul new and absurd desires.


Topic: Superinduction
Definition:
SUPERINDUC'TION, n.  The act of superinducing.
 The superinduction of ill habits quickly defaces the first rude draught of virtue.


Topic: Superinstitution
Definition:
SUPERINSTITU'TION, n. [super and institution.]  One institution upon another; as when A is instituted and admitted to a benefice upon a title, and B is instituted and admitted upon the presentation of another.


Topic: Superintend
Definition:
SUPERINTEND', v.t. [super and intend.]  To have or exercise the charge and oversight of; to oversee with the power of direction; to take care of with authority; as, an officer superintends the building of a ship or the construction of a fort.  God exercises a superintending care over all his creatures.


Topic: Superintendent
Definition:
SUPERINTEND'ENT, n.  One who has the oversight and charge of something, with the power of direction; as the superintendent of an alms-house or work-house; the superintendent of public works; the superintendent of customs or finance.
1.  An ecclesiastical superior in some reformed churches.


Topic: Superintending
Definition:
SUPERINTEND'ING, ppr.  Overseeing with the authority to direct what shall be done and how it shall be done.


Topic: Superior
Definition:
SUPE'RIOR, a. [Sp.L. from super, above.]
1. Higher; upper; more elevated in place; as the superior limb of the sun; the superior part of an image.
2.  Higher in rank or office; more exalted in dignity; as a superior officer; a superior degree of nobility.
3.  Higher or greater in excellence; surpassing others in the greatness, goodness or value of any quality; as a man of superior merit, of superior bravery, of superior talents or understanding, of superior accomplishments.
4.  Being beyond the power or influence of; too great or firm to be subdued or affected by; as a man superior to revenge.
 There is not on earth a spectacle more worthy than a great man superior to his sufferings.
5.  In botany, a superior flower has the receptacle of the flower above the germ; a superior germ is included within the corol.
SUPE'RIOR, n.  One who is more advanced in age. Old persons or elders are the superiors of the young.
1.  One who is more elevated in rank or office.
2.  One who surpasses others in dignity, excellence or qualities of any kind.  As a writer of pure English, Addison has no superior.
3.  The chief of a monastery, convent or abbey.


Topic: Superiority
Definition:
SUPERIOR'ITY, n. Pre-eminence; the quality of being more advanced or higher, greater or more excellent than another in any respect; as superiority of age, of rank or dignity, of attainments or excellence.  The superiority of others in fortune and rank, is more readily acknowledged than superiority of understanding.


Topic: Superlation
Definition:
SUPERLA'TION, n. [L. superlatio.]  Exaltation of any thing beyond truth or propriety. [I believe not used.]


Topic: Superlative
Definition:
SUPER'LATIVE, a. [L. superlativus; super and latio, latus, fero.]
1.  Highest in degree; most eminent; surpassing all other; as a man of superlative wisdom or prudence, of superlative worth; a woman of superlative beauty.
2.  Supreme; as the superlative glory of the divine character.
3.  In grammar, expressing the highest or utmost degree; as the superlative degree of comparison.
SUPER'LATIVE, n. In grammar,the superlative degree of adjectives, which is formed by the termination est, as meanest, highest, bravest; or by the use of most, as most high, most brave; or by least, as least amiable.


Topic: Superlatively
Definition:
SUPER'LATIVELY, adv. In a manner expressing the utmost degree.
 I shall not speak superlatively of them.
1. In the highest or utmost degree.  Tiberius was superlatively wicked; Clodius was superlatively profligate.


Topic: Supernal
Definition:
SUPERN'AL, a. [L. supernus,super.]  Being in a higher place or region; locally higher; as the supernal orbs; supernal regions.
1.  Relating to things above; celestial; heavenly; as supernal grace.
 Not by the sufferings of supernal pow'r.


Topic: Supernatant
Definition:
SUPERNA'TANT, a. [L. supernatans, supernato; super and nato, to swim.]  Swimming above; floating on the surface; as oil supernatant on water.


Topic: Supernatural
Definition:
SUPERNAT'URAL, a. [super and natural.]  Being beyond or exceeding the powers or laws of nature; miraculous.  A supernatural event is one which is not produced according to the ordinary or established laws of natural things.  Thus if iron has more specific gravity than water, it will sink in that fluid; and the floating of iron on water must be a supernatural event.  Now no human being can alter a law of nature; the floating of iron on water therefore must be caused by divine power specially exerted to suspend, in this instance,a law of nature.  Hence supernatural events or miracles can be produced only by the immediate agency of divine power.


Topic: Supernaturally
Definition:
SUPERNAT'URALLY, adv.  In a manner exceeding the  established course or laws of nature. The prophets must have been supernaturally taught or enlightened, for their predictions were beyond human fore-knowledge.


Topic: Supernumerary
Definition:
SUPERNU'MERARY, a. [L. super and numerus, number.]
1. Exceeding the number stated or prescribed; as a supernumerary officer in a regiment; a supernumerary canon in the church.
2.  Exceeding a necessary, a usual or a round number; as supernumerary addresses; supernumerary expense.
SUPERNU'MERARY, n.  A person or thing beyond the number stated, or beyond what is necessary or usual.  On the reduction of the 
regiments, several supernumeraries were to be provided for.


Topic: Superparticular
Definition:
SUPERPARTIC'ULAR, a. [super and particular.]  Noting a ratio when the excess of the greater term is a unit; as the ratio of 1 to 2, or of 3 to 4.


Topic: Superpartient
Definition:
SUPERP`ARTIENT, a. [L. super and partio.]  Noting a ratio when the excess of the greater term is more than a unit; as that of 3 to 5, or of 7 to 10.


Topic: Superplant
Definition:
SU'PERPLANT, n. [super and plant.]  A plant growing on another plant; as the mistletoe.  [Not used.]  [We now use parasite.]


Topic: Superplusage
Definition:
SUPERPLUS'AGE, n. [L. super and plus.]  That which is more than enough; excess. [We now use surplusage, which see.]


Topic: Superpose
Definition:
SUPERPOSE, v.t. superpo'ze. [super and Fr. poser, to law.]
To law upon, as one kind of rock on another.


Topic: Superposition
Definition:
SUPERPOSI'TION, n. [super and position.]
1.  A placing above; a lying or being situated above or upon something; as the superposition of rocks.
2.  That which is situated above or upon something else.


Topic: Superroyal
Definition:
SUPERROY'AL, a. [super and royal.]  Larger than royal; denoting the largest species of printing paper.


Topic: Superscribe
Definition:
SUPERSCRI'BE, v.t. [L. super and scribo, to write.]  To write or engrave on the top, outside or surface; or to write the name or address of one on the outside or cover; as, to superscribe a letter.


Topic: Superscription
Definition:
SUPERSCRIP'TION, n.  The act of superscribing.
1.  That which is written or engraved on the outside, or above something else.
 The superscription of his accusation was written over, THE KING OF THE JEWS.  Mark 15.  Luke 23.
2.  An impression of letters on coins.  Matt.22.


Topic: Supersede
Definition:
SUPERSE'DE, v.t. [L. supersedeo; super and sedeo, to sit.]
1.  Literally, to set above; hence, to make void, inefficacious or useless by superior power, or by coming in the place of; to set aside; to render unnecessary; to suspend.  The use of artillery in making breaches in walls, has superseded the use of the battering ram.  The effect of passion is to supersede the workings of reason.
 Nothing is supposed that can supersede the known laws of natural motion.
2.  To come or be placed in the room of; hence, to displace or render unnecessary; as, an officer is superseded by the appointment of another person.


Topic: Supersedeas
Definition:
SUPERSE'DEAS, n.  In law, a writ of supersedeas, is a writ or command to suspend the powers of an officer in certain cases, or to stay proceedings.  This writ does not destroy the power of an officer, for it may be revived by another writ called a procedendo.


Topic: Superseding
Definition:
SUPERSE'DING, ppr.  Coming in the place of; setting aside; rendering useless; displacing; suspending.


Topic: Superserviceable
Definition:
SUPERSERV'ICEABLE, a. [super and serviceable.]  Over officious; doing more than is required or desired.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Superstition
Definition:
SUPERSTI'TION, n. [L. superstitio, supersto; super and sto, to stand.]
1.  Excessive exactness or rigor in religious opinions or practice; extreme and unnecessary scruples in the observance of religious rites not commanded, or of points of minor importance; excess or extravagance in religion; the doing of things not required by God, or abstaining from things not forbidden; or the belief of what is absurd, or belief without evidence.
 Superstition has reference to god, to religion, or to beings superior to man.
2.  False religion; false worship.
3.  Rite or practice proceeding from excess of scruples in religion.  In this sense, it admits of a plural.
 They the truth
 With superstitions and traditions taint.
4.  Excessive nicety; scrupulous exactness.
5.  Belief in the direct agency of superior powers in certain extraordinary or singular events, or in omens and prognostics.


Topic: Superstitious
Definition:
SUPERSTI'TIOUS, a. [L. superstitiosus.]
1.  Over scrupulous and rigid in religious observances; addicted to superstition; full of idle fancies and scruples in regard to religion; as superstitious people.
2. Proceeding from superstition; manifesting superstition; as superstitious rites; superstitious observances.
3.  Over exact; scrupulous beyond need.
Superstitious use, in law, the use of land for a religious purpose, or by a religious corporation.


Topic: Superstitiously
Definition:
SUPERSTI'TIOUSLY, adv.  In a superstitious manner; with excessive regard to uncommanded rites or unessential opinions and forms in religion.
1.  With too much care; with excessive exactness or scruple.
2.  With extreme credulity in regard to the agency of superior beings in extraordinary events.


Topic: Superstratum
Definition:
SUPERSTRA'TUM, n. [super and stratum.]  A stratum or layer above another, or resting on something else.


Topic: Superstruct
Definition:
SUPERSTRUCT', v.t. [L. superstruo; super and struo, to lay.]
To build upon; to erect.
 This is the only proper basis on which to superstruct first innocence and then virtue.  [Little used.]


Topic: Superstruction
Definition:
SUPERSTRUC'TION, n.  An edifice erected on something.
 My own profession hath taught me not to erect new super structions on an old ruin.


Topic: Superstucture
Definition:
SUPERSTUCT'URE, n.  Any structure or edifice built on something else; particularly, the building raised on a foundation.  This word is used to distinguish what is erected on a wall or foundation from the foundation itself.
1.  Any thing erected on a foundation or basis.  In education, we begin with teaching languages as the foundation, and proceed to erect on that foundation the superstructure of science.


Topic: Supervacaneous
Definition:
SUPERVACA'NEOUS, a. [L. supervacaneus; super and vaco, to make void.]  Superfluous; unnecessary; needless; serving no purpose.


Topic: Supervene
Definition:
SUPERVE'NE, v.i. [L. supervenio; super and venio.]
1.  To come upon as something extraneous.
 Such a mutual gravitation can never supervene to matter, unless impressed by divine power.
2.  To come upon; to happen to.


Topic: Supervenient
Definition:
SUPERVE'NIENT, a.  Coming upon as something additional or extraneous.
 That branch of belief was in him supervenient to christian practice.
 Divorces can be granted, a mensa et toro, only for supervenient causes.


Topic: Supervise
Definition:
SUPERVI'SE, n. supervi'ze.  Inspection.  [Not used.]
SUPERVI'SE, v.t. [L. super and visus, video, to see.]  To oversee; to superintend; to inspect; as, to supervise the press for correction.


Topic: Supervision
Definition:
SUPERVI'SION, supervizh'on, n. [from supervise.]  The act of overseeing; inspection; superintendence.


Topic: Supervive
Definition:
SUPERVI'VE, v.t. [L. super and vivo, to live.]  To live beyond; to outlive.  The soul will supervive all the revolutions of nature.  [Little used.]  [See Survive.]


Topic: Supination
Definition:
SUPINA'TION, n. [L. supino.]  The act of lying or state of being laid with the face upward.
1.  The act of turning the palm of the hand upwards.


Topic: Supine
Definition:
SUPI'NE, a. [L. supinus.]  Lying on the back, or with the face upward; opposed to prone.
1.  Leaning backward; or inclining with exposure to the sun.
 If the vine
 On rising ground be plac'd on hills supine--
2.  Negligent; heedless; indolent; thoughtless; inattentive.
 He became pusillanimous and supine, and openly exposed to any temptation.
 These men suffer by their supine credulity.


Topic: Supinely
Definition:
SUPI'NELY, adv.  With the face upward.
1.  Carelessly; indolently; drowsily; in a heedless, thoughtless state.
 Who on beds of sin supinely lie.


Topic: Supineness
Definition:
SUPI'NENESS, n.  A lying with the face upward.
1.  Indolence; drowsiness; heedlessness.  Many of the evils of life are owing to our own supineness.


Topic: Suppalpation
Definition:
SUPPALPA'TION, n. [L. suppalpor; sub and palpor, to stroke.]  The act of enticing by soft words.  [Not used.]


Topic: Supparasitation
Definition:
SUPPARASITA'TION, n. [L. supparasitor; sub and parasite.]  The act of flattering merely to gain favor.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Supper
Definition:
SUP'PER, n.  The evening meal.  People who dine late, eat no supper.  The dinner of fashionable people would be the supper of rustics.


Topic: Supplant
Definition:
SUPPLANT', v.t. [L. supplanto; sub and planta, the bottom of the foot.]   To trip up the heels.
 Supplanted down he fell.
1.  To remove or displace by stratagem; or to displace and take the place of; as, a rival supplants another in the affections of his mistress, or in the favor of his prince.
 Suspecting that the courtier had supplanted the friend.
2.  To overthrow; to undermine.


Topic: Supple
Definition:
SUP'PLE, a.
1. Pliant; flexible; easily bent; as supple joints; supple fingers.
2.  Yielding; compliant; not obstinate.
 If punishment--makes not the will supple, it hardens the offender.
3.  Bending to the humor of others; flattering; fawning.
4.  That makes plaint; as supple government.
SUP'PLE, v.t.  To make soft and pliant; to render flexible; as, to supple leather.
1.  To make compliant.
 A mother persisting till she had suppled the will of her daughter.
SUP'PLE, v.i.  To become soft and pliant; as stones suppled into softness.


Topic: Supplement
Definition:
SUP'PLEMENT, n. [L. supplementum, suppleo; sub and pleo, to fill.]
1.  Literally, a supply; hence, an addition to any thing by which its defects are supplied, and it is made more full and complete.  The word is particularly used of an addition to a book or paper.
2.  Store; supply. [Not in use.]
3.  In trigonometry, the quantity by which an arc or an angle falls short of 180 degrees or a semicircle.


Topic: Suppleness
Definition:
SUP'PLENESS, n. [from supple.]  Pliancy; pliableness; flexibility; the quality of being easily bent; as the suppleness of the joints.
1.  Readiness of compliance; the quality of easily yielding; facility; as the suppleness of the will.


Topic: Suppletory
Definition:
SUP'PLETORY, a. [from L. suppleo, to supply.]  Supplying deficiencies; as a suppletory oath.
SUP'PLETORY, n.  That which is to supply what is wanted.


Topic: Suppliant
Definition:
SUP'PLIANT, a. [L. supplico, to supplicate; sub and plico, to fold.  See Comply and Apply.]
1.  Entreating; beseeching; supplicating; asking earnestly and submissively.
 The rich grow suppliant, and the poor grow proud.
2.  Manifesting entreaty; expressive of humble supplication.
 To bow and sue for grace with suppliant knee.
SUP'PLIANT, n.  A humble petitioner; one who entreats submissively.
 Spare this life, and hear thy suppliant's pray'r.


Topic: Supplicant
Definition:
SUP'PLICANT, a. [L. supplicans.]  Entreating; asking submissively.
SUP'PLICANT, n.  One that entreats; a petitioner who asks earnestly and submissively.
 The wise supplicant--left the event to God.


Topic: Supplicate
Definition:
SUP'PLICATE, v.t. [L. supplico; sub and plico.  See Suppliant.]
1.  To entreat for; to seek by earnest prayer; as, to supplicate blessings on christian efforts to spread the gospel.
2.  To address in prayer; as, to supplicate the throne of grace.
SUP'PLICATE, v.i.  To entreat; to beseech; to implore; to petition with earnestness and submission.
 A man cannot brook to supplicate or beg.


Topic: Supplication
Definition:
SUPPLICA'TION, n. [L. supplicatio.]
1.  Entreaty; humble and earnest prayer in worship.  In all our supplications to the Father of mercies, let us remember a world lying in ignorance and wickedness.
2.  Petition; earnest request.
3.  In Roman antiquity, a religious solemnity observed in consequence of some military success.  It consisted in sacrifices, feasting, offering thanks, and praying for a continuance of success.


Topic: Supply
Definition:
SUPPLY', v.t. [L. suppleo; sub and pleo, disused, to fill.]
1.  To fill up, as any deficiency happens; to furnish what is wanted; to afford or furnish a sufficiency; as, to supply the poor with bread and clothing; to supply the daily wants of nature; to supply the navy with masts and spars; to supply the treasury with money.  The city is well supplied with water.
 I wanted nothing fortune could supply.
2.  To serve instead of.
 Burning ships the banish'd sun supply.
3.  To give; to bring or furnish.
 Nearer care supplies
 Signs to my breast, and sorrow to my eyes.
4.  To fill vacant room.
 The sun was set, and Vesper to supply
 His absent beams, had lighted up the sky.
5.  To fill; as, to supply a vacancy.
6.  In general, to furnish; to give or afford what is wanted.
 Modern infidelity supplies no such motives.
SUPPLY', n.  Sufficiency for wants given or furnished.  The poor have a daily supply of food; the army has ample supplies of provisions and munitions of war.  Customs, taxes and excise constitute the supplies of revenue.


Topic: Support
Definition:
SUPPORT, v.t. [L. supporto; sub and porto, to carry.]
1.  To bear; to sustain; to uphold; as, a prop or pillar supports a structure; an abutment supports an arch; the stem of a tree supports the branches.  Every edifice must have a foundation to support it; a rope or cord supports a weight.
2.  To endure without being overcome; as, to support pain, distress or misfortunes.
 This fierce demeanor and his insolence,
 The patience of a God could not support.
3.  To bear; to endure; as, to support fatigues or hardships; to support violent exertions. The eye will not support the light of the sun's disk.
4.  To sustain; to keep from fainting or sinking; as, to support the courage or spirits.
5.  To sustain; to act or represent well; as, to support the character or king Lear; to support the part assigned.
6.  To bear; to supply funds for or the means of continuing; as, to support the annual expenses of government.
7.  To sustain; to carry on; as, to support a war or a contest; to support an argument or debate.
8.  To maintain with provisions and the necessary means of living; as, to support a family; to support a son in college; to support the ministers of the gospel.
9.  To maintain; to sustain; to keep from failing; as, to support life; to support the strength by nourishment.
    10. To sustain without change or dissolution; as, clay supports an intense heat.
    11. To bear; to keep from sinking; as, water supports ships and other bodies; air supports a balloon.
    12. To bear without being exhausted; to be able to pay; as, to support taxes or contributions.
   13. To sustain; to maintain; as, to support a good character.
    14. To maintain; to verify; to make good; to substantiate. The testimony is not sufficient to support the charges; the evidence will not support the statements or allegations; the impeachment is well supported by evidence.
    15. To uphold by aid or countenance; as, to support a friend or a party.
    16. To vindicate; to maintain; to defend successfully; as, to be able to support one's own cause.
 
SUPPORT, n.  The act or operation of upholding or sustaining.
1.  That which upholds, sustains or keeps from falling, as a prop, a pillar, a foundation of any kind.
2.  That which maintains life; as, food is the support of life, of the body, of strength.  Oxygen or vital air has been supposed to be the support of respiration and of heat in the blood.
3.  Maintenance; subsistence; as an income sufficient for the support of a family; or revenue for the support of the army and navy.
4.  Maintenance; an upholding; continuance in any state, or preservation from falling, sinking or failing; as taxes necessary for the support of public credit; a revenue for the support of government.
5.  In general, the maintenance or sustaining of any thing without suffering it to fail, decline or languish; as the support of health, spirits, strength or courage; the support of reputation, credit, &c.
6.  That which upholds or relieves; aid; help; succor; assistance.


Topic: Supportable
Definition:
SUPPORTABLE, a.  That may be upheld or sustained.
1.  That may be borne or endured; as, the pain is supportable, or not supportable.  Patience renders evils supportable.
2.  Tolerable; that may be borne without resistance or punishment; as, such insults are not supportable.
3.  That can be maintained; as, the cause or opinion is supportable.


Topic: Supporter
Definition:
SUPPORTER, n.  One that supports or maintains.
1.  That which supports or upholds; a prop, a pillar, &c.
 The sockets and supporters of flowers are figured.
2.  A sustainer; a comforter.
 The saints have a companion and supporter in all their miseries.
3.  A maintainer; a defender.
 Worthy supporters of such a reigning impiety.
4.  One who maintains or helps to carry on; as the supporters of a war.
5.  An advocate; a defender; a vindicator; as the supporters of religion, morality, justice, &c.
6.  An adherent; one who takes part; as the supporter of a party or faction.
7.  In ship-building, a knee placed under the cat-head.
8.  Supporters, in heraldry, are figures of beasts that appear to support the arms.


Topic: Supposable
Definition:
SUPPO'SABLE, a. [from suppose.]  That may be supposed; that may be imagined to exist.  That is not a supposable case.


Topic: Supposal
Definition:
SUPPO'SAL, n. [from suppose.]  Position without proof; the imagining of something to exist; supposition.
 Interest, with  Jew, never proceeds but upon supposal at least, of a firm and sufficient bottom.


Topic: Suppose
Definition:
SUPPOSE, v.t. suppo'ze. [L. suppositus, suppono.]
1.  To lay down or state as a proposition or fact that may exist or be true, though not known or believed to be true or to exist; or to imagine or admit to exist, for the sake of argument or illustration.  Let us suppose the earth to be the center of the system, what would be the consequence?
 When we have as great assurance that a thing is, as we could possibly, supposing it were, we ought not to doubt of its existence.
2.  To imagine; to believe; to receive as true.
 Let not my lord suppose that they have slain all young men, the king's sons; for Ammon only is dead.  2 Sam.13.
3.  To imagine; to think.
 I suppose,
 If our proposals once again were heard--
4.  To require to exist or be true.  The existence of things supposes the existence of a cause of the things.
 One falsehood supposes another, and renders all you say suspected.
5.  To put one thing by fraud in the place of another.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Supposing
Definition:
SUPPO'SING, ppr.  Laying down or imagining to exist or be true; stating as a case that may be; imagining; receiving as true.


Topic: Supposition
Definition:
SUPPOSI'TION, n. The act of laying down, imagining or admitting as true or existing, what is known not to be true, or what is not proved.
1.  The position of something known not to be true or not proved; hypothesis.
 This is only an infallibility upon supposition that if a thing be true, it is impossible to be false.
2.  Imagination; belief without full evidence.


Topic: Supposititious
Definition:
SUPPOSITI'TIOUS, a. [L. supposititius, from suppositus, suppono.]
Put by trick in the place or character belonging to another; not genuine; as a supposititious child; a supposititious writing.


Topic: Suppositive
Definition:
SUPPOS'ITIVE, a.  Supposed; including or implying supposition.
SUPPOS'ITIVE, n. [supra.]  A word denoting or implying supposition.


Topic: Suppository
Definition:
SUPPOS'ITORY, n.  In medicine, a long cylindrical body introduced into the rectum to procure stools when clysters cannot be administered.


Topic: Suppress
Definition:
SUPPRESS', v.t. [L. suppressus, supprimo; sub and premo, to press.]
1.  To overpower and crush; to subdue; to destroy; as, to suppress a rebellion; to suppress a mutiny or riot; to suppress opposition.
 Every rebellion when it is suppressed, makes the subject weaker, and the government stronger.
2.  To keep in; to restrain from utterance or vent; as, to suppress the voice; to suppress sighs.
3.  To retain without disclosure; to conceal; not to tell or reveal; as, to suppress evidence.
 She suppresses the name, and this keeps him in a pleasing suspense.
4.  To retain without communication or making public; as, to suppress a letter; to suppress a manuscript.
5.  To stifle; to stop; to hinder from circulation; as, to suppress a report.
6.  To stop; to restrain; to obstruct from discharges; as, to suppress a diarrhea, a hemorrhage and the like.


Topic: Suppressing
Definition:
SUPPRESS'ING, ppr. Subduing; destroying; retaining closely; concealing; hindering from disclosure or publication; obstructing.


Topic: Suppression
Definition:
SUPPRES'SION, n. [L. suppressio.]
1.  The act of suppressing, crushing or destroying; as the suppression of a riot, insurrection or tumult.
2.  The act of retaining from utterance, vent or disclosure; concealment; as the suppression of truth, of reports, of evidence and the like.
3.  The retaining of any thing from public notice; as the suppression of a letter or any writing.
4.  The stoppage, obstruction or morbid retention of discharges; as the suppression of urine, of diarrhea or other discharge.
5.  In grammar or composition, omission; as the suppression of a word.


Topic: Suppressor
Definition:
SUPPRESS'OR, n.  One that suppresses; one that subdues; one that prevents utterance, disclosure or communication.


Topic: Suppurate
Definition:
SUP'PURATE, v.i. [L. suppuro; sub and pus, puris.]  To generate pus; as, a boil or abscess suppurates.
SUP'PURATE, v.t.  To cause to suppurate.  [In this sense, unusual.]


Topic: Suppuration
Definition:
SUPPURA'TION, n. [L. suppuratio.]
1.  The process of generating purulent matter, or of forming pus, as in a wound or abscess; one of the natural terminations of healthy inflammation.
2.  The matter generated by suppuration.


Topic: Suppurative
Definition:
SUP'PURATIVE, a.  Tending to suppurate; promoting suppuration.
SUP'PURATIVE, n.  A medicine that promotes suppuration.


Topic: Supra-axillary
Definition:
SUPRA-AX'ILLARY, a. [supra and axil.]  In botany, growing above the axil; inserted above the axil; as a peduncle. [See Suprafoliaceous.]


Topic: Supra-decompound
Definition:
SUPRA-DECOM'POUND, a. [supra and decompound.]  More than decompound; thrice compound.  A supra-decompound leaf, is when a petiole divided several times, connects many leaflets; each part forming a decompound leaf.


Topic: Suprafoliaceous
Definition:
SUPRAFOLIA'CEOUS, a. [L. supra and folium, a leaf.]  In botany, inserted into the stem above the leaf or petiole, or axil, as a peduncle or flower.


Topic: Supramundane
Definition:
SUPRAMUN'DANE, a. [L. supra and mundus, the world.]
Being or situated above the world or above our system.


Topic: Supremacy
Definition:
SUPREM'ACY, n. [See Supreme.]  State of being supreme or in the highest station of power; highest authority or power; as the supremacy of the king of Great Britain; or the supremacy of parliament.
 The usurped power of the pope being destroyed, the crown was restored to its supremacy over spiritual men and causes.
Oath of supremacy, in Great Britain, an oath which acknowledges the supremacy of the king in spiritual affairs, and renounces or abjures the pretended supremacy of the pope.


Topic: Supreme
Definition:
SUPRE'ME, a. [L. supremus, from supra.]
1.  Highest in authority; holding the highest place in government or power.  In the United States, the congress is supreme in regulating commerce and in making war and peace.  The parliament of Great Britain is supreme in legislation; but the king is supreme in the administration of the government.  In the universe, God only is the supreme ruler and judge.  His commands are supreme, and binding on all his creatures.
2.  Highest, greatest or most excellent; as supreme love; supreme glory; supreme degree.
3.  It is sometimes used in a bad sense; as supreme folly or baseness, folly or baseness carried to the utmost extent. [A bad use of the word.]


Topic: Supremely
Definition:
SUPRE'MELY, adv.  With the highest authority.  He rules supremely.
1.  In the highest degree; to the utmost extent; as supremely blest.


Topic: Sur
Definition:
SUR, a prefix, from the French, contracted from L. super, supra, signifies over, above, beyond, upon.


Topic: Surbate
Definition:
SURBA'TE, v.t. [either L. sub and battere, or solea, sole, and battere, to beat the sole or hoof.]
1.  To bruise or batter the feet by travel.
 Chalky land surbates and spoils oxen's feet.
2.  To harass; to fatigue.


Topic: Surbed
Definition:
SURBED', v.t. [sur and bed.]  To set edgewise, as a stone; that is in a position different from that which it had in the quarry.


Topic: Surcease
Definition:
SURCE'ASE, v.i.
1.  To cease; to stop; to be at an end.
2.  To leave off; to practice no longer; to refrain finally.
 So pray'd he, whilst an angel's voice from high,
 Bade him surcease to importune the sky.
[This word is entirely useless, being precisely synonymous with cease, and it is nearly obsolete.]
SURCE'ASE, v.t.  To stop; to cause to cease.
SURCE'ASE, n.  Cessation; stop.


Topic: Surcharge
Definition:
SURCH`ARGE, v.t.
1.  To overload; to overburden; as, to surcharge a beast or a ship; to surcharge a cannon.
 Your head reclin'd,as hiding grief from view,
 Droops like a rose surcharg'd with morning dew.
2.  In law, to overstock; to put more cattle into a common than the person has a right to do, or more than the herbage will sustain.
SURCH`ARGE, n.  An excessive load or burden; a load greater than can be well borne.


Topic: Surcingle
Definition:
SUR'CINGLE, n. [L. cingulum, a belt.]
1.  A belt, band or girth which passes over a saddle, or over any thing laid on a horse's back, to bind it fast.
2.  The girdle of a cassoc.


Topic: Surd
Definition:
SURD, a. [L. surdus, deaf.]  Deaf; not having the sense of hearing.  [Not used.]
1.  Upheard.  [Not used.]
2.  Designating a quantity whose root cannot be exactly expressed in numbers.
SURD, n.  In algebra, a quantity whose root cannot be exactly expressed in numbers.  Thus 2 is a surd number, because there is no number which multiplied into itself, will exactly produce 2.


Topic: Sure
Definition:
SURE, a. shure.  [L. assevero, and to be connected with swear, and perhaps with L. verus; s being the remains of a prefix.]
1.  Certain; unfailing; infallible.
 The testimony of the Lord is sure.  Ps.19.
 We have also a more sure word of prophecy.  2 Pet.1.
2.  Certainly knowing, or having full confidence.
 We are sure that the judgment of God is according to truth-- Rom.2.
 Now we are sure that thou knowest all things.  John 16.
3.  Certain; safe; firm; permanent.
 Thy kingdom shall be sure to thee.  Dan.4.
4.  Firm; stable; steady; not liable to failure, loss or change; as a sure covenant.  2 Sam. 23.  Neh.9.  Is.28.
 The Lord will make my lord a sure house.  1 Sam.25.
 So we say, to stand sure, to be sure of foot.
5.  Certain of obtaining or of retaining; as, to be sure of game; to be sure of success; to be sure of life or health.
6.  Strong; secure; not liable to be broken or disturbed.
 Go your way, make it as sure as ye can.  Math.27.
7.  Certain; not liable to failure.  The income is sure.
To be sure, or be sure, certainly.  Shall you go? be sure I shall.
To make sure, to make certain; to secure so that there can be no failure of the purpose or object.
 Make sure of Cato.
 A peace cannot fail, provided we make sure of Spain.
 Give all diligence to make your calling and election sure.  2 Pet. 1.
SURE, adv.  Certainly; without doubt; doubtless.
 Sure the queen would wish him still unknown.
[But in this sense, surely is more generally used.]


Topic: Surely
Definition:
SU'RELY, adv.  Certainly; infallibly; undoubtedly.
 In the day thou eatest thereof, thou shalt surely die.  Gen.2.
 He that created something out of nothing, surely can raise great things out of small.
1.  Firmly; without danger of falling.
 He that walketh uprightly, walketh surely. Prov.10.


Topic: Suretiship
Definition:
SU'RETISHIP, n. [from surety.]  The state of being surety; the obligation of a person to answer for another, and make good any debt or loss which may occur from another's delinquency.
 He that hateth suretiship is sure.  Prov.11.


Topic: Surety
Definition:
SU'RETY, n.  Certainty; indubitableness.
 Know of a surety, that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs-- Gen.15.
1.  Security; safety.
 Yet for the more surety they looked round about.
2.  Foundation of stability; support.
 We our state
 Hold, as you yours, while our obedience holds;
 On other surety none.
3.  Evidence; ratification; confirmation.
 She call'd the saints to surety.
 That she would never put it from her finger,
 Unless she gave it to yourself.
4.  Security against loss or damage; security for payment.
 There remains unpaid
 A hundred thousand more, in surety of the which
 One part of Aquitain is bound to us.
5.  In law, one that is bound with and for another; one who enters into a bond or recognizance to answer for another's appearance in court, or for his payment of a debt or for the performance of some act, and who, in case of the principal debtor's failure, is compellable to pay the debt or damages; a bondsman; a bail.
 He that is surety for a stranger, shall smart for it. Prov.11.
 Thy servant became surety for the lad to my father. Gen.44.
6.  In Scripture, Christ is called 'the surety of a better testament.' Heb.7.22.  He undertook to make atonement for the sins of men, and thus prepare the way to deliver them from the punishment to which they had rendered themselves liable.
7.  A hostage.


Topic: Surf
Definition:
SURF, n.  The swell of the sea which breaks upon the shore, or upon sand banks or rocks.
1.  In agriculture, the bottom or conduit of a drain.  [Local.]


Topic: Surface
Definition:
SUR'FACE, n.  The exterior part of any thing that has length and breadth; one of the limits that terminates a solid; the superficies; outside; as the surface of the earth; the surface of the sea; the surface of a diamond; the surface of the body; the surface of a cylinder; an even or an uneven surface; a smooth or rough surface; a spherical surface.


Topic: Surfeit
Definition:
SURFEIT, v.t. sur'fit. [L. facio.]
1.  To feed with meat or drink, so as to oppress the stomach and derange the functions of the system; to overfeed and produce sickness or uneasiness.
2.  To cloy; to fill to satiety and disgust.  He surfeits us with his eulogies.


Topic: Surfeiting
Definition:
SUR'FEITING, ppr.  Oppressing the system by excessive eating and drinking; cloying; loading or filling to disgust.
SUR'FEITING, n.  The act of feeding to excess; gluttony.  Luke 21.


Topic: Surge
Definition:
SURGE, n. [L. surgo, to rise.]
1.  A large wave or billow;  great rolling swell of water.  [It is not applied to small waves, and is chiefly used in poetry and eloquence.]
 He flies aloft, and with impetuous roar,
 Pursues the foaming surges to the shore.
2.  In ship-building, the tapered part in front of the whelps, between the chocks of a capstan, on which the messenger may surge.
SURGE, v.i.  To swell; to rise high and roll; as waves.
 The surging waters like a mountain rise.
1.  To slip back, as, the cable surges.


Topic: Surgeon
Definition:
SUR'GEON, n. sur'jen. [contracted from chirurgeon.]  One whose profession or occupation is to cure diseases or injuries of the body by manual operation.  In a more general sense, one whose occupation is to cure external diseases, whether by manual operation, or by medicines externally or internally.


Topic: Surgery
Definition:
SUR'GERY, n.  Properly, the act of healing by manual operation; or that branch of medical science which treats of manual operations for the healing of diseases or injuries of the body.  In a more general sense, the act of healing external diseases by manual operation or by medicines; or that branch of medical science which has for its principal object the cure of external injuries.


Topic: Surly
Definition:
SUR'LY, a.
1.  Gloomily morose; crabbed; snarling; sternly sour; rough; cross and rude; as a surly groom; a surly dog.
 That surly spirit, melancholy.
2.  Rough; dark; tempestuous.
 Now soften'd into joy the surly storm.


Topic: Surmise
Definition:
SURMISE, v.t. surmi'ze.  To suspect; to imagine without certain knowledge; to entertain thoughts that something does or will exist, but upon slight evidence.
 It wafted nearer yet, and then she knew
 That what before she but surmis'd, was true.
 This change was not wrought by altering the form or position of the earth, as was surmised by a very learned man, but by dissolving it.


Topic: Surmising
Definition:
SURMI'SING, ppr. Suspecting; imagining upon slight evidence.
SURMI'SING, n.  The act of suspecting; surmise; as evil surmisings. 1 Tim. 6.


Topic: Surmount
Definition:
SURMOUNT', v.t.
1.  To rise above.
 The mountains of Olympus, Atho and Atlas, surmount all winds and clouds.
2.  To conquer; to overcome; as, to surmount difficulties or obstacles.
3. To surpass; to exceed.
 What surmounts the reach
 Of human sense--


Topic: Surmullet
Definition:
SURMUL'LET, n.  A fish of the genus Mullus, (M. barbatus,) remarkable for the brilliancy of its colors,and for the changes which they undergo as the fish expires.  The name is also applied to other species of the genus.


Topic: Surname
Definition:
SUR'NAME, n. [L. super and nomen.]
1.  An additional name; a name or appellation added to the baptismal or christian name,and which becomes a family name.  Surnames, with us, originally designated occupation, estate, place of residence, or some particular thing or event that related to the person.  Thus William Rufus or red; Edmund Ironsides; Robert Smith,or the smith; William Turner.
2.  An appellation added to the original name.
 My surname Coriolanus.


Topic: Surpass
Definition:
SURP`ASS, v.t.  To exceed; to excel; to go beyond in any thing good or bad.  Homer surpasses modern poets in sublimity.  Pope surpasses most other poets in smoothness of versification. Achilles surpassed the other Greeks in strength and courage.  Clodius surpassed all men in the profligacy of his life.  Perhaps no man ever surpassed Washington in genuine patriotism and integrity of life.


Topic: Surpassing
Definition:
SURP`ASSING, ppr. Exceeding; going beyond.
1. a. Excellent in an eminent degree; exceeding others.
 O thou, that with surpassing glory crown'd--


Topic: Surplice
Definition:
SURPLICE, n. sur'plis. [L. super pellicium, above the robe of fur.]
A white garment worn by clergymen of some denominations over their other dress, in their ministrations.  It is particularly the habit of the clergy of the church of England.


Topic: Surplus
Definition:
SUR'PLUS, n. [L. id.,more.]
1.  Overplus; that which remains when use is satisfied; excess beyond what is prescribed or wanted.  In the United States, the surplus of wheat and rye not required for consumption or exportation, is distilled.
2.  In law, the residuum of an estate, after the debts and legacies are paid.


Topic: Surplusage
Definition:
SURPLUS'AGE, n.  Surplus; as surplusage of grain or goods beyond what is wanted.
1.  In law, something in the pleadings or proceedings not necessary or relevant to the case, and which may be rejected.
2.  In accounts, a greater disbursement than the charge of the accountant amounteth to.


Topic: Surprisal
Definition:
SURPRISAL, n. surpri'zal. [See Surprise.]  The act of surprising or coming upon suddenly and unexpectedly; or the state of being taken unawares.


Topic: Surprise
Definition:
SURPRISE, v.t. surpri'ze. [L. super, supra, and prendo, to take.]
1.  To come or fall upon suddenly and unexpectedly; to take unawares.
 The castle of Macduff I will surprise.
 Who can speak
 The mingled passions that surpris'd his heart?
2.  To strike with wonder or astonishment by something sudden, unexpected or remarkable, either in conduct, words or story, or by the appearance of something unusual.  Thus we are surprised at desperate acts of heroism, or at the narration of wonderful events, or at the sight of things of uncommon magnitude or curious structure.
3.  To confuse; to throw the mind into disorder by something suddenly presented to the view or to the mind.
 Up he starts, discover'd and surpris'd.


Topic: Surprising
Definition:
SURPRI'SING, ppr.  Falling on or taking suddenly or unawares; striking with something novel; taking by a sudden or unexpected attack.
1.  a. Exciting surprise; extraordinary; of a nature to excite wonder and astonishment; as surprising bravery; surprising patience; a surprising escape from danger.


Topic: Surprisingly
Definition:
SURPRI'SINGLY, adv.  In a manner or degree that excites surprise.  He exerted himself surprisingly to save the life of his companion.


Topic: Surrebut
Definition:
SURREBUT', v.i. [sur and rebut.]  In legal pleadings, to reply, as a plaintif, to a defendant's rebutter.


Topic: Surrejoin
Definition:
SURREJOIN', v.i. [sur and rejoin.]  In legal pleadings, to reply, as a plaintif to a defendant's rejoinder.


Topic: Surrender
Definition:
SURREN'DER, v.t. [L. sursum, and rendre, to render.]
1.  To yield to the power of another; to give or deliver up possession upon compulsion or demand; as, to surrender one's person to an enemy, or to commissioners of bankrupt; to surrender a fort or a ship. [To surrender up is not elegant.]
2.  To yield; to give up; to resign in favor of another; as,to surrender a right or privilege; to surrender a place or an office.
3.  To give up; to resign; as, to surrender the breath.
4.  In law, to yield an estate, as a tenant, into the hands of the lord for such purposes as are expressed in the act.
5.  To yield to any influence,passion or power; as, to surrender one's self to grief, to despair, to indolence or to sleep.
SURREN'DER, v.i.  To yield; to give up one's self into the power of another.  The enemy seeing no way of escape,surrendered at the first summons.
SURREN'DER, n.  The act of yielding or resigning one's person or the possession of something, into the power of another; as the surrender of a castle to an enemy; the surrender of a right or of claims.
1.  A yielding or giving up.
2.  In law, the yielding of an estate by a tenant to the lord, for such purposes as are expressed by the tenant in the act.


Topic: Surrenderor
Definition:
SURREN'DEROR, n.  The tenant who surrenders an estate into the hands of his lord.
 Till the admittance of cestuy que use, the lord takes notice of the surrenderor as his tenant.


Topic: Surreption
Definition:
SURREP'TION, n. [L. surreptus, surrepo; sub and repo, to creep.]
A coming unperceived; a stealing upon insensibly.  [Little used.]


Topic: Surreptitious
Definition:
SURREPTI'TIOUS, a. [L. surreptitius, supra.]  Done by stealth or without proper authority; made or introduced fraudulently; as a surreptitious passage in a manuscript.
 A correct copy of the Dunciad, the many surreptitious ones have rendered necessary.


Topic: Surrogate
Definition:
SUR'ROGATE, n. [L. surrogatus, surrogo, subrogo; sub and rogo, to propose. Rogo, to ask or propose, signifies primarily to reach, put or thrust forward; and subrogo is to put or set in the place of another.]   In a general sense, a deputy; a delegate; a substitute; particularly, the deputy of an ecclesiastical judge, most commonly of a bishop or his chancellor. In some of the United States,the judge of probate, of wills and testaments.
SUR'ROGATE, v.t.  To put in the place of another.  [Little used.]


Topic: Surround
Definition:
SURROUND', v.t. [sur and round.]
1.  To encompass; to environ; to inclose on all sides; as, to surround a city.  They surrounded a body of the enemy.
2.  To lie or be on all sides of; as, a wall or ditch surrounds the city.


Topic: Sursolid
Definition:
SURSOL'ID, n. [sur and solid, or surdesolid.]   In mathematics, the fifth power of a number; or the product of the fourth multiplication of a number considered as the root. Thus 3x3=9, the square of 3, and 9x3=27, the third power or cube, and 27x3=81, the fourth power, and 81x3=243, which is the sursolid of 3.
SURSOL'ID, a.  Denoting the fifth power.
Sursolid problem, is that which cannot be resolved but by curves of a higher kind than the conic sections.


Topic: Survene
Definition:
SURVE'NE, v.t.  To supervene; to come as an addition; as a suppuration that survenes lethargies.  [Little used.]


Topic: Survey
Definition:
SURVEY, v.t. [L. video, videre.]
1.  To inspect or take a view of; to view with attention, as from a high place; as, to stand on a hill, and survey the surrounding country.  It denotes more particular and deliberate attention than look or see.
2.  To view with a scrutinizing eye; to examine.
 With such alter'd looks,
 All pale and speechless,he survey'd me round.
3.  To examine with reference to condition, situation and value; as, to survey a building to determine its value and exposure to loss by fire.
4.  To measure, as land; or to ascertain the contents of land by lines and angles.
5.  To examine or ascertain the position and distances of objects on the shore of the sea, the depth of water, nature of the bottom, and whatever may be necessary to facilitate the navigation of the waters and render the entrance into harbors, sounds and rivers easy and safe.  Thus officers are employed to survey the coast and make charts of the same.
6.  To examine and ascertain, as the boundaries and royalties of a manor, the tenure of the tenants, and the rent and value of the same.
7.  To examine and ascertain, as the state of agriculture.


Topic: Surveying
Definition:
SURVEYING, ppr.  Viewing with attention; examining particularly; measuring.
SURVEYING, n.  That branch of mathematics which teaches the art of measuring land.


Topic: Surveyor
Definition:
SURVEYOR, n.  An overseer; one placed to superintend others.
1.  One that views and examines for the purpose of ascertaining the condition, quantity, or quality of any thing; as a surveyor of land; a surveyor of highways; surveyors of ordnance.  In the customs, a gauger; an officer who ascertains the contents of casks, and the quantity of liquors subject to duty; also in the United States, an officer who ascertains the weight and quantity of goods subject to duty.


Topic: Surveyor-general
Definition:
SURVEYOR-GENERAL, n.  A principal surveyor; as the surveyor-general of the king's manors, or of woods and parks in England.  In the United Stats, the chief surveyor of lands; as the surveyor-general of the United States, or of a particular state.


Topic: Survival
Definition:
SURVI'VAL, n. [See Survive.]  A living beyond the life of another person, thing or event; an outliving.


Topic: Survive
Definition:
SURVI'VE, v.t. [L. supervivo.]
1.  To outlive; to live beyond the life of another; as,the wife survives her husband; or a husband survives his wife.
2.  To outlive any thing else; to live beyond any event.  Who would wish to survive the ruin of his country?  Many men survive their usefulness or the regular exercise of their reason.
SURVI'VE, v.i.  To remain alive.
 Try pleasure,
 Which when no other enemy survives,
 Still conquers all the conquerors.


Topic: Surviving
Definition:
SURVI'VING, ppr.  Outliving;living beyond the life of another, or beyond the time of some event.
1.  a. Remaining alive; yet living; as surviving friends or relatives.


Topic: Survivor
Definition:
SURVI'VOR, n.  One who outlives another.
1.  In law, the longer liver of two joint tenants, or of any two persons who have a joint interest in any thing.


Topic: Survivorship
Definition:
SURVI'VORSHIP, n.  The state of outliving another.
1.  In law, the right of a joint tenant or other person who has a joint interest in an estate, to take the whole estate upon the death of the other.  When there are more than two joint tenants, the whole estate remains to the last survivor by right of survivorship.


Topic: Susceptibiility
Definition:
SUSCEPTIBIIL'ITY, n. [from susceptible.]  The quality of admitting or receiving either something additional, or some change, affection or passion; as the susceptibility of color in a body; susceptibility of culture or refinement; susceptibility of love or desire, or of impressions.


Topic: Susceptible
Definition:
SUSCEP'TIBLE, a. [L. suscipio, to take; sub and capio.]
1. Capable of admitting any thing additional, or any change, affection or influence; as a body susceptible of color or of alteration; a body susceptible of pain; a heart susceptible of love or of impression.
2.  Tender; capable of impression; impressible.  The minds of children are more susceptible than those of persons more advanced in life.
3.  Having nice sensibility; as a man of a susceptible heart.


Topic: Suslik
Definition:
SUS'LIK, n.  A spotted animal of the rat kind.  A quadruped of the genus Arctomys, of a yellowish brown color, with small white spots; the earless marmot.


Topic: Suspect
Definition:
SUSPECT', v.t. [L. suspectus, suspicio; sub and specio, to see or view.]
1.  To mistrust; to imagine or have a slight opinion that something exists, but without proof and often upon weak evidence or no evidence at all.  We suspect not only from fear, jealousy or apprehension of evil, but in modern usage, we suspect things which give us no apprehension.
 Nothing makes a man suspect much, more than to know little.
 From her hand I could suspect no ill.
2.  To imagine to be guilty, but upon slight evidence or without proof. When a theft is committed, we are apt to suspect a person who is known to have been guilty of stealing; but we often suspect a person who is innocent of the crime.
3.  To hold to be uncertain; to doubt; to mistrust; as, to suspect the truth of a story.
4.  To hold to be doubtful.  The veracity of a historian, and the impartiality of a judge, should not be suspected.
5.  To conjecture.
SUSPECT', v.t.  To imagine guilt.
 If I suspect without cause, why then let me be your jest.
SUSPECT', a.  Doubtful.  [Not much used.]
SUSPECT', n.  Suspicion.


Topic: Suspend
Definition:
SUSPEND', v.t. [L. suspendo; sub and pendo, to hang.]
1.  To hang; to attach to something above; as, to suspend a ball by a thread; to suspend the body by a cord or by hooks; a needle suspended by a loadstone.
2.  To make to depend on.  God hath suspended the promise of eternal life on the condition of faith and obedience.
3.  To interrupt; to intermit; to cause to cease for a time.
 The guard nor fights nor flies; their fate so near
 At once suspends their courage and their fear.
4.  To stay; to delay; to hinder from proceeding for a time.
 Suspend your indignation against my brother.
 I suspend their doom.
5.  To hold in a state undermined; as, to suspend one's choice or opinion.
6.  To debar from any privilege, from the execution of an office, or from the enjoyment of income.
 Good men should not be suspended from the exercise of their ministry and deprived of their livelihood for ceremonies which are acknowledged indifferent.
7.  To cause to cease for a time from operation or effect; as, to suspend the habeas corpus act.


Topic: Suspended
Definition:
SUSPEND'ED, pp.  Hung up; made to depend on; caused to cease for a time;delayed; held undermined; prevented from executing an office or enjoying a right.


Topic: Suspender
Definition:
SUSPEND'ER, n.  One that suspends.
1.  Suspenders, plu. straps worn for holding up pantaloons, &c.; braces.


Topic: Suspending
Definition:
SUSPEND'ING, ppr.  Hanging up; making to depend on; intermitting; causing to cease for a time; holding undermined; debarring from action or right.


Topic: Suspense
Definition:
SUSPENSE, n. suspens'. [L. suspensus.]  A state of uncertainty; indetermination; indecision.  A man's mind is in suspense, when it is balancing the weight of different arguments or considerations, or when it is uncertain respecting facts unknown, or events not in his own power.
 Ten days the prophet in suspense remain'd.
1.  Stop; cessation for a time.
 A cool suspense from pleasure or from pain.
2.  In law, suspension; a temporary cessation of a man's right; as when the rent or other profits of land cease by unity of possession of land and rent.
SUSPENSE, a. suspens'.  Held from proceeding. [Little used.]


Topic: Suspensibility
Definition:
SUSPENSIBIL'ITY, n.  The capacity of being suspended or sustained from sinking; as the suspensibility of indurated clay in water.


Topic: Suspension
Definition:
SUSPEN'SION, n. [L. suspensio.  See Suspend.]
1.  The act of hanging up, or of causing to hang by being attached to something above.
2.  The act of making to depend on any thing for existence or taking place; as the suspension of payment on the performance of a condition.
3.  The act of delaying; delay; as the suspension of a criminal's execution; called a respite or reprieve.
4.  Act of withholding or balancing the judgment; forbearance of determination; as the suspension of opinion, of judgment, of decision or determination. Suspension of judgment often proceeds from doubt of ignorance of facts.
5. Temporary cessation; interruption; intermission; as the suspension of labor or of study; the suspension of pain.
6.  Temporary privation of powers, authority or rights; usually intended as a censure or punishment; as the suspension of an ecclesiastic or minister for some fault.  This may be merely a suspension of his office, or it may be both of his office and his income.  A military or naval officer's suspension takes place when he is arrested.
7.  Prevention or interruption of operation; as the suspension of the habeas corpus act.
8.  In rhetoric, a keeping of the bearer in doubt and in attentive expectation of what is to follow, or what is to be the inference or conclusion from the arguments or observations.
9.  In Scot's law, a stay or postponement of execution of a sentence condemnatory, by means of letters of suspension granted on application to the lord ordinary.
    10. In mechanics, points of suspension, in a balance, are the points in the axis or beam where the weights are applied, or from which they are suspended.
    11. In music, every sound of a chord to a given base, which is continued to another base, is a suspension.
Suspension of arms, in war, a short truce or cessation of operations agreed on by the commanders of the contending parties, as for burying the dead,making proposals for surrender or for peace, &c.


Topic: Suspensory
Definition:
SUSPENS'ORY, a.  That suspends; suspending; as a suspensory muscle.
SUSPENS'ORY, n.  That which suspends or holds up; a truss.


Topic: Suspicion
Definition:
SUSPI'CION, n. [L. suspicio.  See Suspect.]  The act of suspecting; the imagination of the existence of something without proof, or upon very slight evidence, or upon no evidence at all.  Suspicion often proceeds from the apprehension of evil; it is the offspring or companion of jealousy.
 Suspicions among thoughts, are like bats among birds; they ever fly by twilight.


Topic: Suspicious
Definition:
SUSPI'CIOUS, a. [L. suspiciosus.]  Inclined to suspect; apt to imagine without proof.
 Nature itself, after it has done an injury, will ever be suspicious, and no man can love the person he suspects.
1.  Indicating suspicion or fear.
 We have a suspicious, fearful, constrained countenance.
2.  Liable to suspicion; adapted to raise suspicion; giving reason to imagine ill; as an author of suspicious innovations.
 I spy a black suspicious threat-ning cloud.
3.  Entertaining suspicion; given to suspicion.
 Many mischievous insects are daily at work to make men of merit suspicious of each other.


Topic: Suspiciousness
Definition:
SUSPI'CIOUSNESS, n.  The quality of being liable to suspicion, or liable to be suspected; as the suspiciousness of a man's appearance, of his weapons or of his actions.
1.  The quality or state of being apt to suspect; as the suspiciousness of a man's temper or mind.


Topic: Suspiral
Definition:
SUSPI'RAL, n. [L. suspiro, to breathe; sub and spiro.]
1.  A breathing hole; a vent or ventiduct.
2.  A spring of water passing under ground towards a cistern or conduit.  [Local.]


Topic: Suspiration
Definition:
SUSPIRA'TION, n. [L. suspiratio, suspiro, to sigh; sub and spiro, to breathe.]  The act of sighing or fetching along and deep breath; a sigh.


Topic: Sustain
Definition:
SUSTA'IN, v.t. [L. sustineo; sub and teneo, to hold under.]
1.  To bear; to uphold; to support; as, a foundation sustains the superstructure; pillars sustain an edifice; a beast sustains a load.
2.  To hold; to keep from falling; as, a rope sustains a weight.
3.  To support; to keep from sinking in despondence.  The hope of a better life sustains the afflicted amidst all their sorrows.
4.  To maintain; to keep alive; to support; to subsist; as provisions to sustain a family or an army.
5.  To support in any condition by aid; to assist or relieve.
 His sons, who seek the tyrant to sustain.
6.  To bear; to endure without failing or yielding.  The mind stands collected and sustains the shock.
 Shall Turnus then such endless toil sustain?
7.  To suffer; to bear; to undergo.
 You shall sustain more new disgraces.
8.  To maintain; to support; not to dismiss or abate.  Notwithstanding the plea in bar or in abatement, the court sustained the action or suit.
9.  To maintain as a sufficient ground.  The testimony or the evidence is not sufficient to sustain the action, the accusation, the charges, or the impeachment.
    10. In music, to continue, as the sound of notes through their whole length.
SUSTA'IN, n.  That which upholds. [Not in use.]


Topic: Sustenance
Definition:
SUS'TENANCE, n.
1.  Support; maintenance; subsistence; as the sustenance of the body; the sustenance of life.
2.  That which supports life; food; victuals; provisions.  This city has ample sustenance.


Topic: Sustentation
Definition:
SUSTENTA'TION, n. [L. sustentatio, sustento.]
1.  Support; preservation from falling.
2.  Use of food.
3.  Maintenance; support of life.


Topic: Suttee
Definition:
SUTTEE', n.  In the Sanscrit, or sacred language of the Hindoos, a female deity.
1. A widow who immolates herself on the funeral pile of her husband.
2.  The sacrifice of burning a widow on the funeral pile of her husband.


Topic: Suture
Definition:
SU'TURE, n. [L. sutura, from suo, to sew.]
1.  Literally, a sewing; hence, the uniting of the parts of a wound by stitching.
2. The seam or joint which unites the bones of the skull; or the peculiar articulation or connection of those bones; as the coronal suture; the sagittal suture.


Topic: Suveran
Definition:
SUV'ERAN, a. [L. supernus, superus, super. The barbarous Norman word souvereign, seems to be formed of L. super and regnum; a strange blunder.]
1.  Supreme in power; possessing supreme dominion; as a suveran prince.  The Creator is the suveran ruler of the universe.
2.  Supreme; chief; superior to all others.
3.  Supremely efficacious; superior to all others; as a suveran remedy.
4. Supreme; pertaining to the first magistrate of a nation; as suveran authority.
SUV'ERAN, n.  A supreme lord or ruler; one who possesses the highest authority without control. Some kings are suverans in their dominions; the authority of others is limited. The Creator is the suveran of all that he has made.
1.  A supreme magistrate, lord or king.
 O let my suv'ran turn away his face.


Topic: Suveranty
Definition:
SUV'ERANTY, n.  Supreme power; supremacy; the possession of uncontrollable power.  Absolute suveranty belongs only to God.


Topic: Swab
Definition:
SWAB, n.  A mop for cleaning floors; on board of ships, a large mop or bunch or old rope yarn, used to clean the deck and cabin.
SWAB, v.t. [supra.]  To clean with mop; to wipe when wet or after washing; as, to swab the deck of a ship.


Topic: Swabber
Definition:
SWAB'BER, n.  One that uses a swab to clean a floor or deck; on board of ships of war, an inferior officer, whose business is to see that the ship is kept clean.


Topic: Swad
Definition:
SWAD, n.  A pod,as of beans or peas. [Local.]
1.  A short fat person.
2.  In New England, a lump, mass or bunch, also, a crowd. [Vulgar.]


Topic: Swaddle
Definition:
SWAD'DLE, v.t.
1.  To swathe; to bind, as with a bandage; to bind tight with clothes; used generally of infants; as, to swaddle a child.
 They swaddled me in my night-gown.
2. To bat; to cudgel.  [Low and not in use.]
SWAD'DLE, n.  Clothes bound tight around the body.
 They put me in bed in all my swaddles.


Topic: Swage
Definition:
SWAGE, v.t. [probably allied to swag and weak; from falling or throwing down.]   To ease; to soften; to mitigate.
 Apt words have power to swage
 The tumors of a troubled mind.
[See Assuage, which is the word now used.]


Topic: Swagger
Definition:
SWAG'GER, v.i.  To bluster; to bully; to boast or brag noisily; to be tumultuously proud.
 What a pleasure it is to swagger at the bar.
 To be great is not to swagger at our footmen.


Topic: Swain
Definition:
SWAIN, n.
1.  A young man.
2.  A country servant employed in husbandry.
3.  A pastoral youth.  [It is used chiefly in this sense, and in poetry.]
 Blest swains!  whose nymphs in every grace excel.


Topic: Swale
Definition:
SWALE, n. [probably from vale.]  A local word in New England, signifying an interval or vale; a tract of low land.
1.  In England, a shade.
SWALE, v.i.  To waste. [See Sweal.]
SWALE, v.t.  To dress a hog for bacon, by singeing or burning off his hair.  [Local.]


Topic: Swallow
Definition:
SWAL'LOW, n.  A bird of the genus Hirundo, of many species, among which are the chimney swallow and the martin.


Topic: Swallow-fish
Definition:
SWAL'LOW-FISH, n.  A sea fish of the genus Trigla, called in Cornwall, tub-fish; remarkable for the size of its gill-fins.  It is called also the sapphirine gurnard.


Topic: Swallow-stone
Definition:
SWAL'LOW-STONE, n.  Chelidonius lapis, a stone which Pliny and other authors affirm to be found in the stomachs of young swallows.


Topic: Swallow-wort
Definition:
SWAL'LOW-WORT, n.  A plant of the genus Asclepias; hirundinaria.  It grows in the southern part of Europe, and is said to have been successfully used as a medicine, chiefly in dropsical cases.
 The African swallow-wort is of the genus Stapelia.


Topic: Swallowed
Definition:
SWAL'LOWED, pp.  Taken into the stomach; absorbed; received without scruple; engrossed; wasted; exhausted.


Topic: Swallowing
Definition:
SWAL'LOWING, ppr.  Taking into the stomach; absorbing; ingulfing; receiving implicitly; engrossing; wasting; exhausting.
SWAL'LOWING, n.  The act of taking into the stomach or of absorbing; the act of receiving implicitly; the act of engrossing.


Topic: Swamp
Definition:
SWAMP, n.  Spungy land; low ground filled with water; soft wet ground.  In New England, I believe this word is never applied to marsh, or the boggy land made by the overflowing of salt water, but always to low soft ground in the interior country; wet and spungy land, but not usually covered with water. This is the true meaning of the word.  Swamps are often mowed.  In England, the word is explained in books by boggy land, morassy or marshy ground.
SWAMP, v.t.  To plunge, whelm or sink in a swamp; to plunge into difficulties inextricable.


Topic: Swamp-ore
Definition:
SWAMP-ORE, n.  In mineralogy, an ore of iron found in swamps and morasses; called also bog-ore, or indurated bog iron ore.  Its color is a dark yellowish brown or gray; its fracture is earthy, and it contains so much phosphoric acid as to injure its tenacity.


Topic: Swan
Definition:
SWAN, n.  A large aquatic fowl of the genus Anas, of two varieties, the wild and the tame.  The plumage is of a pure white color, and its long arching neck gives it a noble appearance.


Topic: Swang
Definition:
SWANG, n.  A piece of low land or green sward, liable to be covered with water.  [Local in England.]


Topic: Swanimote
Definition:
SWAN'IMOTE, n. [swain and mote, meeting.]  In England, a court held before the verderors of the forest as judges, by the steward of the court, thrice every year; the swains or freeholders within the forest composing the jury.  Its principal jurisdiction is to inquire into the oppressions and grievances committed by the officers of the forest.  It receives and tries also presentments certified from the court of attachments against offenses in vert and venison.  This court is incident to a forest, as a court of piepoudre is to a fair.


Topic: Swap
Definition:
SWAP, adv.  Hastily; at a snatch.  [A low word and local.]
SWAP, v.t.  To exchange; to barter; to swop.  [See Swop.]  [This word is not elegant, but common in colloquial language in America.]


Topic: Swape
Definition:
SWAPE, n.  A pole supported by a fulcrum on which it turns, used for raising water from a well, for churning, &c. [This Bailey spells swipe, and in N. England it is pronounced sweep,as in well-sweep.]


Topic: Sward
Definition:
SWARD, n.
1.  The skin of bacon.  [Local.]
2.  The grassy surface of land; turf; that part of the soil which is filled with the roots of grass, forming a kind of mat.  When covered with green grass, it is called green sward.
SWARD, v.t.  To produce sward; to cover with sward.


Topic: Swarm
Definition:
SWARM, n. sworm. [L. ferveo, and boiling is very expressive of the motions of a swarm of bees.  See the Verb.]
1.  In a general sense, a large number or body of small animals or insects, particularly when in motion; but appropriately, a great number of honey bees which emigrate from a hive at once, and seek new lodgings under the direction of a queen; or a like body of bees united and settled permanently in a hive.  The bees that leave a hive in spring, are the young bees produced in the year preceding.  Ex.8. Judges 14.
2.  A swarm or multitude; particularly, a multitude of people in motion.  Swarms of northern nations overran the south of Europe in the fifth century.
Note.--The application of this word to inanimate things, as swarms of advantages, by Shakespeare, and swarms of themes, by Young, is not legitimate, for the essence of the word is motion.
SWARM, v.i.  sworm.
1.  To collect and depart from a hive by flight in a body, as bees. Bees swarm in warm, clear days in summer.
2.  To appear or collect in a crowd; to run; to throng together; to congregate in a multitude.
 In crowds around the swarming people join.
3.  To be crowded; to be thronged with a multitude of animals in motion.  The forests in America often swarm with wild pigeons.  The northern seas in spring swarm with herrings.
 Every place swarms with soldiers.
[Such phrases as 'life swarms with ills,' 'those days swarmed with fables,' are not legitimate, or wholly obsolete.
4.  To breed multitudes.
5.  To climb, as a tree, by embracing it with the arms and legs, and scrambling.
 At the top was placed a piece of money, as a prize for those who could swarm up and seize it.
Note.--This, by the common people in New England, is pronounced squirm or squurm, and it is evidently formed on worm, indicating that worm and warm, on which swarm and squirm are formed, are radically the same word.  The primary sense is to bend, wind, twist, as a worm, or a swarm of bees.  It may be formed on the foot of veer, vary.
SWARM, v.t. To crowd or throng.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Swarth
Definition:
SWARTH, sworth, a.
1.  Being of a dark hue; moderately black; tawny.
 A nation strange with visage swart.
[I believe swart and swarth are never used in the United States, certainly not in New England. Swarthy is a common word.]
2.  Gloomy; malignant.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Swarthy
Definition:
SWARTH'Y, a.  [See Swart.]  Being of a dark hue or dusky complexion; tawny.  In warm climates, the complexion of men is universally swarthy or black.  The Moors, Spaniards and Italians are more swarthy than the French, Germans and English.
 Their swarthy hosts would darken all our plains.
1.  Black; as the swarthy African.


Topic: Swash
Definition:
SWASH, n. An oval figure, whose moldings are oblique to the axis of the work. [A cant word.]
SWASH, n.  A blustering noise; a vaporing.  [Not in use or vulgar.]
1.  Impulse of water flowing with violence.  In the southern states of America, swash or swosh is a name given to a narrow sound or channel of water lying within a sand bank, or between that and the shore.  Many such are found on the shores of the Carolinas.
SWASH, v.i.  To bluster; to make a great noise; to vapor or brag.  [Not in use.]
SWASH


Topic: Swath
Definition:
SWATH, n. swoth.
1.  A  line of grass or grain cut and thrown together by the sythe in mowing or cradling.
2.  The whole breadth or sweep of a sythe in mowing or cradling; as a wide swath.
3.  A band or fillet.  They wrapped me in a hundred yards of swath.


Topic: Swathe
Definition:
SWATHE, v.t.  To bind with a band, bandage or rollers; as, to swathe a child.
1.  To bind or wrap.
 Their children are never swathed or bound about with any thing when first born.


Topic: Sway
Definition:
SWAY, v.t.
1.  To move or wave; to wield with the hand; as, to sway the scepter.
2.  To bias; to cause to lean or incline to one side.  Let not temporal advantages sway you from the line of duty.  The king was swayed by his council from the course he intended to pursue.
 As bowls run true by being made
 On purpose false, and to be sway'd.
3.  To rule; to govern; to influence or direct by power and authority, or by moral force.
 This was the race
 To sway the world, and land and sea subdue.
 She could not sway her house.
 Take heed lest passion sway
 Thy judgment to do aught which else free will
 Would not admit.
SWAY, v.i.  To be drawn to one side by weight; to lean.  A wall sways to the west.
 The balance sways on our part.
[This sense seems to indicate that this word and swag, are radically one.]
1.  To have weight or influence.
 The example of sundry churches--doth sway much.
2.  To bear rule; to govern.
 Had'st thou sway'd as kings should do--
3.  In seamen's language, to  hoist, particularly applied to the lower yards and to the topmast yards, &c.
SWAY, n.  The swing or sweep of a weapon.
 To strike with huge two-handed sway.
1.  Any thing moving with bulk and power.
 Are not you mov'd when all the sway of earth.
 Shakes like a thing unfirm?
2.  Preponderation; turn or cast of balance.
 --Expert
 When to advance, or stand, or turn the sway of battle.
3.  Power exerted in governing; rule; dominion; control.
 When vice prevails and impious men bear sway,
 The post of honor is a private station.
4.  Influence; weight or authority that inclines to one side; as the sway of desires.  All the world is subject to the sway of fashion.


Topic: Swaying
Definition:
SWA'YING, ppr.  Wielding; causing to lean; biasing; ruling.
SWA'YING, n.  Swaying of the back, among beasts, is a kind of lumbago, caused by a fall or by being overloaded.


Topic: Sweal
Definition:
SWEAL, v.i.
1.  To melt and run down, as the tallow of a candle; to waste away without feeding the flame.
2.  To blaze away.


Topic: Swear
Definition:
SWEAR, v.i. pret. swore.  [Eng. veer; L. assevero.]
1.  To affirm or utter a solemn declaration, with an appeal to God for the truth of what is affirmed.
 Ye shall not swear by my name falsely.  Lev.19.
 But I say unto you, swear not at all. Matt.5.
2.  To promise upon oath.
 Jacob said, swear to me this day; and he swore to him. Gen.25.
3.  To give evidence an oath; as, to swear to the truth of a statement.  He swore that the prisoner was not present at the riot.
4.  To be profane; to practice profaneness.
Certain classes of men are accustomed to swear.  For men to swear is sinful, disreputable and odious; but for females or ladies to swear, appears more abominable and scandalous.
SWEAR, v.t.  To utter or affirm with  a solemn appeal to God for the truth of the declaration; as, to swear on oath.  [This seems to have been the primitive use of swear; that is, to affirm.]
1.  To put to an oath; to cause to take an oath; as, to swear witnesses in court; to swear a jury; the witness has been sworn; the judges are sworn into office.
2.  To declare or charge upon oath; as, to swear treason against a man.
3.  To obtest by an oath.
 Now by Apollo, king, thou swear'st thy gods in vain.
To swear the peace against one, to make oath that one is under the actual fear of death or bodily harm from the person; in which case the person must find sureties of the peace.


Topic: Swearer
Definition:
SWEARER, n.  One who swears; one who calls God to witness for the truth of his declaration.
1.  A profane person.
 Then the liars and swearers are fools.


Topic: Swearing
Definition:
SWEARING, ppr.  Affirming upon oath; uttering a declaration, with an appeal to God for the truth of it.
1.  Putting upon oath; causing to swear.
SWEARING, n.  The act or practice of affirming on oath.  Swearing in court is lawful.
1.  Profaneness.  All swearing not required by some law, or in conformity with law, is criminal.  False swearing or perjury is a crime of a deep dye.


Topic: Sweat
Definition:
SWEAT, n. swet. [L. sudor.]
1.  The fluid or sensible moisture which issues out of the pores of the skin of an animal.
 In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread. Gen.3.
2.  Labor; toil; drudgery.
3.  Moisture evacuated from any substance; as the sweat of hay or grain in a mow or stack.
SWEAT, v.i.  swet. pret. and pp. sweat or sweated.  Swot is obsolete.  [L. sudo.]
1.  To emit sensible moisture through the pores of the skin; to perspire.  Horses sweat; oxen sweat little or not at all.]
2.  To toil; to labor; to drudge.
 He'd have the poets sweat.
3.  To emit moisture, as green plants in a heap.
SWEAT, v.t. swet.  To emit or suffer to flow from the pores; to exsude.
 For him the rich Arabia sweats her gums.
1.  To cause to emit moisture from the pores of the skin.  His physicians attempted to sweat him by the most powerful sudorifics.
They sweat him profusely.


Topic: Sweating
Definition:
SWEAT'ING, ppr.  Emitting moisture from the pores of the skin; throwing our moisture; exuding.
1. Causing to emit moisture upon the skin.


Topic: Sweating-bath
Definition:
SWEAT'ING-BATH, n.  A sudatory; a bath for exciting sensible perspiration or sweat; a hypocaust or stove.


Topic: Sweating-room
Definition:
SWEAT'ING-ROOM,  n.  A room for sweating persons.
1.  In rural economy, a room for sweating cheese and carrying off the superfluous juices.


Topic: Sweating-sickness
Definition:
SWEAT'ING-SICKNESS, n. A febril epidemic disease which prevailed in some countries of Europe, but particularly in England, in the 15th and 16th centuries.  Its first appearance was in the army of the earl of Richmond, afterward Henry VII on his landing at Milford haven, in 1485.  The invasion of the disease was sudden, and usually marked by a local affection producing the sensation of intense heat, afterwards diffusing itself over the whole body, and immediately followed by profuse sweating, which continued through the whole course of the disease or till death, which often happened in a few hours.


Topic: Sweaty
Definition:
SWEAT'Y, a. Moist with sweat; as a sweaty skin; a sweaty garment.
1.  Consisting of sweat.
 No noisy whiffs or sweaty streams.
2.  Laborious; toilsome; as the sweaty forge.


Topic: Swedish-turnep
Definition:
SWE'DISH-TURNEP, n.  The ruta baga, a hard sort of turnep, of two kinds, the white and the yellow.  The latter is most valued.


Topic: Sweep
Definition:
SWEEP, v.t. pret. and pp. swept.
1.  To brush or rub over with a brush, broom or besom, for removing loose dirt; to clean by brushing; as, to sweep a chimney or a floor.  When we say, to sweep a room, we mean, to sweep the floor of the room; and to sweep the house, is to sweep the floors of the house.
2.  To carry with a long swinging or dragging motion; to carry with pomp.
 And like a peacock, sweep along his tail.
3.  To drive or carry along or off by a long brushing stroke or force, or by flowing on the earth.  Thus the wind sweeps the snow from the tops of the hills; a river sweeps away a dam, timber or rubbish; a flood sweeps away a bridge or a house.  Hence,
4.  To drive, destroy or carry off many at a stroke, or with celerity and violence; as, a pestilence sweeps off multitudes in a few days.  The conflagration swept away whole streets of houses.
 I have already swept the stakes.
5.  To rub over.
 Their long descending train,
 With rubies edg'd and sapphires, swept the plain.
6.  To strike with a long stroke.
 Wake into voice each silent string,
 And sweep the sounding lyre.
7.  To draw or drag over; as, to sweep the bottom of a river with a net, or with the bight of a rope, to hook an anchor.
SWEEP, v.i.  To pass with swiftness and violence, as something broad or brushing the surface of any thing; as a sweeping rain; a sweeping flood.  A fowl that flies near the surface of land or water, is said to sweep along near the surface.
1.  To pass over or brush along with celerity and force; as, the wind sweeps along the plain.
2.  To pass with pomp; as, a person sweeps along with a trail.
 She sweeps it through the court with troops of ladies.
3.  To move with a long reach; as a sweeping stroke.
SWEEP, n.  The act of sweeping.
1.  The compass of a stroke; as a long sweep.
2.  The compass of any turning body or motion; as the sweep of a door.
3. The compass of any thing flowing or brushing; as, the flood carried away every thing within its sweep.
4.  Violent and general destruction; as the sweep of an epidemic disease.
5.  Direction of any motion not rectilinear; as the sweep of a compass.
6.  The mold of a ship when she begins to compass in, at the rung heads; also, any part of a ship shaped by the segment of a circle; as a floor-sweep; a back-sweep, &c.
7.  Among refiners of metals, the almost-furnace.
8.  Among seamen, a large oar, used to assist the rudder in turning a ship in a calm, or to increase her velocity in a chase, &c.
Sweep of the tiller, a circular frame on which the tiller traverses in large ships.


Topic: Sweeping
Definition:
SWEE'PING, ppr. Brushing over; rubbing with a broom or besom; cleaning with a broom or besom; brushing along; passing over; dragging over.


Topic: Sweepings
Definition:
SWEE'PINGS, n. plu.  Things collected by sweeping; rubbish. The sweepings of streets are often used as manure.


Topic: Sweepy
Definition:
SWEE'PY, a.  Passing with speed and violence over a great compass at once.
 The branches bend before their sweepy sway.
1.  Strutting.
2.  Wavy.


Topic: Sweet
Definition:
SWEET, a. [L. suavis.]
1.  Agreeable or grateful to the taste; as, sugar or honey is sweet.
2. Pleasing to the smell; fragrant; as a sweet rose; sweet odor; sweet incense.  Ex.26.
3.  Pleasing to the ear; soft; melodious; harmonious; as the sweet notes of a flute or an organ; sweet music; a sweet voice.
4.  Pleasing to the eye; beautiful; as a sweet face; a sweet color or complexion; a sweet form.
5.  Fresh; not salt; as sweet water.
6.  Not sour; as sweet fruits; sweet oranges.
7.  Mild; soft; gentle.
 Canst thou bind the sweet influences of Pleiades? 
Job 38.
8.  Mild; soft; kind; obliging; as sweet manners.
9.  Grateful; pleasing.
 Sweet interchange of hill and valley.
    10. Making soft or excellent music; as a sweet singer.
    11. Not stale; as sweet butter. The bread is sweet.
    12. Not turned; not sour; as sweet milk.
    13. Not putrescent or putrid; as, the meat is sweet.
SWEET, n.  Something pleasing or grateful to the mind; as the sweets of domestic life.
 A little bitter mingled in our cup, leaves no relish of the sweet.
1.  A sweet substance; particularly, any vegetable juice which is added to wines to improve them.
2.  A perfume.
3.  A word of endearment.
4.  Cane juice, melasses,or other sweet vegetable substance.


Topic: Sweet-briar
Definition:
SWEET-BRIAR, n. [sweet and briar.]  A shrubby plant of the genus Rosa, cultivated for its fragrant smell.


Topic: Sweet-william
Definition:
SWEET-WIL'LIAM, n. The name of several species of pink, of the genus Dianthus.
The Dianthus barbatus, a species of pink of many varieties.


Topic: Sweeten
Definition:
SWEETEN, v.t. swee'tn.  To make sweet; as, to sweeten tea or coffee.
1.  To make pleasing or grateful to the mind; as, to sweeten life; to sweeten friendship.
2.  To make mild or kind; as, to sweeten the temper.
3.  To make less painful; as, to sweeten the cares of life.
4.  To increase agreeable qualities; as, to sweeten the joys or pleasures of life.
5.  To soften; to make delicate.
 Corregio has made his name immortal by the strength he has given to his figures, and by sweetening his lights and shades.
6.  To make pure and salubrious by destroying noxious matter; as, to sweeten rooms or apartments that have been infected; to sweeten the air.
7.  To make warm and fertile; as, to dry and sweeten soils.
8.  To restore to purity; as, to sweeten water, butter or meat.
SWEETEN, v.i. swee'tn.  To become sweet.


Topic: Sweetly
Definition:
SWEE'TLY, adv.  In a sweet manner;gratefully; agreeable.
 He sweetly temper'd awe.
 No poet ever sweetly sung,
 Unless he was, like Phoebus, young.


Topic: Sweetmeat
Definition:
SWEE'TMEAT, n. [sweet and meat.]  Fruit preserved with sugar; as peaches, pears, melons, nuts, orange peel, and the like.


Topic: Sweetness
Definition:
SWEE'TNESS, n.  The quality of being sweet, in any of its senses; as gratefulness to the taste; or to the smell,fragrance; agreeableness to the ear, melody; as sweetness of the voice; sweetness of elocution.
1.  Agreeableness of manners; softness; mildness; obliging civility; as sweetness of behavior.
2.  Softness; mildness; amiableness; as sweetness of temper.


Topic: Swelling
Definition:
SWELL'ING, ppr. Growing or enlarging in its dimensions; growing tumid; inflating; growing tumid; inflating; growing or making louder.
SWELL'ING, n. A tumor,or any morbid enlargement of the natural size; as a swelling on the hand or leg.
1.  Protuberance; prominence.
 The superficies of such plates are not even, but have many cavities and swellings.
2.  A rising or enlargement by passion; as the swellings of anger, grief or pride.


Topic: Swelt
Definition:
SWELT, for swelled, is not in use.
SWELT, v.i.  To faint; to swoon.
SWELT, v.t.  To overpower, as with heat; to cause to faint. [We now use swelter.]


Topic: Swelter
Definition:
SWELT'ER, v.i. [from swelt.]  To be overcome and faint with heat; to be ready to perish with heat.
SWELT'ER, v.t.  To oppress with heat.


Topic: Sweltry
Definition:
SWELT'RY, a. Suffocating with heat; oppressive with heat; sultry. [See Sultry, which is probably a contraction of sweltry.]


Topic: Swerve
Definition:
SWERVE, v.i. swerv.
1.  To wander; to rove.
 The swerving vines on the tall elms prevail.
2.  To wander from any line prescribed, or from a rule of duty; to depart from what is established by law, duty or custom; to deviate.
 I swerve not from thy commandments.
 They swerve from the strict letter of the law.
Many who, through the contagion of evil example, swerve exceedingly from the rules of their holy religion--
3.  To bend; to incline.
4.  To climb or move forward by winding or turning.
 The tree was high,
 Yet nimbly up from bough to bough I swerv'd.
[This use of the word coincides with that of swarm, which see.]


Topic: Swerving
Definition:
SWERV'ING, ppr.  Roving; wandering; deviating from any rule or standard; inclining; climbing or moving by winding and turning.
SWERV'ING, n.  The act of wandering; deviation from any rule, law, duty or standard.


Topic: Swift
Definition:
SWIFT, a.
1.  Moving a great distance or over a large space in a short time; moving with celerity or velocity; fleet; rapid; quick; speedy.  We say, soft winds, a swift stream, swift lightnings, swift motion, swift as thought, a fowl swift of wing, a man swift of foot.  Swift is applicable to any kind of motion.
2.  Ready; prompt.
 Let every man be swift to hear, slow to speak, slow to wrath.  James 1.
3.  Speedy; that comes without delay.
 There shall be false teachers among you, who shall privily bring in damnable heresies, even denying the Lord that bought them, and bring upon themselves swift destruction. 2 Pet.2.
SWIFT, n.  The current of a stream. [Little used.]
1.  In domestic affairs, a reel or turning instrument for winding yarn.  [This is a sense directly from the Saxon verb.]
2.  A bird, a species of swallow, so called from the rapidity of its flight.
3.  The common newt or eft, a species of lizard.


Topic: Swifter
Definition:
SWIFT'ER, n.  In a ship, a rope used to confine the bars of the capstan in their sockets, while men are turning it; also, a rope used to encircle a boat longitudinally, to strengthen and defend her sides from the impulse of other boats. Swifters also are two shrouds fixed on the starboard and larboard sides of the lower masts, above all the other shrouds, to give the masts additional security.
SWIFT'ER, v.t.  To stretch, as shrouds by tackles.


Topic: Swiftly
Definition:
SWIFT'LY, adv.  Fleetly; rapidly; with celerity; with quick motion or velocity.
 Pleas'd with the passage, we slide swiftly on.


Topic: Swiftness
Definition:
SWIFT'NESS, n. Speed; rapid motion; quickness; celerity; velocity; rapidity.  Swiftness is a word of general import, applicable to every kind of motion, and to every thing that moves; as the swiftness of a bird; the swiftness of a stream; swiftness of descent in a falling body; swiftness of thought, &c.


Topic: Swig
Definition:
SWIG, v.t. or i.  To drink by large draughts; to suck greedily.
SWIG, n.  A large draught.  [Vulgar.]
1.  In seamen's language, a pulley with ropes which are not parallel.
SWIG, v.t.  To castrate, as a ram, by binding the testicles tight with a string.  [Local.]


Topic: Swill
Definition:
SWILL, v.t.
1.  To drink grossly or greedily; as, to swill down great quantities of liquors.
2.  To wash; to drench.
3.  To inebriate; to swell with fullness.
 I should be loth
 To meet the rudeness and swill'd insolence
 Of such late wassailers.
SWILL, n.  Large draughts of liquor; or drink taken in excessive quantities.
1.  The wash or mixture of liquid substances, given to swine; called in some places swillings.


Topic: Swim
Definition:
SWIM, v.i.
1.  To float; to be supported on water or other fluid; not to sink. Most species of wood will swim in water.  Any substance will swim, whose specific gravity is less than that of the fluid in which it is immersed.
2.  To move progressively in water by means of the motion of the hands and feet, or of fins.  In Paris, boys are taught to swim by instructors appointed for that purpose.  Is.25.
 Leap in with me into this angry flood,
 And swim to yonder point.
3.  To float; to be borne along by a current.  In all states there are men who will swim with the tide of popular opinion.
4.  To glide along with a smooth motion, or with a waving motion.
 She with pretty and with swimming gait.
 A  hov'ring mist came swimming o'er his sight.
5.  To be dizzy or vertiginous; to have a waving motion of the head or a sensation of that kind, or a reeling of the body. The head swims when we walk on high.
6.  To be floated; to be overflowed or drenched; as,the earth swims in rain.
 Sudden the ditches swell, the meadows swim.
 All the night I make my bed to swim; I water my couch with my tears.  Ps.6.
7.  To overflow; to abound; to have abundance.
 They now swim in joy.
SWIM, v.t.  To pass or move on; as, to swim a stream.  Deer are known to swim rivers and sounds.
 Sometimes he thought to swim the stormy main.
1.  To immerse in water that the lighter parts may swim; as, to swim wheat for seed.


Topic: Swimming
Definition:
SWIM'MING, ppr.  Floating on a fluid; moving on a fluid; having a waving or reeling motion; overflowing; abounding.
SWIM'MING, n.  The act or art of moving on the water by means of the limbs; a floating.
1.  Dizziness.


Topic: Swindle
Definition:
SWIN'DLE, v.t.  To cheat and defraud grossly, or with deliberate artifice; as, to swindle a man out of his property.


Topic: Swindler
Definition:
SWIN'DLER, n.  A cheat; a rogue; one who defrauds grossly, or one who makes a practice of defrauding others by imposition or deliberate artifice.


Topic: Swine
Definition:
SWINE, n. sing. and plu.  A hog, a quadruped of the genus Sus, which furnishes man with a large portion of his most nourishing food.  The fat or lard of this animal enters into various dishes in cookery.  The swine is a heavy, stupid animal, and delights to wallow in the mire.


Topic: Swine-oat
Definition:
SWI'NE-OAT, n. [swine and oat.]  A kind of oats, cultivated for the use of pigs, as in Cornwall; the Avena nuda of botanists.


Topic: Swine-stone
Definition:
SWI'NE-STONE, n. [swine and stone.] A name given to those kinds of
limestone which, when rubbeD, emit a fetid odor, resembling that of naphtha combined with sulphurated hydrogen.


Topic: Swing
Definition:
SWING, v.i. pret. and pp. swung.
1.  To move to and fro, as a body suspended in the air; to wave; to vibrate.
 I tried if a pendulum would swing faster, or continue swinging longer in our receiver, if exhausted.
2.  To practice swinging; as, a man swings for health or pleasure.
3.  To move or float; also, to turn round an anchor; as, a ship swings with the tide.
SWING, v.t.  To make to play loosely; to cause to wave or vibrate; as a body suspended in the air.
1. To whirl round in the air.
 --Swing thee in air, then dash thee down.
2.  To wave; to move to and from; as, a man swings his arms when he walks.
 He swings his tail, and swiftly turns him round.
3.  To brandish; to flourish.
SWING, n.  A waving or vibratory motion; oscillation; as the swing of a pendulum.
1.  Motion from one side to the other. A haughty man struts or walks with a swing.
2.  A line, cord or other thing suspended and hanging loose; also, an apparatus suspended for persons to swing in.
3.  Influence or power of a body put in motion.
 The ram that batters down the wall,
 For the great swing and rudeness of his poise--
4.  Free course; unrestrained liberty or license.
 Take thy swing. 
 To prevent any thing which may prove an obstacle to the full swing of his genius.
5. The sweep or compass of a moving body.
6.  Unrestrained tendency; as the prevailing swing of corrupt nature; the swing of propensities.


Topic: Swing-wheel
Definition:
SWING'-WHEEL, n. [swing and wheel.]  In a time piece, the wheel which drives the pendulum. In a watch, or balance clock, it is called the crown-wheel.


Topic: Swinge
Definition:
SWINGE, v.t. swinj.  
1.  To beat soundly; to whip; to bastinade; to chastise; to punish.
 You swing'd me for my love.
 --And swings his own vices in his son.
2.  To move as a lash.  [Not in use.]
[This verb is obsolescent and vulgar.]
SWINGE, n. swinj.  A sway; a swing; the sweep of any thing in motion  [Not in use.]


Topic: Swinging
Definition:
SWING'ING, ppr. of swing.  Waving; vibrating; brandishing.
SWING'ING, n.  The act of swinging; an exercise for health or pleasure.


Topic: Swingle
Definition:
SWIN'GLE, v.i. [from swing.]  To dangle; to wave hanging.
1.  To swing for pleasure.  [Not in use.]
SWIN'GLE, v.t.  To beat; to clean flax by beating it with a wooden instrument resembling a large knife, and called in New England a swingling knife. Flax is first broke and then swingled.
SWIN'GLE, n.  In wire-works, a wooden spoke fixed to the barrel that draws the wire; also, a crank.


Topic: Swinish
Definition:
SWI'NISH, a. [from swine.]  Befitting swine; like swine; gross; hoggish; brutal; as a swinish drunkard or sot; swinish gluttony.


Topic: Swink
Definition:
SWINK, v.i.  To labor; to toil; to drudge.
SWINK, v.t.  To overlabor.
SWINK, n.  Labor; toil; drudgery.


Topic: Switch
Definition:
SWITCH, n.  A small flexible twig or rod.
 On the medal, Mauritania leads a horse by a thread with one hand, and in the other holds a switch.
SWITCH, v.t. To strike with a small twig or rod; to beat; to lash.
SWITCH, v.i.  To walk with a jerk.


Topic: Swivel
Definition:
SWIVEL, n. swiv'l.
1.  A ring which turns upon a staple; or a strong link of iron used in mooring ships, and which permits the bridles to be turned round; any ring or staple that turns.
2.  A small cannon or piece of artillery, carrying a shot of half a pound, fixed on a socket on the top of a ship's side, stern or bow, or in her tops, in such a manner as to be turned in any direction.
SWIVEL, v.i. swiv'l.  To turn on a staple, pin or pivot.


Topic: Swivel-hook
Definition:
SWIV'EL-HOOK, n.  A hook that turns in the end of an iron block strap, for the ready taking the turns out of a tackle.


Topic: Swobber
Definition:
SWOB'BER, n.  One who swabs or cleans with a mop.  [See Swabber.]
1.  Swobbers, four privileged cards, only used incidentally in betting at the game of whist.


Topic: Swoon
Definition:
SWOON, v.i.  To faint; to sink into a fainting fit, in which there is a suspension of the apparent vital functions and mental powers.
 The most in years swoon'd first away for pain.
 He seemed ready to swoon away in the surprise of joy.
SWOON, n.  A fainting fit; lipothymy; syncope.


Topic: Swoop
Definition:
SWOOP, v.t. [This is probably from sweep, or the same root.]
1.  To fall on at once and seize; to catch while on the wing; as, a hawk swoops a chicken; a kite swoops up a mouse.
2. To seize; to catchup; to take with a sweep.
3.  To pass with violence.
SWOOP, v.i. To pass with pomp.
SWOOP, n.  A falling on and seizing, as of a rapacious fowl on his prey.
 The eagle fell--and carried away a whole litter of cubs at a swoop.


Topic: Swop
Definition:
SWOP, v.t.  To exchange; to barter; to give one commodity for another.  [See Swap.  This is a common word, but not in elegant use.]


Topic: Sword
Definition:
SWORD, n.
1.  An offensive weapon worn at the side, and used by hand either for thrusting or cutting.
2.  Figuratively, destruction by war.
 I will bring a sword upon you.  Lev.26.  Is.51.
3.  Vengeance or justice.
 She quits the balance, and resigns the sword.
4.  Emblem of authority and power.
 The ruler--beareth not the sword in vain. Rom.13.
5.  War; dissension.
 I came not to send peace, but a sword.  Matt.10.
6.  Emblem of triumph and protection.
 The Lord--the sword of thy excellence.  Deut.33.


Topic: Sword-bearer
Definition:
SWORD-BEARER, n. [sword and bear.]  An officer in the city of London, who carries a sword as an emblem of justice before the lord mayor when he goes abroad.


Topic: Sword-fish
Definition:
SWORD-FISH, n. [sword and fish.]  A genus of fishes called in ichthyology, xiphias; so named from the nose, snout or upper jaw, which is shaped like a sword.


Topic: Sword-player
Definition:
SWORD-PLAYER, n. [sword and player.]  A fencer; a gladiator; one who exhibits his skill in the use of the sword.


Topic: Sworn
Definition:
SWORN, pp. of swear.  The officers of government are sworn to a faithful discharge of their duty.
Sworn friends, is a phrase equivalent to determined, close or firm friends.
 I am sworn brother, sweet,
 To grim necessity.
Sworn enemies, are determined or irreconcilable enemies.


Topic: Sycamore
Definition:
SYC'AMORE, n. [Gr. a fig.]  A species of fig-tree.  The name is also given to the Acer majus, [A.pseudo-platanus,] a species of maple.
This name is also given to the plane tree or button-wood, of the genus Platanus.


Topic: Sycamore-moth
Definition:
SYC'AMORE-MOTH, n.  A large and beautiful moth or night butterfly; so called because its caterpillar feeds on the leaves of the sycamore.


Topic: Sycite
Definition:
SYC'ITE, n. [Gr. fig.]  Fig-stone; a name which some authors give to nodules of flint or pebbles which resemble a fig.


Topic: Sycophancy
Definition:
SYC'OPHANCY, n. [infra.]  Originally, information of the clandestine exportation of figs; hence, mean talebearing; obsequious flattery; servility.


Topic: Sycophant
Definition:
SYC'OPHANT, n. [Gr. a fig, and to discover.] Originally, an informer against those who stole figs, or exported them contrary to law, &c.  Hence in time it came to signify a talebearer or informer, in general; hence, a parasite; a mean flatterer; especially a flatterer of princes and great men; hence, a deceiver; an impostor.  Its most general use is in the sense of an obsequious flatterer or parasite.
SYC'OPHANT


Topic: Sycophantic
Definition:
SYCOPHANT'IC, a.  Talebearing; more generally, obsequiously flattering; parasitic; courting favor by mean adulation.
1.  Sycophantic plants, or parasites, are such as adhere to other plants, and depend on them for support.


Topic: Sycophantize
Definition:
SYC'OPHANTIZE, v.t. To play the sycophant; to flatter meanly and officiously; to inform or tell tales for gaining favor.


Topic: Syllabication
Definition:
SYLLABICA'TION, n.  The act of forming syllables; the act or method of dividing words into syllables.


Topic: Syllable
Definition:
SYL'LABLE, n. [L. syllaba; Gr. to comprehend, and to take.]
1.  A letter, or a combination of letters, uttered together, or at a single effort or impulse of the voice.  A vowel may form a syllable by itself, as a, the definitive, or in amen; e in even; o in over, and the like.  A syllable may also be formed of a vowel and one consonant, as in go, do, in, at; or a syllable may be formed by a vowel with two articulations, one preceding, the other following it, as in can, but, tun; or a syllable may consist of a combination of consonants, with one vowel or diphthong, as strong, short, camp, voice.
A syllable sometimes forms a word, and is then significant, as in go, run, write, sun, moon.  In other cases, a syllable is merely part of a word, and by itself is not significant.  Thus ac, in active, has no signification.
At least one vowel or open sound is essential to the formation of a syllable; hence in every word there must be as many syllables as there are single vowels, or single vowels and diphthongs.  A word is called according to the number of syllables it contains, viz.
Monosyllable, a word of one syllable.
Dissyllable, a word of two syllables.
Trisyllable, a word of three syllables.
Polysyllable, a word of many syllables.
2.  A small part of a sentence or discourse; something very concise.  This account contains not a syllable of truth.
 Before a syllable of the law of God was written.
SYL'LABLE, v.t.  To utter; to articulate.  [Not used.]


Topic: Syllabus
Definition:
SYL'LABUS, n. [L. from the same source as syllable.]  An abstract; a compendium containing the heads of a discourse.


Topic: Syllepsis
Definition:
SYLLEP'SIS, n. [Gr. See Syllable.]
1.  In grammar, a figure by which we conceive the sense of words otherwise than the words import, and construe them according to the intention of the author; otherwise called substitution.
2.  The agreement of a verb or adjective, not with the word next to it, but with the most worthy in the sentence; as, rex et regina beati.


Topic: Syllogism
Definition:
SYL'LOGISM, n. [L. syllogismus; Gr. with, and to speak; to think.]
A form or reasoning or argument, consisting of three propositions, of which the two first are called the premises, and the last the conclusion. In this argument, the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises; so that if the two first propositions are true, the conclusion must be true, and the argument amounts to demonstration.  Thus,
A plant has not the power of locomotion;
An oak is a plant;
Therefore an oak has not the power of locomotion.
These propositions are denominated the major, the minor, and the conclusion.


Topic: Syllogistically
Definition:
SYLLOGIS'TICALLY, adv.  In the form of a syllogism; by means of syllogisms; as, to reason or prove syllogistically.


Topic: Syllogize
Definition:
SYL'LOGIZE, v.i.  To reason by syllogisms.
 Men have endeavored to teach boys to syllogize, or to frame arguments and refute them, without real knowledge.


Topic: Sylva
Definition:
SYL'VA, n. [L. a wood or forest.] In poetry, a poetical piece composed in a start or kind of transport.
1.  A collection of poetical pieces of various kinds.


Topic: Symbol
Definition:
SYM'BOL, n. [L. symbolum; Gr. with, and to throw; to compare.]
1.  The sign or representation of any moral thing by the images or properties of natural things.  Thus the lion is the symbol of courage; the lamb is the symbol of meekness or patience.  Symbols are of various kinds, as types, enigmas, parables, fables, allegories, emblems, hieroglyphics, &c.
2.  An emblem or representation of something else.  Thus in the eucharist, the bread and wine are called symbols of the body and blood of Christ.
3.  A letter or character which is significant.  The Chinese letters are most of them symbols.  The symbols in algebra are arbitrary.
4.  In medals, a certain mark or figure representing a being or thing, as a trident is the symbol of Neptune, the peacock of June, &c.
5.  Among christians, an abstract or compendium; the creed, or a summary of the articles of religion.
6.  Lot; sentence of adjudication.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Symbolically
Definition:
SYMBOL'ICALLY, adv. By representation or resemblance of properties; by signs; typically.  Courage is symbolically represented by a lion.


Topic: Symbolize
Definition:
SYM'BOLIZE, v.i.  To have a resemblance of qualities or properties.
 The pleasing of color symbolizeth with the pleasing of a single tone to the ear, but the pleasing of order doth symbolize with harmony.
 They both symbolize in this, that they love to look upon themselves through multiplying gasses.
SYM'BOLIZE, v.t.  To make to agree in properties.
1.  To make representative of something.
 Some symbolize the same from the mystery of its colors.


Topic: Symbolizing
Definition:
SYM'BOLIZING, ppr. Representing by some properties in common; making to agree or resemble in properties.


Topic: Symmetry
Definition:
SYM'METRY, n. [Gr. with, together, and to measure.]  A due proportion of the several parts of a body to each other; adaptation of the dimensions of the several parts of a thing to each other; or the union and conformity of the members of a work to the whole. Symmetry arises from the proportion which the Greeks call analogy, which is the relation of conformity of all the parts to a certain measure; as the symmetry of a building or an animal body.
Uniform symmetry, in architecture, is where the same ordonnance reigns throughout the whole.
symmetry, is where only the opposite sides are equal to each other.


Topic: Sympathetically
Definition:
SYMPATHET'ICALLY, adv.  With sympathy or common feeling; inconsequence of sympathy; by communication from something else.


Topic: Sympathize
Definition:
SYM'PATHIZE, v.i.
1.  To have a common feeling, as of bodily pleasure or pain.
 The mind will sympathize so much with the anguish and debility of the body, that it will be too distracted to fix itself in meditation.
2.  To feel in consequence of what another feels; to be affected by feelings similar to those of another, in consequence of knowing the person to be thus affected.  We sympathize with our friends in distress; we fell some pain when we see them pained, or when we are informed of their distresses, even at a distance.
[It is generally and properly used of suffering or pain, and not of pleasure or joy.  It may be sometimes used with greater latitude.
3.  To agree; to fit.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Sympathy
Definition:
SYM'PATHY, n. [Gr. with, and passion.]
1.  Fellow feeling; the quality of being affected by the affection of another, with feelings by the affection of another, with feelings correspondent in kind, if not in degree.  We feel sympathy for another when we see him in distress, or when we are informed of his distresses.  This sympathy is a correspondent feeling of pain or regret.
 Sympathy is produced through the medium of organic impression.
 I value myself upon sympathy; I hate and despise myself for envy.
2.  An agreement of affections or inclinations, or a conformity of natural temperament, which makes two persons pleased with each other.
 To such associations may be attributed most of the sympathies and antipathies of our nature.
3. In medicine, a correspondence of various parts of the body in similar sensations or affections; or an affection of the whole body or some part of it, in consequence of an injury or disease of another part, or of a local affection.  Thus a contusion on the head will produce nausea and vomiting.  This is said to be by sympathy, or consent of parts.
4. In natural history, a propension of inanimate things to unite, or to act on each other.  Thus we say, there is a sympathy between the lodestone and iron.


Topic: Symphonious
Definition:
SYMPHO'NIOUS, a. [from symphony.]  Agreeing in sound; accordant; harmonious.
 --Sounds
 Symphonious of ten thousand harps.


Topic: Symphony
Definition:
SYM'PHONY, n. [L. symphonia; Gr. with, and voice.]
1.  A consonance or harmony of sounds agreeable to the ear, whether the sounds are vocal or instrumental, or both.
 The trumpets sound,
 And warlike symphony is heard around.
2.  A musical instrument, mentioned by French writers.
3.  A full concert.
4.  An overture or other composition for instruments.


Topic: Symphysis
Definition:
SYM'PHYSIS, n. [Gr. together, and to grow.]
1. In anatomy, the union of bones by cartilage; a connection of bones without a movable joint.
2. In surgery, a coalescence of a natural passage; also, the first intention of cure in a wound.


Topic: Symposiac
Definition:
SYMPOSIAC, a. sympo'ziac. [Gr. a drinking together; together, and to drink.]  Pertaining to compotations and merry-making; happening where company is drinking together; as symposiac meetings.
Symposiac disputations. [Not much used.]


Topic: Symptom
Definition:
SYMP'TOM, n. [Gr. a falling or accident, to fall.]
1. Properly, something that happens in concurrence with another thing, as an attendant.  Hence in medicine, any affection which accompanies disease; a perceptible change in the body or its functions, which indicates disease.  The causes of disease often lie beyond our sight, but we learn the nature of them by the symptoms.  Particular symptoms which more uniformly accompany a morbid state of the body,and are characteristic of it, are called pathognomonic or diagnostic symptoms.
2.  A sign or token; that which indicates the existence of something else; as, open murmurs of the people are a symptom of disaffection to law or government.


Topic: Symptomatology
Definition:
SYMPTOMATOL'OGY, n. [Gr. discourse.]  The doctrine of symptoms; that part of the science of medicine which treats of the symptoms of diseases.


Topic: Synagogue
Definition:
SYNAGOGUE, n. syn'agog. [Gr. together, and to drive; properly an assembly.]
1.  A congregation or assembly of Jews, met for the purpose of worship or the performance of religious rites.
2.  The house appropriated to the religious worship of the Jews.
3.  The court of the seventy elders among the Jews, called the great synagogue.


Topic: Synagris
Definition:
SYN'AGRIS, n.  A fish caught in the Archipelago, resembling the dentex.  It has a sharp back, and is reckoned a species of Sparus.


Topic: Synalepha
Definition:
SYNALE'PHA, n. [Gr.] In grammar, a contraction of syllables by suppressing some vowel or diphthong at the end of a word, before another vowel or diphthong; as ill' ego for ille ego.


Topic: Synarthrosis
Definition:
SYNARTHRO'SIS, n. [Gr. with, and to articulate.]  Union of bones without motion; close union; as in sutures, symphysis and the like.


Topic: Synaxis
Definition:
SYNAX'IS, n. [Gr. to congregate.]  A congregation; also, a term formerly used for the Lord's supper.


Topic: Synchronal
Definition:
SYN'CHRONAL, a. [Gr. with, and time.]  Happening at the same time; simultaneous.
SYN'CHRONAL, n. [supra.]  That which happens at the same time with something else, or pertains to the same time.


Topic: Syncopate
Definition:
SYN'COPATE, v.t. [See Syncope.] To contract, as a word, by taking one or more letters or syllables from the middle.
1.  In music, to prolong a note begun on the unaccented part of a bar, to the accented part of the next bar; or to connect the last note of a bar with the first of the following; or to end a note in one part, in the middle of a note of another part.


Topic: Syncopated
Definition:
SYN'COPATED, pp.  Contracted by the loss of a letter from the middle of the word.
1.  Inverted, as the measure in music.


Topic: Syncopation
Definition:
SYNCOPA'TION, n.  The contraction of a word by taking a letter, letters or a syllable from the middle.
1.  In music, an interruption of the regular measure; an inversion of the order of notes; a prolonging of a note begun on the unaccented part of a bar, to the accented part of the next bar; also, a driving note, when a shorter note at the beginning of a measure is followed by two or more longer notes before another short note occurs, equal to that which occasioned the driving, to make the number even.


Topic: Syncopy
Definition:
SYN'COPY, n. [Gr. to cut off.]
1.  In music, the same as syncopation; the division of a note introduced when two or more notes of one part answer to a single note of another.
2. In grammar, an elision or retrenchment of one or more letters or a syllable from the middle of a word.
3.  In medicine, a fainting or swooning; a diminution or interruption of the motion of the heart, and of respiration, accompanied with a suspension of the action of the brain and a temporary loss of sensation, volition and other faculties.


Topic: Syndic
Definition:
SYN'DIC, n. [L. syndicus; Gr. with, and justice.]  An officer of government, invested with different powers in different countries; a kind of magistrate entrusted with the affairs of a city or community. In Geneva, the syndic is the chief magistrate.  Almost all the companies in Paris, the university, &c., have their syndics.  The university of Cambridge has it syndics.


Topic: Syndicate
Definition:
SYN'DICATE, n.  In some countries on the European continent, a council; a branch of government.
SYN'DICATE, v.t.  To judge, or to censure.


Topic: Synecdochy
Definition:
SYNEC'DOCHY, n. [Gr. to take.]  In rhetoric, a figure or trope by which the whole of a thing is put for a part, or a part for the whole; as the genus for the species, or the species for the genus, &c.


Topic: Syngenese
Definition:
SYN'GENESE, n. [Gr. with, and generation, origin.]  In botany, a plant whose stamens are united in a cylindrical form by the anthers.


Topic: Synneurosis
Definition:
SYNNEURO'SIS, n. [Gr. a nerve.]   In anatomy, the connection of parts by means of ligaments, as in the movable joints.
1.  In church history, a council or meeting of ecclesiastics to consult on matters of religion.  Synods are of four kinds, 1. General or ecumenical, which are composed of bishops from different nations.  2. National, in which the bishops of one nation only meet, to determine points of doctrine or discipline.  3. Provincial, in which the bishops of one province only meet.  This is called a convocation.  4.  Diocesan.
In Scotland, a synod is composed of several adjoining presbyteries.  The members are the ministers, and a ruling elder from each parish. A synod in the United States is constituted in like manner as in Scotland.
2.  A meeting, convention or council; as a synod of gods.
 Let us call to synod all the blest.
3.  In astronomy, a conjunction of two or more planets or stars in the same optical place of the heavens.


Topic: Synodal
Definition:
SYN'ODAL, n.  Anciently, a pecuniary rent, paid to the bishop or archdeacon at the time of his Easter visitation, by every parish priest; a procuration.
 Synodals are due of common right to the bishop only.
1.  Constitutions made in provincial or diocesan synods, are sometimes called synodals.
SYN'ODAL


Topic: Synomosy
Definition:
SYNOM'OSY, n. [Gr. with, and to swear.] Sworn brotherhood; a society in ancient Greece nearly resembling a modern political club.


Topic: Synonym
Definition:
SYN'ONYM, n. [Gr. with, and name.] A name, noun or other word having the same signification as another, is its synonym.  Two words containing the same idea are synonyms.
 He has extricated the synonyms of former authors.


Topic: Synonymist
Definition:
SYNON'YMIST, n.  Among botanists, a person who collects the different names or synonyms of plants, and reduces them to one another.


Topic: Synonymous
Definition:
SYNON'YMOUS, a.  Expressing the same thing; conveying the same idea.  We rarely find two words precisely synonymous.  Wave and billow are sometimes synonymous, but not always.  When we speak of the large rolling swell of the sea, we may call it a wave or a billow; but when we speak of the small swell of a pond, we may call it a wave, but we may not call it a billow.


Topic: Synonymously
Definition:
SYNON'YMOUSLY, adv.  In a synonymous manner; in the same sense; with the same meaning.  Two words may be used synonymously in some cases and not in others.


Topic: Synonymy
Definition:
SYNON'YMY, n.  The quality of expressing the same meaning by different words.
1.  In rhetoric, a figure by which synonymous words are used to amplify a discourse.


Topic: Synopsis
Definition:
SYNOP'SIS, n. [Gr. with, and view.]  A general view, or a collection of things or parts so arranged as to exhibit the whole or the principal parts in a general view.


Topic: Synovy
Definition:
SYN'OVY, n.  In anatomy, the fluid secreted into the cavities of joints, for the purpose of lubricating them.


Topic: Syntax
Definition:
SYN'TAX, n. [L. syntaxis; Gr. together, and to put.]
1.  In grammar, the construction of sentences; the due arrangement of words in sentences, according to established usage. Syntax includes concord and regimen, or the agreement and government of words.  Words, in every language, have certain connections and relations, as verbs and adjectives with nouns, which relations must be observed in the formation of sentences.  A gross violation of the rules of syntax is a solecism.
2.  Connected system or order; union of things.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Synthesis
Definition:
SYN'THESIS, n. [Gr. to put or set.]
1.  Composition, or the putting of two or more things together, as in compound medicines.
2.  In logic, composition, or that process of reasoning in which we advance by a regular chain from principles before established or assumed, and propositions already proved, till we arrive at the conclusion.  Synthesis is the opposite of analysis or resolution.
3.  In surgery, the operation by which divided parts are reunited.
4.  In chimistry, the uniting of elements into a compound; the opposite of analysis, which is the separation of a compound into its constituent parts.  That water is composed of oxygen and hydrogen, is proved both by analysis and synthesis.


Topic: Syriac
Definition:
SYR'IAC, n.  The language of Syria, especially the ancient language of that country.
SYR'IAC, a. [from Syria.]  Pertaining to Syria, or its language; as the Syriac version of the Pentateuch; Syriac Bible.


Topic: Syringe
Definition:
SYRINGE, n. syr'inj.  [supra.]  An instrument for injecting liquids into animal bodies, into wounds, &c.; or an instrument in the form of a pump, serving to imbibe any fluid, and then to expel it with force.


Topic: System
Definition:
SYS'TEM, n. [L. systema; Gr. to set.]
1.  An assemblage of things adjusted into a regular whole; or a whole plan or scheme consisting of many parts connected in such a manner as to create a chain of mutual dependencies; or a regular union of principles or parts forming one entire thing.  Thus we say, a system of logic, a system of philosophy, a system of government, a system of principles, the solar system, the Copernican system, a system of divinity, a system of law, a system of morality, a system of husbandry, a system of botany or of chimistry.
2.  Regular method or order.
3.  In music, an interval compounded or supposed to be compounded of several lesser intervals, as the fifth octave, &c. the elements of which are called diastems.


Topic: Systematicical
Definition:
SYSTEMAT'IC'ICAL, a.  Pertaining to system; consisting in system, methodical; formed with regular connection and adaptation or subordination of parts to each other, and to the design of the whole; as a systematic arrangement of plants or animals; a systematic course of study.
1.  Proceeding according to system or regular method; as a systematic writer.


Topic: Systemization
Definition:
SYSTEMIZA'TION, n. [from systemize.]  The act or operation of systemizing; the reduction of things to system or regular method.


Topic: Systemize
Definition:
SYS'TEMIZE, v.t.  To reduce to system or regular method; as, to systemize the principles of moral philosophy; to systemize plants or fossils.


Topic: Systyle
Definition:
SYS'TYLE, n. [Gr. with or together, and a column.]   In architecture, the manner of placing columns, where the place between the two shafts consists of two diameters or four modules.


Topic: Sythe
Definition:
SYTHE, n. [Heb. an ax.]
1.  An instrument for mowing grass, or cutting other grain or vegetables.  It consists of a long curving blade with a sharp edge, made fast to a handle, which in New England is called a snath, and which is bent into a convenient form for swinging the blade to advantage.  The blade is hung to the snath at an acute angle.
In mythology, Saturn or Time is represented with a sythe, the emblem of destruction.
2.  The curved sharp blade used anciently in war chariots.
SYTHE, v.t.  To mow.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Syzygy
Definition:
SYZ'YGY, n. [Gr. to join.]  The conjunction or opposition of a planet with the sun, or of any two of the heavenly bodies.  On the phenomena and circumstances of the syzygies, depends a great part of the lunar theory.


Topic: T
Definition:
T is the twentieth letter of the English Alphabet, and a close consonant.  It represents a close joining of the end of the tongue to the root of the upper teeth, as may be perceived by the syllables at, et, ot, ut, in attempting to pronounce which, the voice is completely intercepted.  It is therefore numbered among the mutes, or close articulations, and it differs from d chiefly in its closeness; for in pronouncing ad, ed, we perceive the voice is not so suddenly and entirely intercepted, as in pronouncing at and et.  T by itself has one sound only, as in take, turn, bat, bolt, smite, bitter.  So we are accustomed to speak; but in reality, t can be hardly said to have any sound at all. Its use, like that of all mute articulations, is to modify the manner of uttering the vocal sound which precedes or follows it.
When t is followed by h, as in think and that, the combination really forms a distinct sound for which we have no single character.  This combination has two sounds in English; aspirated, as in think, and vocal, as in that.
The letters ti, before a vowel, and unaccented, usually pass into the sound of sh, as in nation, motion, partial substantiate; which are pronounced nashon, moshon, parshal, substanshate.  In the case, t loses entirely its proper sound or use, and being blended with the subsequent letter, a new sound results from the combination, which is in fact a simple sound.  In a few words, the combination ti has the sound of the English ch, as in Christian, mixtion, question.
T, as an abbreviation, stands for theologia; as, S.T.D. sanctoe theologioe doctor, doctor of divinity. In ancient monuments and writings, T is an abbreviature, which stands for Titus, Titius or Tullius.  As a numeral, T, among the Latins, stood for 160, and with a dash over the top, T, for 160,000.
In music, T is the initial of tenor, vocal and instrumental; of tacet, for silence, as adagio tacet, when a person is to rest during the whole movement.  In concertos and symphonies, it is the initial of tutti, the whole band, after a solo.  It sometimes stands for tr. or trillo, a shake.


Topic: Tabasheer
Definition:
TABASHEER, n.  A persian word signifying a concretion found in the joints of the bamboo, said by Dr. Russel to be the juice of the plant thickened and hardened; by others, to be pure silex.  It is highly valued in the E. Indies as a medicine, for the cure of bilious vomitings, bloody flux, piles, &c.


Topic: Tabby
Definition:
TAB'BY, a.  [See the Noun.]  Brinded; brindled; diversified in color; as a tabby cat.
TAB'BY, n.
1.  A kind of waved silk, usually watered.  It is manufactured like taffeta, but is thick and stronger.  The watering is given to it by the calendar.
2.  A mixture of stone of shells and mortar, which becomes hard as a rock; used in Morocco.
TAB'BY, v.t.  To water or cause to look wavy; as, to tabby silk, mohair, ribin, &c.  This is done by a calendar without water.


Topic: Tabefaction
Definition:
TABEFAC'TION, n. [L. tabeo, to waste, and facio, to make.  See Tabefy.]  A wasting away; a gradual losing of flesh by disease.


Topic: Tabernacle
Definition:
TAB'ERNACLE,  n. [L. tabernaculum, a tent, from taberna, a shop or shed, from tabula, a board; or rather from its root.  See Table.]
1.  A tent. Num.24.  Matt.17.
2.  A temporary habitation.
3.  Among the Jews, a movable building, so contrived as to be taken to pieces with ease and reconstructed, for the convenience of being carried during the wanderings of the Israelites in the wilderness.  It was of a rectangular figure, thirty cubits long, ten broad, and ten high.  The interior was divided into two rooms by a vail or curtain, and it was covered with four different spreads or carpets.
It is also applied to the temple.  Ps.15.
4.  A place of worship; a sacred place.
5.  Our natural body.  2 Cor.5.  2 Pet. 1.
6.  God's gracious presence, or the tokens of it.  Rev.21.
7.  An ornamented chest placed on Roman catholic altars as a receptacle of the ciborium and pyxis.
TAB'ERNACLE, v.i.  To dwell; to reside for a time; to be housed; as we say, Christ tabernacled in the flesh.


Topic: Tabid
Definition:
TAB'ID, a. [L. tabidus, from tabeo, to waste.]  Wasted by disease; consumptive.
 In tabid persons, milk is the best restorative.


Topic: Tablature
Definition:
TAB'LATURE, n. [from table.]  Painting on walls and ceilings; a single piece comprehended in one view, and formed according to one design.
1.  In music, the expression of sounds or notes of composition by letters of the alphabet or ciphers, or other characters not used in modern music.  In a stricter sense, the manner of writing a piece for the lute, theorbo, guitar, base viol, or the like; which is done by writing on several parallel lines, (each of which represents a string of the instrument,) certain letters of the alphabet, referring to the frets on the neck of the instrument, each letter directing how some note is to be sounded.
2. In anatomy, a division or parting of the skull into two tables.


Topic: Table
Definition:
TA'BLE, n. [L. tabula.]
1.  A flat surface of some extent, or a thing that has a flat surface; as a table of marble.
2.  An article of furniture, consisting usually of a frame with a surface of boards or of marble, supported by legs, and used for a great variety of purposes, as for holding dishes of meat, for writing on, &c.
 The nymph the table spread.
3.  Fare or entertainment of provisions; as, he keeps a good table.
4.  The persons sitting at table or partaking of entertainment.
 I drink to th' general joy of the whole table.
5.  A tablet; a surface on which any thing is written or engraved.  The ten commandments were written on two tables of stone.  Ex.32.
 Written--not on tables of stone, but on fleshly tables of the heart.  2 Cor. 3.
6.  A picture, or something that exhibits a view of any thing on a flat surface.
 Saint Anthony has a table that hangs up to him from a poor peasant.
7.  Among Christians, the table, or Lord's table, is the sacrament, or holy communion of the Lord's supper.
8.  The altar of burnt-offering.  Mal. 1.
9.  In architecture, a smooth, simple member or ornament of various forms, most usually in that of a long square.
    10. In perspective, a plain surface, supposed to be transparent and perpendicular to the horizon. It is called also perspective plane.
    11. In anatomy, a division of the cranium or skull. The cranium is composed of two tables or lamins, with a cellular structure between them, called the meditallium or diploe.
    12. In the glass manufacture, a circular sheet of finished glass, usually about four feet in diameter, each weighing from ten to eleven pounds. Twelve of these are called a side or crate of glass.
    13. In literature, an index; a collection of heads or principal matters contained in a book, with references to the pages where each may be found; as a table of contents.
    14. A synopsis; many particulars brought into one view.
    15. The palm of the hand.
 Mistress of a fairer table
 Hath not history nor fable.
    16. Draughts; small pieces of wood shifted on squares.
 We are in the world like men playing at tables.
    17. In mathematics, tables are systems of numbers calculated to be ready for expediting operations; as a table of logarithms; a multiplication table.
    18. Astronomical tables, are computations of the motions, places and other phenomena of the planets, both primary and secondary.
    19. In chimistry, a list or catalogue of substances or their properties; as a table of known acids; a table of acidifiable bases; a table of binary combinations; a table of specific gravities.
    20. In general, any series of numbers formed on mathematical or other correct principles.
   21. A division of the ten commandments; as the first and second tables. The first table comprehends our more immediate duties to God; the second table our more immediate duties to each other.
    22. Among jewelers, a table diamond or other precious stone, is one whose upper surface is quite flat, and the sides only cut in angles.
    23. A list or catalogue; as a table of stars.
Raised table, in sculpture, an embossment in a frontispiece for an inscription or other ornament, supposed to be the abacus of Vitruvius.
Round Table.  Knights of the round table, are a military order instituted by Arthur, the first king of the Britons, A.D. 516.
Twelve Tables, the laws of the Romans, so called probably, because engraved on so many tables.
To turn the tables, to change the condition or fortune of contending parties; a metaphorical expression taken from the vicissitudes of fortune in gaming.
To serve tables, to provide for the poor; or to distribute provisions for their wants.  Acts.6.
TA'BLE, v.i.  To board; to diet or live at the table of another.  Nebuchadnezzar tabled with the beasts.
TA'BLE, v.t.  To form into a table or catalogue; as, to table fines.  In England, the chirographer tables the fines of every county, and fixes a copy in some open place of the court.
1.  To board; to supply with food.
2.  To let one piece of timber into another by alternate scores or projections from the middle.


Topic: Table-book
Definition:
TA'BLE-BOOK, n. [table and book.]  A book on which any thing is engraved or written without ink.
 Put into your table-book whatever you judge worthy.


Topic: Table-cloth
Definition:
TA'BLE-CLOTH, n. [table and cloth.]  A cloth for covering a table, particularly for spreading on a table before the dishes are set for meals.


Topic: Table-talk
Definition:
TA'BLE-TALK, n. [table and talk.]  Conversation at table or at meals.  
 He improves by the table-talk.


Topic: Tablet
Definition:
TAB'LET, n.  A small table or flat surface.
1.  Something flat on which to write, paint, draw or engrave.
 Through all Greece the young gentlemen learned to design on tablets of boxen wood.
 The pillar'd marble, and the tablet brass.
2.  A medicine in a square form.  Tablets of arsenic were formerly worn as a preservative against the plague.
A solid kind of electuary or confection, made of dry ingredients, usually with sugar, and formed into little flat squares; called also lozenge and troche.


Topic: Tabling
Definition:
TA'BLING, ppr.  Boarding; forming into a table; letting one timber into another by scores.
TA'BLING, n.  A forming into tables; a setting down in order.
1.  The letting of one timber into another by alternate scores or projections, as in ship-building.
2.  In sail-making, a broad hem made on the skirts of sails by turning over the edge of the canvas, and sewing it down.


Topic: Taboo
Definition:
TABOO', n.  In the isles of the Pacific, a word denoting prohibition or religious interdict, which is of great force among the inhabitants.
TABOO', v.t.  To forbid, or to forbid the use of; to interdict approach or use; as, to taboo the ground set apart as a sanctuary for criminals.  Tabooed ground is held sacred and inviolable.


Topic: Tabor
Definition:
TA'BOR, n.  [Eng. tap.]  A small drum used as an accompaniment to a pipe or fife.
TA'BOR, v.i.  To strike lightly and frequently.
 Her maids shall lead her as with the voice of doves, taboring upon their breasts.  Nah.2.
1.  To play on a tabor or little drum.


Topic: Tabular
Definition:
TAB'ULAR, a. [L. tabularis, from tabula, table.]
1.  In the form of a table; having a flat or square surface.
2.  Having the form of lamina or plates.
3.  Set down in tables; as a tabular list of substances.
4.  Set in squares.
Tabular crystal, one in which the prism is very short.
Tabular spar, in mineralogy, a species of limestone, generally of a grayish white color.  It occurs either massive or crystallized, in rectangular four sides tables.
Tabular spar is the schaalstein of Werner, and the prismatic augite of Jameson.


Topic: Tacamahac
Definition:
TACAMAHAC', n.  A tree of a sweet fragrance, planted in gardens as an ornament.  It is of the genus Populus, [P.balsamifera.]
1.  A resin brought from America in large oblong masses wrapped in flag leaves, of a light brown color,and an aromatic smell between that of lavender and must.  It is obtained from the Fagara octandra, and it is said also, from the Populus balsamifera.


Topic: Tacet
Definition:
TA'CET, in music, is used when a vocal or instrumental part is to be silent during a whole movement.


Topic: Tachygraphy
Definition:
TACHYG'RAPHY, n. [Gr. quick, and to write.]  The art or practice of quick writing. [We now use stenography, and shorthand writing.


Topic: Tacit
Definition:
TAC'IT, a. [L. tacitus, from taceo, to be silent, that is, to stop, or to close.  See Tack.]  Silent; implied, but not expressed.  tacit consent is consent by silence, or not interposing an objection.  So we say, a tacit agreement or covenant of men to live under a particular government, when no objection or opposition is made; a tacit surrender of a part of our natural rights; a tacit reproach, &c.


Topic: Taciturnity
Definition:
TACITURN'ITY, n. [L. taciturnitas, from taceo, to be silent.]  
Habitual silence or reserve in speaking.
 Too great loquacity, and too great taciturnity by fits.


Topic: Tack
Definition:
TACK, v.t. [Gr. to set,place, ordain.]
1.  To fasten; to attach.  In the solemn or grave style, this word now appears ludicrous; as, to get a commendam tacked to their sees.
 --And tack the center to the sphere.
2.  To unite by stitching together; as, to tack together the sheets of a book; to tack one piece of cloth to another. [In the familiar style, this word is in good use.]
3.  To fasten slightly by nails; as, to tack on a board or shingle.
TACK


Topic: Tackle
Definition:
TACK'LE, n.
1.  A machine for raising or lowering heavy weights, consisting of a rope and blocks, called a pulley.
2.  Instruments of action; weapons.
 She to her tackle fell.
3.  An arrow.
4.  The rigging and apparatus of a ship.
Tackle-fall, the rope, or rather the end of the rope of a pulley, which falls and by which it is pulled.
Ground-tackle, anchors, cables, &c.
Gun-tackle, the instruments for hauling cannon in or out.
Tack-tackle, a small tackle to pull down the tacks of the principal sails.
TACK'LE, v.t.  To harness; as, to tackle a horse into a gig, sleigh, coach or wagon.  [A legitimate and common use of the word in America.]
1.  To seize; to lay hold of; as, a wrestler tackles his antagonist; a dog tackles the game.  This is a common popular use of the word in New England, though not elegant.  But it retains the primitive idea, to put on, to fall or throw on. [See Attack.]
2.  To supply with tackle.


Topic: Tackled
Definition:
TACK'LED, pp. Harnessed; seized.
1.  Made of ropes tacked together.
 My man shall
 Bring thee cords, made like a tackled stair.


Topic: Tackling
Definition:
TACK'LING, ppr.  Harnessing; putting on harness; seizing; falling on.
TACK'LING, n. Furniture of the masts and yards of a ship, as cordage, sails, &c.
1. Instruments of action; as fishing tackling.
2. Harness; the instruments of drawing a carriage.


Topic: Tact
Definition:
TACT, n. [L. tactus, from tango, [for tago,] to touch.]
1. Touch; feeling; formerly, the stroke in beating time in music.
2.  Peculiar skill or faculty; nice perception or discernment.


Topic: Tactics
Definition:
TAC'TICS, n. [Gr. to set, to appoint.] See Tack.]
1. The science and art of disposing military and naval forces in order for battle and performing military and naval evolutions.  In the most extensive sense, tactics, la grande tactique of the French, comprehends every thing that relates to the order, formation and disposition of armies, their encampments, &c.
2.  The art of inventing and making machines for throwing darts, arrows, stones and other missile weapons.


Topic: Tactil
Definition:
TAC'TIL, a. [L. tactilis, from tango,to touch.]  Tangible; susceptible of touch; that may be felt; as tactile sweets; tactile qualities.


Topic: Tafelspath
Definition:
TAF'ELSPATH, n.  A lamellar mineral of a yellowish grey or rose white, forming masses of prisms interlaced in the gang, chiefly lime and silex.


Topic: Tafferel
Definition:
TAF'FEREL, n.  The upper part of a ship's stern, which is flat like a table on the top, and sometimes ornamented with carved work.


Topic: Taffeta
Definition:
TAF'FETA, n.  A fine smooth stuff of silk, having usually a remarkable gloss. Taffetas are of all colors.


Topic: Tag
Definition:
TAG, n. [L. digitus.]
1.  A metallic point put to the end of a string.
2.  Something mean and paltry; as tag-rag people.  [Vulgar.]
3.  A young sheep.  [Local.]
TAG, v.t. To fit with a point; as, to tag lace.
1. To fit one thing to another; to append to.
 His courteous host
 Tags every sentence with some fawning word.
2.  To join or fasten.
TAG, n.  A play in which the person gains who tags, that is, touches another.  This was a common sport among boys in Connecticut formerly, and it may be still.  The word is inserted here for the sake of the evidence it affords of the affinity of languages, and of the original orthography of the Latin tango, to touch, which was tago.  This vulgar tag is the same word; the primitive word retained by the common people.  It is used also as a verb, to tag.  [See Touch.]


Topic: Tail
Definition:
TAIL, n.
1.  The part of an animal which terminates its body behind.  In many quadrupeds, the tail is a shoot or projection covered with hair. In fowls, the tail consists of feathers, or is covered with them, which serve to assist in the direction of their flight. In fishes the tail is formed usually by a gradual sloping of the body, ending in a fin.  The tail of a fish may assist the animal in steering, but its principal use is to propel the fish forward.  It is the instrument of swimming.
2.  The lower part,noting inferiority.
 The Lord will make thee the head, and not the tail.  Deut.28.
3.  Any thing hanging long; a catkin.
4.  The hinder part of any thing.
5.  In anatomy, that tendon of a muscle which is fixed to the movable part.
6.  In botany, the tail of a seed, is a downy or feathery appendage to certain seeds, formed of the permanent elongated style.
7.  Horse's tail, among the Tartars and Chinese, is an ensign or flag; among the Turks, a standard borne before the grand visier, bashaws and the sangiacs.  For this purpose, it is fitted to a half-pike with a gold button, and is called toug. There are bashaws of one, two and three tails.
8.  In heraldry, the tail of a hart.
9.  In music, the part of a note running upwards or downwards.
    10. The extremity or last end; as the tail of a storm.
Tail of a comet, a luminous train which extends from the nucleus in a direction opposite to the sun.
To turn tail, is to run away; to flee.
Tail of a lock, on a canal, the lower end, or entrance into the lower pond.
Tail-piece, of a violin, is a piece of ebony attached to the end of the instrument, to which the strings are fastened.
TAIL, n. In law, an estate in tail is a limited fee; an estate limited to certain heirs, and from which the other heirs are precluded. Estates tail are general or special; general, where lands and tenements are given to one, and to the heirs of his body begotten; special, where the gift is restrained to certain heirs of the donee;s body, as to his heirs by a particular woman names. See Entail.]
TAIL, v.t.  To pull by the tail.


Topic: Tailings
Definition:
TA'ILINGS, n. plu. [from tail.]  The lighter parts of grain blown to one end of the heap in winnowing.  [Local.]


Topic: Tailor
Definition:
TA'ILOR, n.  One whose occupation is to cut out and make men's garments.
TA'ILOR, v.i.  To practice making men's clothes.


Topic: Taint
Definition:
TAINT, v.t. [L. tingo; Gr. to dye, literally to dip, primarily to thrust, the sense of L. tango; and n not being radical, the real word is tego or tago, coinciding with Eng. duck; hence its sense in extinguo.  See Dye, Attaint and Tinge.]
1.  To imbue or impregnate, as with some extraneous matter which alters the sensible qualities of the substance.
 The spaniel struck
 Stiff by the tainted gale--
2.  More generally, to impregnate with something odious, noxious or poisonous; as, putrid substances taint the air.
3.  To infect; to poison.  The breath of consumptive lungs is said to taint sound lungs.
4.  To corrupt, as by incipient putrefaction; as tainted meat.
5.  To stain; to sully; to tarnish.
 We come not by the way of accusation
 To taint that honor every good tongue blesses.
6.  To corrupt, as blood; to attaint.  [Not in use.]  [See Attaint.]
TAINT, v.i.  To be infected or corrupted; to be touched with something corrupting.
 I cannot taint with fear.
1.  To be affected with incipient putrefaction.
 Meat soon taints in warm weather.
TAINT, n.  Tincture; stain.
1. Infection; corruption; depravation.  Keep children from the taint of low and vicious company.
2.  A stain; a spot; a blemish on reputation.
3.  An insect; a kind of spider.


Topic: Tainted
Definition:
TA'INTED, pp.  Impregnated with something noxious, disagreeable to the senses or poisonous; infected;corrupted; stained.


Topic: Take
Definition:
TAKE, v.t. pret. took; pp. taken.  [L. doceo.  This word seems to be allied to think, for we say, I think a thing to be so, or I take
it to be so.  It seems also to be allied to Sax.teogan, to draw, to tug, L. duco; for we say, to take a likeness, and to draw a likeness.  We use taking also for engaging, attracting.  We say, a child takes to his mother or nurse, and a man takes to drink; which seem to include attaching and holding. We observe that take and teach are radically the same word.]
1.  In a general sense, to get hold or gain possession of a thing in almost any manner, either by receiving it when offered, or by using exertion to obtain it. Take differs from seize, as it does not always imply haste, force or violence.  It more generally denotes to gain or receive into possession in a peaceable manner, either passively or by active exertions.  Thus,
2. To receive what is offered.
 Then I took the cup at the Lord's hand. Jer.25.
3. To lay hold of; to get into one's power for keeping.
 No man shall take the nether or the upper millstone to pledge. Deut.24.
4.  To receive with a certain affection of mind.  He takes it in good part; or he takes it very ill.
5.  To catch by surprise or artifice; to circumvent.
 Men in their loose unguarded hours they take,
 Not that themselves are wise, but others weak.
6.  To seize; to make prisoner.  The troops entered, slew and took three hundred janizaries.
 This man was taken of the Jews. Acts.23.
7.  To captivate with pleasure; to engage the affections; to delight.
 Neither let her take thee with her eyelids. Prov.6.
 Cleombrotus was to taken with this prospect, that he had no patience.
8.  To get into one's power by engines or nets; to entrap; to ensnare; as, to take foxes with traps; to take fishes with nets, or with hook and line.
9.  To understand in a particular sense; to receive as meaning. I take your meaning.
 You take me right.
 Charity, taken in its largest extent, is nothing else but the sincere love to God and our neighbor.
    10. To exact and receive.
 Take no usury of him or increase.  Lev.25.
    11. To employ; to occupy. The prudent man always takes time for deliberation, before he passes judgment.
    12. To agree to; to close in with; to comply with. 
 I take thee at thy word.
    13. To form and adopt; as, to take a resolution.
    14. To catch; to embrace; to seize; as, to take one by the hand; to take in the arms.
    15. To admit; to receive as an impression; to suffer; as, to take a form or shape.
 Yet thy moist clay is pliant to command;
 Now take the mold--
    16. To obtain by active exertion; as, to take revenge or satisfaction for an injury.
    17. To receive; to receive into the mind.
 They took knowledge of them that they had been with Jesus.  Acts.4.
 It appeared in his face that he took great contentment in this our question.
    18. To swallow, as meat or drink; as, to take food; to take a glass of wine.
    19. To swallow, as medicine; as, to take pills; to take stimulants.
    20. To choose; to elect. Take which you please. But the sense of choosing, in this phrase, is derived from the connection of take with please. So we say, take your choice.
    21. To copy.
 Beauty alone could beauty take so right.
    22. To fasten on; to seize. The frost has taken the corn; the worms have taken the vines.
 Wheresoever he taketh him, he teareth him, and he foameth-- Mark 9.
    23. To accept; not to refuse. He offered me a fee, but I would not take it.
 Ye shall take no satisfaction for the life of a murderer.  Num.35.
    24. To adopt.
 I will take you to me for a people. Ex.6.
    25. To admit.
 Let not a widow be taken into the number under threescore. 1 Tim 5.
    26. To receive, as any temper or disposition of mind; as, to take shame to one's self; to take delight; to take pride or pleasure.
    27. To endure; to bear without resentment; or to submit to without attempting to obtain satisfaction. He will take an affront from no man. Cannot you take a jest?
    28. To draw; to deduce.
 The firm belief of a future judgment is the most forcible motive to a good life, because taken from this consideration of the most lasting happiness and misery.
    29. To assume; as, I take the liberty to say.
    30. To allow; to admit; to receive as true, or not disputed; as, to take a thing for granted.
    31. To suppose; to receive in thought; to entertain in opinion; to understand. This I take to be the man's motive.
 He took that for virtue and affection which was nothing but vice in disguise.
 You'd doubt his sex, and take him for a girl.
   32. To seize; to invade; as, to be taken with a fever.
    33. To have recourse to; as, the sparrow takes a bush; the cat takes a tree. [In this sense, we usually say, the bird takes to a bush, the squirrel takes to a tree.]
    34. To receive into the mind.
 Those do best, who take material hints to be judged by history.
    35. To hire; to rent; to obtain possession on lease; as, to take a house or farm for a year.
    36. To admit in copulation.
    37. To draw; to copy; to paint a likeness; as a likeness taken by Reynolds.
    38. To conquer and cause to surrender; to gain possession of by force or capitulation; as, to take an army, a city or a ship.
    39. To be discovered or detected. He was taken in the very act.
    40. To require or be necessary. It takes so much cloth to make a coat.
To take away, to deprive of; to bereave; as a bill for taking away the votes of bishops.
 By your own law I take your life away.
1.  To remove; as, to take away the consciousness of pleasure.
To take care, to be careful; to be solicitous for.
 Doth God take care for oxen?  1 Cor.9.
1.  To be cautious or vigilant.
To take care of, to superintend or oversee; to have the charge of keeping or securing.
To take a course, to resort to; to have recourse to measures.
 The violence of storming is the course which God is forced to take for the destroying of sinners.
To take one's own course, to act one's pleasure; to pursue the measures of one's own choice.
To take down, to reduce; to bring lower; to depress; as, to take down pride, or the proud.
1.  To swallow; as, to take down a potion.
2.  To pull down; to pull to pieces; as, to take down a house or a scaffold.
3.  To write; as, to take down a man's words at the time he utters them.
To take from, to deprive of.
 I will smite thee, and take thine head from thee. 1 Sam.17.
1.  To deduct; to subtract; as, to take one number from another.
2.  To detract; to derogate.

To take heed, to be careful or cautious.
 Take heed what doom against yourself you give.
To take heed to, to attend to with care.  Take heed to thy ways.
To take hold, to seize; to fix on.take in, to inclose; to fence.
1.  To encompass or embrace; to comprise; to comprehend.
2.  To draw into a smaller compass; to contract; to brail or furl; as, to take in sail.
3.  To cheat; to circumvent; to gull.  [Not elegant.]
4.  To admit; to receive; as, a vessel will take in more water.  The landlord said he could take in no more lodgers.
5.  To win by conquest.  [Not in use.]
6.  To receive into the mind or understanding.
 Some bright genius can take in a long train of propositions.
To take in hand, to undertake; to attempt to execute any thing. Luke 1.
To take notice, to observe; or to observe with particular attention.
1.  To show by some act that observation is made; to make remark upon.  He heard what was said, but took no notice of it.
To take oath, to swear with solemnity, or in a judicial manner.
To take off, to remove, in various ways; to remove from the top of any thing; as, to take off a load; to take off one's hat, &c.
1.  To cut off; as, to take off the head or a limb.
2.  To destroy; as, to take off life.
3.  To remove; to invalidate; as, to take off the force of an argument.
4.  To withdraw; to call or draw away.
 Keep foreign ideas from taking off the mind from its present pursuit.
5.  To swallow; as, to take off a glass of wine.
6.  To purchase; to take from in trade.
 The Spaniards having no commodities that we will take off--
7.  To copy.
 Take off all their models in wood.
8.  To imitate; to mimic.
9.  To find place for; as more scholars than preferments can take off.
To take off from, to lessen; to remove in part.  This takes off from the deformity of vice.
To take order with, to check.  [Not much used.]
To take out, to remove from within a place; to separate; to deduct.
1.  To draw out; to remove; to clear or cleanse from; as, to take out a stain or spot from cloth; to take out an unpleasant taste from wine.
To take part, to share.  Take part in our rejoicing.
To take part with, to unite with; to join with.
To take place, to happen; to come, or come to pass.
1.  To have effect; to prevail.
 Where arms take place, all other pleas are vain.
To have effect; to prevail.
 Where arms take place, all other pleas are vain.
To take effect, to have the intended effect; to be efficacious.
To take root, to live and grow; as a plant.
1.  To be established; as principles.
To take up, to lift; to raise.
1.  To buy or borrow; as, to take up goods to a large amount; to take up money at the bank.
2.  To begin; as, to take up a lamentation. Ezek. 19.
3.  In surgery, to fasten with a ligature.
4.  To engross; to employ; to engage the attention; as, to take up the time.
5.  To have final recourse to.
 Arnobius asserts that men of the finest parts took up their rest in the christian religion.
6.  To seize; to catch; to arrest; as, to take up a thief; to take up vagabonds.
7.  To admit.
 The ancients took up experiments upon credit.
8.  To answer by reproof; to reprimand.
 One of his relations took him up roundly.
9.  To begin where another left off.
 Soon as the evening shades prevail,
 The moon takes up the wondrous tale.
    10. To occupy; to fill; as, to take up a great deal of room.
    11. To assume; to carry on or manage for another; as, to take up the quarrels of our neighbors.
    12. To comprise; to include.
 The noble poem of Palemon and Arcite--takes up seven years.
    13. To adopt; to assume; as, to take up current opinions.
 They take up our old trade of conquering.
    14. To collect; to exact a tax.
    15. To pay and receive; as, to take up a note at the bank.
To take up arms,
To take arms, To begin war; to begin resistance by force.
To take upon, to assume; to undertake.  He takes upon himself to assert that the fact is capable of proof.
1.  To appropriate to; to admit to be imputed to; as, to take upon one's self a punishment.
take side, to join one of two differing parties; to take an interest in one party.
To take to heart, to be sensibly affected by; to feel any thing sensibly.
To take advantage of, to catch by surprise; or to make use of a favorable state of things to the prejudice of another.
To take the advantage of, to use any advantage offered.
To take air, to be divulged or made public; to be disclosed; as a secret.
To take the air, to expose one's self to the open air.
To take a course, to begin a certain direction or way of proceeding.
To take leave, to bid adieu or farewell.
To take breath, to rest; to be recruited or refreshed.
To take aim, to direct the eye or a weapon to a particular object.
To take along, to carry, lead or convey.
To take a way, to begin a particular course or direction.
TAKE, v.i. To move or direct the course; to resort to, or to attach one's self; to betake one's self. The fox being hard pressed took to the hedge. My friend has left his music and taken to books.
 The defluxion taking to his breast, wasted his lungs.
1.  To please; to gain reception.  The play will not take, unless it is set off with proper scenes.
 Each wit may praise it for his own dear sake,
 And hint he writ it, if the thing should take.
2.  To have the intended or natural effect.
 In impressions from mind to mind, the impression taketh.
3. To catch; to fix, or be fixed.  He was inoculated, but the infection did not take.
 When flame taketh and openeth, it giveth a noise.
To take after, to learn to follow; to copy; to imitate; as, he takes after a good pattern.
1.  To resemble; as, the son takes after his father.
To take in with, to resort to.
To take for, to mistake; to suppose or think one thing to be another.
 The lord of the land took us for spies. Gen.42.
take on, to be violently affected; as, the child takes on at a great rate.
1.  To claim, as a character.
 I take not on me here as a physician.
To take to, to apply to; to be fond of; to become attached to; as, to take to books; to take to evil practices.
1.  To resort to; to betake to.
 Men of learning who take to business, discharge it generally with greater honesty than men of the world.
To take up, to stop.
 Sinners at last take up and settle in a contempt of all religion.  [Not in use.]
1. To reform.  [Not in use.]
To take up with, to be contented to receive; to receive without opposition; as, to take up with plain fare.
 In affairs which may have an extensive influence on our future happiness, we should not take up with probabilities.
1.  To lodge; to dwell.  [Not in use.]
To take with, to please.  The proposal takes well with him.


Topic: Taker
Definition:
TA'KER, n.  One that takes or receives; one who catches or apprehends.
1.  One that subdues and causes to surrender; as the taker of captives or of a city.


Topic: Taking
Definition:
TA'KING, ppr.  Receiving; catching; getting possession; apprehending.
1. a. Alluring; attracting.
TA'KING, n.  The act of gaining possession; a seizing; seizure; apprehension.
1.  Agitation; distress of mind.
 What a taking was he in, when your husband asked what was in the basket?


Topic: Talbot
Definition:
TAL'BOT, n.  A sort of dog, noted for his quick scent and eager pursuit of game. [The figure of a dog is said to be borne in the arms of the Talbot family.]


Topic: Talc
Definition:
TALC  n.  A species of magnesian earth, consisting of broad flat smooth lamins or plates, unctuous to the touch, of a shining luster, translucent, and often transparent.  By the action of fire, the lamins open a little, the fragment swells, and the extremities are with difficulty fused into a white enamel. When rubbed with resin, talck acquires positive electricity.  Its prevailing colors are white, apple-green and yellow.
Of this mineral, Jameson's sixth subspecies of rhomboidal mica, there are two kinds, common and indurated.


Topic: Talcky
Definition:
TALCK'Y, a. Like talck; consisting of talck; as a talcky feel; a talcky substance.
1.  Containing talck.


Topic: Tale
Definition:
TALE, n. [See Tell.]  A story; a narrative; the rehearsal of a series of events or adventures, commonly some trifling incidents; or a fictitious narrative; as the tale of a tub.  Marmontel's tales; idle tales.  Luke 24.
 We spend our years as a tale that is told Ps.90.
1.  Oral relation.
2.  Reckoning; account set down. Ex.5.
 In packing, they keep a just tale of the number.
3.  Number reckoned.
 --The ignorant who measure by tale, not be weight.
4.  A telling; information; disclosure of any thing secret.
 Birds--are aptest by their voice to tell tales what they find.
 In thee are men that carry tales to shed blood.  Ezek.22.
5.  In law, a count or declaration.  [Tale, in this sense, is obsolete.]
6.  In commerce, a weight for gold and silver in China and other parts of the E. Indies; also, a money of account.  In China, each tale is 10 maces=100 candareens-1000 cash.
TALE, v.i.  To tell stories.


Topic: Talebearer
Definition:
TA'LEBEARER, n. [tale and bear.]  A person who officiously tells tales; one who impertinently communicates intelligence or anecdotes, and makes mischief in society by his officiousness.
 Where there is no talebearer, the strife ceaseth.  Prov.26.


Topic: Talebearing
Definition:
TA'LEBEARING, a.  Officiously communicating information.
TA'LEBEARING, n.  The act of informing officiously; communication of secrets maliciously.


Topic: Talent
Definition:
TAL'ENT, n. [L. talentum; Gr. to bear, allied to L. tollo.  The word is said to have originally signified a balance or scales.]
1. Among the ancients, a weight, and a coin.  The true value of the talent cannot well be ascertained, but it is known that it was different among different nations.  The Attic Talent, the weight, contained 60 Attic minae, or 6000 Attic drachmae, equal to 56 pounds, eleven ounces, English troy weight.  The mina being reckoned equal to f3 4s.7d. sterling, or fourteen dollars and a third nearly, the talent was of the value of f193 15s sterling, about $861 dollars. Other computations make it f225 sterling.
The Romans had the great talent and the little talent; the great talent is computed to be equal to f99 6s. 8d. sterling, and the little talent to f75 sterling.
2.  Talent, among the Hebrews, was also a gold coin, the same with a shekel of gold; called also stater, and weighing only four drachmas.
But the Hebrew talent of silver, called cicar, was equivalent to three thousand shekels, or one hundred and thirteen pounds, ten ounces and a fraction, troy weight.
3.  Faculty; natural gift or endowment; a metaphorical application of the word, said to be borrowed from the Scriptural parable of the talents. Matt.25.
 He is chiefly to be considered in his three different talents, as a critic, a satirist, and a writer of odes.
 'Tis not my talent to conceal my thoughts.
4.  Eminent abilities; superior genius; as, he is a man of talents.
 [Talent, in the singular, is sometimes used in a like sense.]
5.  Particular faculty; skill.  He has a talent at drawing.
6.  [Sp. talante, manner of performing any thing, will, disposition.] Quality; disposition.


Topic: Tales
Definition:
TA'LES, n. [L. talis, plu. tales.]  In law, tales de circumstantibus, spectators in court, from whom the sheriff is to select men to supply any defect of jurors who are impaneled, but who may not appear, or may be challenged.


Topic: Taleteller
Definition:
TA'LETELLER, n.  One who tells tales or stories.
Talionis, lex talionis, [L.]  in law, the law of retaliation. [See Retaliate.]


Topic: Talisman
Definition:
TAL'ISMAN, n. 
1. A magical figure cut or engraved under certain superstitious observances of the configuration of the heavens, to which wonderful effects are ascribed; or it is the seal, figure, character or image of a heavenly sign, constellation or planet, engraven on a sympathetic stone, or on a metal corresponding to the star, in order to receive its influence.  The talismans of the Samothracians were pieces of iron, formed into images and set in rings, &c. They were held to be preservatives against all kinds of evils.
Talismans are of three kinds, astronomical, magical and mixed.  Hence,
2.  Something that produces extraordinary effects; as a talisman to destroy diseases.


Topic: Talismanic
Definition:
TALISMAN'IC, a. Magical; having the properties of a talisman or preservative against evils by secret influence.


Topic: Talk
Definition:
TALK, v.i. tauk.
1.  To converse familiarly; to speak, as in familiar discourse, when two or more persons interchange thoughts.
 I will buy with you, sell with you, talk with you; but I will not eat with you.
 In Aesop's time
 When all things talk'd, and talk'd in rhyme.
 I will come down and talk with thee. Num.11.
 Did not our heart burn within us, while he talked with us by the way? Luke 24.
2.  To prate; to speak impertinently.
3.  To talk of, to relate; to tell; to give account. Authors talk of the wonderful remains of Palmyra.
 The natural histories of Switzerland talk much of the fall of these rocks, and the great damage done.
 So shall I talk of thy wondrous works. Ps.119.
4.  To speak; to reason; to confer.
 Let me talk with thee of thy judgments.  Jer.12.
To talk to, in familiar language, to advise or exhort; or to reprove gently.  I will talk to my son respecting his conduct.
TALK, n. tauk. Familiar converse; mutual discourse; that which is uttered by one person in familiar conversation, or the mutual converse of two or more.
 Should a man full of talk be justified? Job 11.
 In various talk th' instructive hours they past.
1.  Report; rumor.
 I hear a talk up and down of raising money.
2.  Subject of discourse.  This noble achievement is the talk of the whole town.
3.  Among the Indians of North America, a public conference, as respecting peace or war, negotiation and the like; or an official verbal communication made from them to another nation or its agents, or made to them by the same.
TALK, a mineral.  [See Talck.]


Topic: Talkative
Definition:
TALKATIVE, a. tauk'ativ.  Given to much talking; full of prate; loquacious; garrulous.  One of the faults of old age is to be talkative.


Topic: Talkativeness
Definition:
TALKATIVENESS, n. tauk'ativness.  Loquacity; garrulity; the practice or habit of speaking much in conversation.


Topic: Talker
Definition:
TALKER, n. tauk'er.  One who talks; also, a loquacious person, male or female; a prattler.
1.  A boaster.


Topic: Talking
Definition:
TALKING, ppr.  tauk'ing. Conversing; speaking in familiar conversation.  Matt.17.
1. a. Given to talking; loquacious; as talking age.
TALKING, n. tauk'ing.  The act of conversing familiarly; as foolish talking. Eph.5.


Topic: Tall
Definition:
TALL, a.  [Eng. dally; L. tollo.]
1.  High in stature; long and comparatively slender; applied to a person, or to a standing tree, mast or pole. Tall always refers to something erect, and of which the diameter is small in proportion to the highth.  We say, a tall man or woman, a tall boy for his age; a tall tree, a tall pole, a tall mast; but we never say, a tall house or a tall mountain.  The application of the word to a palace or its shadow, in Waller, is now improper.
 Dark shadows cast, and as his palace tall.
2.  Sturdy; lusty; bold.  [Unusual.]


Topic: Tallow
Definition:
TAL'LOW, n.  A sort of animal fat, particularly that which is obtained from animals of the sheep and ox kinds.  We speak of the tallow of an ox or cow, or of sheep.  This substance grows chiefly about the kidneys and on the intestines.  The fat of swine we never call tallow, but lard or suet.  I see in English books, mention is made of the tallow of hogs, [See Cyclopedia, article Tallow;] but in America I never heard the word thus applied.  It may be applied to the fat of goats and deer.  The fat of bears we call bear's grease. Tallow is applied to various uses, but chiefly to the manufacture of candles.
TAL'LOW, v.t. To grease or smear with tallow.
1.  To fatten; to cause to have a large quantity of tallow; as, to tallow sheep.


Topic: Tallowing
Definition:
TAL'LOWING, ppr.  Greasing with tallow.
1. Causing to gather tallow; a term in agriculture.
TAL'LOWING, n.  The act, practice or art of causing animals to gather tallow; or the property in animals of forming tallow internally; a term in agriculture.


Topic: Tally
Definition:
TAL'LY, n.
1.  A piece of wood on which notches or scores are cut, as the marks of number.  In purchasing and selling, it is customary for traders to have two sticks, or one stick cleft into two parts, and to mark with a score or notch on each, the number or quantity of goods delivered; the seller keeping one stick, and the purchaser the other.  Before the use of writing, this or something like it was the only method of keeping accounts, and tallies are received as evidence in courts of justice.  In the English exchequer are tallies of loans, one part being kept in the exchequer, the other being given to the creditor in lieu of an obligation for money lent to government.
2.  One thing made to suit another.
 They were framed the tallies for each other.
TAL'LY, v.t.  To score with correspondent notches; to fit; to suit; to make to correspond.
 They are not so well tallied to the present juncture.
1.  In seamanship, to pull aft the sheets or lower corners of the main and fore-sail.
TAL'LY, v.i.  To be fitted; to suit; to correspond.
 I found pieces of tiles that exactly tallied with the channel.


Topic: Tallying
Definition:
TAL'LYING, ppr.  Fitting to each other; making to correspond.
1.  Agreeing; corresponding.
2.  Hauling aft the corners of the main and fore-sail.


Topic: Tallyman
Definition:
TAL'LYMAN, n. [tally and man.]  One who sells for weekly payment.
1.  One who keeps the tally, or marks the sticks.


Topic: Talmud
Definition:
TAL'MUD, n.  The body of the Hebrew laws, traditions and explanations; or the book that contains them.  The Talmud contains the laws, and a compilation of expositions of duties imposed on the people, either in Scripture, by tradition, or by authority of their doctors, or by custom.  It consists of two parts, the Mischna, and the Gemara; the former being the written law, the latter a collection of traditions and comments of Jewish doctors.


Topic: Talon
Definition:
TAL'ON, n.
1.  The claw of a fowl.
2.  In architecture, a kind of molding, concave at the bottom, and convex at the top.  When the concave part is at the top, it is called an inverted talon.  It is usually called by workmen an ogee, or O G, and by authors an upright or inverted cymatium.


Topic: Talus
Definition:
TA'LUS, n. [L. talus, the ankle.]  In anatomy, the astragalus, or that bone of the foot which is articulated to the leg.
1.  In architecture, a slope; the inclination of any work.
2.  In fortification, the slope of a work, as a bastion, rampart or parapet.


Topic: Tamable
Definition:
TA'MABLE, a.  [from tame.]  That may be tamed; capable of being reclaimed from wildness or savage ferociousness; that may be subdued.


Topic: Tamarin
Definition:
TAM'ARIN, n.  A small monkey of South America, with large ears; the great eared monkey, (Simia midas.)


Topic: Tamarind
Definition:
TAM'ARIND, n.  A tree, a native of the East Indies, and of Arabia and Egypt.  It is cultivated in both the Indies for the sake of its shade and for its cooling, grateful acid fruit, the pulp of which, mixed with boiled sugar, is imported into northern countries.  The stem of the tree is lofty, large, and crowned with wide spreading branches; the flowers are in simple clusters, terminating the short lateral branches.


Topic: Tambor
Definition:
TAM'BOR, n.
1.  A small drum, used by the Biscayans as an accompaniment to the flageolet.
2.  In architecture, a term applied to the Corinthian and composite capitals, which bear some resemblance to a drum.  It is also called the vase, and campana, or the bell.
3.  A little box of timber work covered with a ceiling, within the porches of certain churches.
4.  A round course of stones, several of which form the shaft of a pillar, not so high as a diameter.
5.  In the arts, a species of embroidery, wrought on a kind of cushion or spherical body, which is properly the tambor, and so names from its resemblance to a drum.
TAM'BOR, v.t.  To embroider with a tambor.


Topic: Tame
Definition:
TAME, a.
1.  That has lost its native wildness and shyness; mild; accustomed to man; domestic; as a tame deer; a tame bird.
2.  Crushed; subdued; depressed; spiritless.
 And you, tame slaves of the laborious plow.
3.  Spiritless; unanimated; as a tame poem.  [Not elegant nor in use.
TAME, v.t. [L. domo; Heb. to be silent, dumb.]
1.  To reclaim; to reduce from a wild to a domestic state; to make gentle and familiar; as, to tame a wild beast.
2.  To civilize; as, to tame the ferocious inhabitants of the forest.
3. To subdue; to conquer; to depress; as, to tame the pride or passions of youth.
4. To subdue; to repress; as wildness or licentiousness.
 The tongue can no man tame.  James 3.


Topic: Tamely
Definition:
TA'MELY, adv.  With unresisting submission; meanly; servilely; without manifesting spirit; as, to submit tamely to oppression; to bear reproach tamely.


Topic: Tameness
Definition:
TA'MENESS, n.  The quality of being tame or gentle; a state of domestication.
1. Unresisting submission; meanness in bearing insults or injuries; want of spirit.


Topic: Tamper
Definition:
TAM'PER, v.i.  To meddle; to be busy; to try little experiments;, as to tamper with a disease.
1.  To meddle; to have to do with without fitness or necessity.
 'Tis dangerous tamp'ring with a muse.
2. To deal; to practice secretly.
 Others tamper'd
 For Fleetwood, Desborough and Lambert.


Topic: Tampering
Definition:
TAM'PERING, ppr.  Meddling; dealing; practicing secretly.
TAM'PERING, n.  The act of meddling or practicing secretly.


Topic: Tamping
Definition:
TAMP'ING, n. [allied probably to tame, dam, stem, stamp, &c.]
The matter that is driven into the hole bored into any thing for blasting.  The powder being first put into the hole, and a tube for a conductor of the fire, the hole is rammed to fullness with brick-dust or other matter. This is called tamping.


Topic: Tan
Definition:
TAN, v.t.  
1.  In the arts, to convert animal skins into leather by steeping them in an infusion of oak or some other bark, by which they are impregnated with tannin, an astringent substance which exists in several species of bark, and thus rendered firm, durable, and in some degree, impervious to water.
2.  To make brown; to imbrown by exposure to the rays of the sun; as, to tan the skin.
 His face all tann'd with scorching sunny rays.
TAN, n.  The bark of the oak, &c. bruised and broken by a mill for tanning hides.  It bears this name before and after it has been used. Tan, after being used in tanning, is used in gardening for making hotbeds; and it is also made into cakes and used as fuel.


Topic: Tang
Definition:
TANG, n. [Gr. rancor; rancid.]
1.  A strong taste; particularly, a taste of something extraneous to the thing itself; as, wine or cider has a tang of the cask.
2.  Relish; taste. [Not elegant.]
3.  Something that leaves a sting or pain behind.
 She had a tongue with a tang.
4.  Sound; tone. [Not in use.]
TANG, v.i.  To ring with. [Not in use.]
[This may be allied to ding, dong.]


Topic: Tangent
Definition:
TAN'GENT, n. [L. tangens, touching.  See Touch.]
In geometry, a right line which touches a curve, but which when produced, does not cut it.  In trigonometry, the tangent of an arc, is a right line touching the arc at one extremity, and terminated by a second passing through the other extremity.


Topic: Tangibility
Definition:
TANGIBIL'ITY, n. [from tangible.] The quality of being perceptible to the touch or sense of feeling.


Topic: Tangible
Definition:
TAN'GIBLE, a. [from L. tango, to touch.]
1. Perceptible by the touch; tactile.
2.  That may be possessed or realized.


Topic: Tangle
Definition:
TAN'GLE, v.t.
1.  To implicate; to unite or knit together confusedly; to interweave or interlock, as threads, so as to make it difficult to ravel the knot.
2.  To ensnare; to entrap; as, to be tangled in the folds of dire necessity.
 Tangled in amorous nets.
3.  To embroil; to embarrass.
 When my simple weakness strays,
 Tangled in forbidden ways.
[Entangle, the compound, is the more elegant word.]
TAN'GLE, v.i. To be entangled or united confusedly.
TAN'GLE, n. A knot of threads or other things united confusedly, or so interwoven as not to be easily disengaged; as hair or yarn in tangled.
1.  A kind of sea weed.


Topic: Tanist
Definition:
TAN'IST, n. [Gr. a lord, to be powerful or able; L. teneo.]
Among the descendants of the Celts in Ireland, a lord, or the proprietor of a tract of land; a governor or captain. This office or rank was elective, and often obtained by purchase or bribery.


Topic: Tanistry
Definition:
TAN'ISTRY, n.  In Ireland, a tenure of lands by which the proprietor had only a life estate, and to this he was admitted by election.  The primitive intention seems to have been that the inheritance should descend to the oldest or most worthy of the blood and name of the deceased.  This was in reality giving it to the strongest, and the practice often occasioned bloody wars in families.


Topic: Tankard
Definition:
TANK'ARD, n.  A large vessel for liquors, or a drinking vessel, with a cover.
 Marius was the first who drank out of a silver tankard, after the manner of Bacchus.


Topic: Tannin
Definition:
TAN'NIN, n.  The chimical name of that astringent substance contained in vegetables, particularly in the bark of the oak and chestnut, and in gall-nut; the substance used to change raw hides into leather.


Topic: Tansy
Definition:
TAN'SY, n. s as z. [L. tanacetum.]  A plant of the genus Tanacetum, of many species.  It is extremely bitter to the taste, and used for medicinal and culinary purposes.


Topic: Tantalism
Definition:
TAN'TALISM, n. [See Tantalize.]  The punishment of Tantalus, a teasing or tormenting by the hope or near approach of good which is not attainable.
 Is not such a provision like tantalism to this people?


Topic: Tantalite
Definition:
TAN'TALITE, n.  The ore of tantalum or columbium, a newly discovered metal.  It is an iron black color, sometimes with a tinge of blue.  It is imbedded in angular pieces, from the size of a pea to that of a hazel-nut.


Topic: Tantalize
Definition:
TAN'TALIZE, v.t. [from Tantalus, in fable, who was condemned for his crimes to perpetual hunger and thirst, with food and water near him which he could not reach.] 
To tease or torment by presenting some good to the view and exciting desire, but continually frustrating the expectations by keeping that good out of reach; to tease; to torment.
 Thy vain desires, at strife
 Within themselves, have tantaliz'd thy life.


Topic: Tantamount
Definition:
TANT'AMOUNT, a. [L. tantus, so much, and amount.]  Equal; equivalent in value or signification; as a sum tantamount to all our expenses.  Silence is sometimes tantamount to consent.


Topic: Tap
Definition:
TAP, v.t.  To strike with something small, or to strike a very gentle blow; to touch gently; as, to tap one with the hand; to tap one on the shoulder with a cane.
TAP, v.i.  To strike a gentle blow.  He tapped at the door.
TAP, v.t.
1.  To pierce or broach a cask, and insert a tap.
2.  To open a cask and draw liquor.
3.  To pierce for letting out a fluid; as, to tap a tumor; to tap a dropsical person.
4.  To box, or bore into; as, to tap a maple tree to obtain the sap for making sugar.
TAP, n.  A gentle blow; a slight blow with a small thing.
 She gives her right hand woman a tap on the shoulder.
1.  A spile or pipe for drawing liquor from a cask.


Topic: Tape
Definition:
TAPE, n.  A narrow fillet or band; a narrow piece of woven work, used for strings and the like; as curtains tied with tape.


Topic: Tape-worm
Definition:
TA'PE-WORM, n. [tape and worm.] A worm bred in the human intestines or bowels.  The body is jointed, and each joint has its mouth.


Topic: Taper
Definition:
TA'PER, n. A small wax candle; a small lighted wax candle, or a small light.
 Get me a taper in my study, Lucius.
TA'PER, a. [supposed to be from the form of a taper.]
Regularly narrowed towards the point; becoming small towards one end; conical; pyramidical; as taper fingers.
TA'PER, v.i.  To diminish or become gradually smaller towards one end; as, a sugar loaf tapers towards a point.
TA'PER, v.t.  To make gradually smaller in diameter.


Topic: Tapering
Definition:
TA'PERING, ppr.  Making gradually smaller.
1. a. Becoming regularly smaller in diameter towards one end; gradually diminishing towards a point.


Topic: Tapestry
Definition:
TAP'ESTRY, n. [L. tapes, tapestry.]  A kind of woven hangings of wool and silk, often enriched with gold and silver, representing figures of men, animals, landscapes, &c.


Topic: Tapir
Definition:
TA'PIR, n.  A quadruped of S. America, about 6 feet long and 3 l/2 high, resembling a hog in shape, with a short movable proboscis.  It frequents the water, like the hippopotamus.


Topic: Tar
Definition:
T`AR, n.  [Eng. tare, in commerce.]
1.  A thick resinous substance of a dark brown or black color, obtained from pine and fir trees, by burning the wood with a close smothering heat.
Tar inspissated is called pitch, and is much used in ships and cordage.
2.  A sailor; so called form his tarred clothes.
T`AR, v.t. To smear with tar; as, to tar ropes.
1.  To tease; to provoke. [Not in use.]


Topic: Tarantula
Definition:
TARAN'TULA, n. A species of spider, the Aranea tarantula, so called, it is said, from Tarentum in Apulia, where this animal is mostly found; a venomous insect, whose bite gives name to a new disease, called tarantismus. This is said to be cured by music.


Topic: Tardation
Definition:
TARDA'TION, n. [L. tardo.  See Tardy.] The act of retarding or delaying.  [Not used. We use for this, retardation.]


Topic: Tardiness
Definition:
T`ARDINESS, n. [from tardy.]  Slowness; or the slowness of motion or pace.
1.  Unwillingness; reluctance manifested by slowness.
2.  Lateness; as the tardiness of witnesses or jurors in attendance; the tardiness of students in attending prayers or recitation.


Topic: Tardy
Definition:
T`ARDY, a. [L. tardus.]
1.  Slow; with a slow pace or motion.
 And check the tardy flight of time.
2.  Late; dilatory; not being in season.
 The tardy plants in our cold orchards plac'd

 You may freely censure him for being tardy in his payments.
3.  Slow; implying reluctance.
 Tardy to vengeance, and with mercy brave.
4.  Unwary.  [Not in use.]
5.  Criminal.  [Not in use.]
T`ARDY, v.i.  To delay.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Tardy-gaited
Definition:
T`ARDY-GAITED, a. [tardy and gait.]   Slow-paced; having a slow step or pace.
 The mellow horn
 Chides the tardy-gaited morn.


Topic: Tare
Definition:
TARE, n. [I know not the origin of this word. See the next word.]
1.  A weed that grows among corn.
 Declare to us the parable of the tares of the field. Matt.13.
2.  In agriculture, a plant of the vetch kind, of which there are two sorts, the purple flowered spring or summer tare, and the purple-flowered wild or winter tare.  It is much cultivated in England for fodder.
TARE, n.
1.  In commerce, deficiency in the weight or quantity of goods by reason of the weight of the cask, bag or other thing containing the commodity, and which is weighed with it; hence, the allowance or abatement of a certain weight or quantity from the weight or quantity of a commodity sold in a cask, chest, bag or the like, which the seller makes to the buyer on account of the weight of such cask, chest or bag; or the abatement may be on the price of the commodity sold.  When the tare is deducted, the remainder is called the net or neat weight.
TARE, v.t.  To ascertain or mark the amount of tare.
TARE, old pret. of tear. WE now use tore.


Topic: Target
Definition:
T`ARGET, n.
1.  A shield or buckler of a small kind, used as a defensive weapon in war.
2.  A mark for the artillery to fire at in their practice.


Topic: Targum
Definition:
T`ARGUM, n.  A translation or paraphrase of the sacred Scriptures in the Chaldee language or dialect.  Of these the Targum of Jonathan, and that of Onkelos, are held in most esteem by the Jews.


Topic: Tarif
Definition:
TAR'IF, n.
1.  Properly, a list or table of goods with the duties or customs to be paid for the same, either on importation or exportation, whether such duties are imposed by the government of a country, or agreed on by the princes or governments of two countries holding commerce with each other.
2.  A list or table of duties or customs to be paid on goods imported or exported.
TAR'IF, v.t.  To make a list of duties on goods.


Topic: Tarin
Definition:
TAR'IN, n.  A bird of the genus Fringilla, kept in cages for its beauty and fine notes; the citrinella.


Topic: Tarnish
Definition:
T`ARNISH, v.t.
1. To sully; to soil by an alteration induced by the air, or by dust and the like; to diminish or destroy luster; as, to tarnish a metal; to tarnish gilding; to tarnish the brightness or beauty of color.
2. To diminish or destroy the purity of; as to tarnish reputation or honor.
T`ARNISH, v.i.  To lose luster; to become dull; as, polished substances of gilding will tarnish in the course of time.  Metals tarnish by oxydation.


Topic: Tarnished
Definition:
T`ARNISHED, pp.  Sullied; having lost its brightness by oxydation, or by some alteration induced by exposure to air, dust and the like.
 Gold and silver, when tarnished, resume their brightness by setting them over certain lyes.  Copper and pewter, &c. tarnished, recover their luster with tripoli and potashes.


Topic: Tarpaulin
Definition:
T`ARPAU'LIN, n. [from tar.] A piece of canvas well daubed with tar, and used to cover the hatchways of a ship to prevent rain or water from entering the hold.
1.  A sailor; in contempt.


Topic: Tarrock
Definition:
TAR'ROCK, n.  A sea fowl of the genus Larus or gull kind, the L. tridactylus.  It is of the size of the common pigeon, and is remarkable for having no hind toe, but in lieu of it a small protuberance.


Topic: Tarry
Definition:
TAR'RY, v.i. [L. taurus, a bull.]
1.  To stay; to abide; to continue; to lodge.
 Tarry all night and wash your feet.  Gen.19.
2.  To stay behind. Ex.12.
3.  To stay in expectation; to wait.
 Tarry ye here for us, till we come again to you. Ex.24.
4.  To delay; to put off going or coming; to defer.
 Come down to me, tarry not. Gen.45.
5.  To remain; to stay.
 He that telleth lies, shall not tarry in my sight. Ps.101.
TAR'RY, v.t.  To wait for.
 I cannot tarry dinner.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Tarrying
Definition:
TAR'RYING, ppr.  Staying; delaying.
TAR'RYING, n.  Delay.  Ps.40.
[This word is in respectable use.]


Topic: Tarsus
Definition:
T`ARSUS, n.  That part of the foot to which the leg is articulated, the front of which is called the instep.


Topic: Tart
Definition:
T`ART, a.
1.  Acid; sharp to the taste; acidulous; as a tart apple.
2.  Sharp; keen; severe; as a tart reply; tart language; a tart rebuke.
T`ART, n. [L. tortus, twisted; and this may be the primary sense of tar, acid, sharp, and hence this noun, something acid or made of acid fruit.]     A species of pie or pastry, consisting of fruit baked on paste.


Topic: Tartan
Definition:
T`ARTAN, n.  A small coasting vessel with one mast and a bowsprit, and the principal sail, which is very large, extended by a lateen-yard.


Topic: Tartar
Definition:
T`ARTAR, n.
1.  An acid concrete salt, formed from wines completely fermented, and adhering to the sides of the casks in the form of a hard crust.  It is white or red, the white being most esteemed.  In its crude state, it is much used as a flux in the assaying of ores.
Tartar is a supertartrate of potash; that is, a compound of tartaric acid and potash, having the acid in excess.
2.  A person of a keen irritable temper.
3.  A native of Tartary; a corruption of Tatar.
T`ARTAR, n. [L. Tartarus.]   Hell. [Not in use.]


Topic: Tartly
Definition:
T`ARTLY, adv.  Sharply; with acidity.
1. Sharply; with poignancy; severely; as, to reply or rebuke tartly.
2. With sourness of aspect.


Topic: Tartness
Definition:
T`ARTNESS, n. Acidity; sharpness to the taste; as the tartness of wine or fruit.
1. Sharpness of language or manner; poignancy; keenness; severity; as the tartness of rebuke.


Topic: Tartrateartrite
Definition:
T`ARTRATE`ARTRITE, n. [from tartar.]  A salt formed by the combination of tartarous or tartaric acid with a base; as tartrite of potash; tartrite of soda.


Topic: Task
Definition:
T`ASK, n.
1.  Business imposed by another, often a definite quantity or amount of labor. Each man has his task.  When he has performed his task, his time is  his own. Ex.5.
2.  Business; employment.
 His mental powers were equal to greater tasks.
3.  Burdensome employment.

To take to task, to reprove; to reprimand; as, to take one to task for idleness.
T`ASK, v.t.
1.  To impose a task; to assign to one a definite amount of business or labor.
2.  To burden with some employment; to require to perform.
 There task thy maids, and exercise the loom.


Topic: Taskmaster
Definition:
T`ASKMASTER, n. [task and master.]  One who imposes a task, or burdens with labor. Sinful propensities and appetites are men's most unrelenting taskmasters.  They condemn us to unceasing drudgery, and reward us with pain, remorse and poverty.  Next to our sinful propensities, fashion is the most oppressive taskmaster.
1.  One whose office is to assign tasks to others.  Ex. 1. 3.


Topic: Tassel
Definition:
TAS'SEL, n.
1.  A sort of pendant ornament, attached to the corners of cushions, to curtains and the like, ending in loose threads.
2.  A small ribbon of silk sewed to a book, to be put between the leaves.
3.  In building, tassels are the pieces of boards that lie under the mantle-tree.
4.  A burr.  [See Teasel.]
5.  A male hawk; properly terzol.


Topic: Tasses
Definition:
TAS'SES, n. plu.  Armor for the thighs; appendages to the ancient corslet, consisting of skirts of iron that covered the thighs.  They were fastened to the cuirass with hooks.


Topic: Taste
Definition:
TASTE, v.t.
1.  To perceive by means of the tongue; to have a certain sensation in consequence of something applied to the tongue, the organ of taste; as, to taste bread; to taste wine; to taste a sweet or an acid.
2.  To try the relish of by the perception of the organs of taste.
3.  To try by eating a little; or to eat a little.
 Because I tasted a little of this honey.  1 Sam.14.
4.  To essay first.
5.  To have pleasure from.
6.  To experience; to feel; to undergo.
 That he by the grace of God should taste death for every man. Heb.2.
7.  To relish intellectually; to enjoy.
 Thou, Adam, wilt taste no pleasure.
8.  To experience by shedding, as blood.
 When Commodus had once tasted human blood, he became incapable of pity or remorse.
TASTE, v.i. To try by the mouth; to eat or drink; or to eat or drink a little only; as, to taste of each kind of wine.
1.  To have a smack; to excite a particular sensation, by which the quality or flavor is distinguished; as, butter tastes of garlic; apples boiled in a brass-kettle, sometimes taste of brass.
2.  To distinguish intellectually.
 Scholars, when good sense describing,
 Call it tasting and imbibing.
3.  To try the relish of any thing. Taste of the fruits; taste for yourself.
4.  To be tinctured; to have a particular quality or character.
 Ev'ry idle, nice and wanton reason
 Shall, to the king, taste of this action.
5.  To experience; to have perception of.
 The valiant never taste of death but once.
6.  To take to be enjoyed.
 Of nature's bounty men forbore to taste.
7.  To enjoy sparingly.
 For age but tastes of pleasures, youth devours.
8.  To have the experience or enjoyment of.
 They who have tasted of the heavenly gift, and the good word of God.  Heb.6.
TASTE, n.  The act of tasting; gustation.
1.  A particular sensation excited in an animal by the application of a substance to the tongue, the proper organ; as the taste of an orange or an apple; a bitter taste; an acid taste; a sweet taste.
2.  The sense by which we perceive the relish of a thing.  This sense appears to reside in the tongue or its papillae.  Men have a great variety of tastes.  In the influenza of 1790, the taste, for some days, was entirely extinguished.
3.  Intellectual relish; as, he had no taste of true glory.
 I have no taste
 Of popular applause.
[Note.  In this use, the word is now followed by for.  'He had no taste for glory.'  When followed by of, the sense is ambiguous, or rather it denotes experience, trial.]
4.  Judgment; discernment; nice perception, or the power of perceiving and relishing excellence in human performances; the faculty of discerning beauty, order, congruity, proportion, symmetry, or whatever constitutes excellence, particularly in the fine arts and belles lettres.  Taste is not wholly the gift of nature, nor wholly the effect of art.  It depends much on culture.  We say, a good taste, or a fine taste.
5.  Style; manner, with respect to what is pleasing; as a poem or music composed in good taste.
6.  Essay; trial; experiment.  [Not in use.]
7.  A small portion given as a specimen.
8.  A bit; a little piece tasted or eaten.


Topic: Tasteless
Definition:
TASTELESS, a.  Having no taste; insipid; as tasteless fruit.
1.  Having no power of giving pleasure; as tasteless amusements.
2.  Having no power to perceive taste.  [Not used.]
3.  Having no intellectual gust. [Little used.]


Topic: Tastelessness
Definition:
TASTELESSNESS, n.  Want of taste or relish; insipidness; as the tastelessness of fruit.
1.  Want of perception of taste. [Not in use.]
2.  Want of intellectual relish. [Not in use.]


Topic: Taster
Definition:
TASTER, n.  One who tastes.
1.  One who first tastes food or liquor.
 Thy tutor be thy taster, e'er thou eat.
2.  A dram cup.


Topic: Tasting
Definition:
TASTING, ppr.  Perceiving by the tongue.
1.  Trying; experiencing; enjoying or suffering.
TASTING, n. The art of perceiving by the tongue.
1.  The sense by which we perceive of distinguish savors; or the perception of external objects through the instrumentality of the tongue or organs of taste.


Topic: Tasty
Definition:
TASTY, a.  Having a good taste, or nice perception of excellence; applied to persons; as a tasty lady.
1.  Being in conformity to the principles of good taste; elegant; as tasty furniture; a tasty dress.


Topic: Tatter
Definition:
TAT'TER, v.t.  To rend or tear into rags.  [Not used except in the participle.]
TAT'TER, n.  A rag, or a part torn and hanging to the thing; chiefly used in the plural, tatters.


Topic: Tattered
Definition:
TAT'TERED, pp. or a.  Rent; torn; hanging in rags; as a tattered garment.
 Where wav'd the tatter'd ensigns of Rag-fair.


Topic: Tattle
Definition:
TAT'TLE, v.i.
1.  To prate; to talk idly; to use many words with little meaning.
 Excuse it by the tattling quality of age, which is always narrative.
2.  To tell tales; to communicate secrets; as a tattling girl.
TAT'TLE, n.  Prate, idle talk or chat; trifling talk.
 They told the tattle of the day.


Topic: Tattoo
Definition:
TATTOO', n. [Eng. tap.]   A beat of drum at night, giving notice to soldiers to retreat, or to repair to their quarters in garrison, or to their tents in camp.
TATTOO', v.t. [In the South Sea isles.]   To prick the skin, and stain the punctured spots with a black substance, forming lines and figures upon the body. In some isles, the inhabitants tattoo the face, in others only the body. The same practice exists among other rude nations.
TATTOO', n. Figures on the body made by punctures and stains in lines and figures.


Topic: Tau
Definition:
TAU, n.  The toad fish of Carolina, a species of Gadus.(G.tau.)
1.  A species of beetle; also, a species of moth, (Phalena;) also, a kind of fly, (Musca.)


Topic: Taught
Definition:
TAUGHT, a. taut. [from the root of tight.]    Stretched; not slack.
TAUGHT, pret. and pp. of teach. pron. taut. [L. doctus.]
Experience taught him wisdom.  He has been taught in the school of experience.


Topic: Taunt
Definition:
T`AUNT, v.t.
1.  To reproach with severe or insulting words; to revile; to upbraid.
 When I had at my pleasure taunted her--
2.  To exprobrate; to censure.
 Rail thou in Fulvia's phrase,and taunt my faults.
T`AUNT, n.  Upbraiding words; bitter or sarcastic reproach; insulting invective.
 With sacrilegious taunt and impious jest.


Topic: Taurus
Definition:
TAUR'US, n. [L.] The bull; one of the twelve signs of the zodiac, and the second in order, or that next to Aries.  This constellation, according to the British catalogue, contains 141 stars.


Topic: Tautology
Definition:
TAUTOL'OGY, n. [Gr. the same, and word or expression.]
A repetition of the same meaning in different words; needless repetition of a thing in different words or phrases; or a representation of any thing as the cause, condition of consequence of itself, as in the following lines.
 The dawn in overcast, the morning low'rs,
 And heavily in clouds brings on the day.


Topic: Tavern
Definition:
TAV'ERN, n. [L. taberna; tab, the root of table, a board.]
A house licensed to see liquors in small quantities, to be drank on the spot.  In some of the United States, tavern is synonymous with inn or hotel, and denotes a house for the entertainment of travelers, as well as for the sale of liquors, licensed for that purpose.


Topic: Tavern-haunter
Definition:
TAV'ERN-H`AUNTER, n. [tavern and haunt.]  One who frequents taverns; one who spends his time and substance in tippling in taverns.


Topic: Tavern-keeper
Definition:
TAV'ERN-KEEPER, n.  One who keeps a tavern.  In the United States, one who is licensed to sell liquors to be drank in his house, and to entertain travelers and lodgers, together with the horses or oxen composing their teams.  Taverners are by law to be provided with suitable beds for their guests, and with fodder for horses and cattle.


Topic: Taw
Definition:
TAW, v.t.  To dress white leather or alum leather; to dress and prepare skins in white, as the skins of sheep, lambs, goats and kids, for gloves and the like.
TAW, n.  A marble to be played with.


Topic: Tawdriness
Definition:
TAW'DRINESS, n. [from tawdry.]  Tinsel in dress; excessive finery; ostentatious finery without elegance.
 A clumsy person makes his ungracefulness more ungraceful by tawdriness of dress.


Topic: Tawdry
Definition:
TAW'DRY, a.  Very fine and showy in colors without taste or elegance; having an excess of showy ornaments without grace; as a tawdry dress; tawdry feathers; tawdry colors.
 He rails from morning to night at essenced fops and tawdry courtiers.
TAW'DRY, n.  A slight ornament.


Topic: Tawing
Definition:
TAW'ING, ppr.  Dressing, as white leather.
TAW'ING, n.  The art and operation of preparing skins and forming them into white leather.


Topic: Tawny
Definition:
TAW'NY, a.  Of a yellowish dark color, like things tanned, or persons who are sun-burnt; as a tawny Moor or Spaniard; the tawny sons of Numidia; the tawny lion.


Topic: Tax
Definition:
TAX, n. [L. taxo, to tax.]
1.  A rate or sum of money assessed on the person or property of a citizen by government, for the use of the nation or state.  Taxes, in free governments, are usually laid upon the property of citizens according to their income, or the value of their estates.  Tax is a term of general import, including almost every species of imposition on persons or property for supplying the public treasury, as tolls, tribute, subsidy, excise, impost, or customs.  But more generally, tax is limited to the sum laid upon polls, lands, houses, horses, cattle, professions and occupations.  So we speak of a land tax, a window tax, a tax on carriages, &c.  Taxes are annual or perpetual.
2.  A sum imposed on the persons and property of citizens to defray the expenses of a corporation, society, parish or company; as a city tax, a county tax, a parish tax, and the like. So a private association may lay a tax on its members for the use of the association.
3.  That which is imposed; a burden.  The attention that he gives to public business is a heavy tax on his time.
4. Charge; censure.
5. Task.
TAX, v.t. [L. taxo.]
1.  To law, impose or assess upon citizens a certain sum of money or amount of property, to be paid to the public treasury, or to the treasury of a corporation or company, to defray the expenses of the government or corporation, &c.
 We are more heavily taxed by our idleness, pride and folly, than we are taxed by government.
2.  To load with a burden or burdens.
 The narrator--never taxes our faith beyond the obvious bounds of probability.
3.  To assess, fix or determine judicially, as the amount of cost on actions in court; as, the court taxes bills of cost.
4.  To charge; to censure; to accuse; usually followed by with; as, to tax a man with pride.  He was taxed with presumption.
 Men's virtues I have commended as freely as I have taxed their crimes.
[To tax of a crime, is not in use, nor to tax for.  Both are now improper.]


Topic: Taxable
Definition:
TAX'ABLE, a.  That may be taxed; liable by law to the assessment of taxes; as taxable estate. By the laws of some states, polls are taxable after the age of seventy.
1.  That may be legally charged by a court against the plaintiff or defendant in a suit; as taxable costs.


Topic: Taxation
Definition:
TAXA'TION, n. [L. taxatio.]  A taxing; the act of laying a tax, or of imposing taxes on the subjects of a state by government, or on the members of a corporation or company by the proper authority.  Taxation is probably the most difficult subject of legislation.
1.  Tax; sum imposed.  [Little used.]
 He daily such taxations did exact--
2.  Charge; accusation. [Little us
3.  The act of taxing or assessing a bill of cost.


Topic: Taxer
Definition:
TAX'ER, n.  One who taxes.
1.  In Cambridge, two officers chosen yearly to see the true gauge of weights and measures observed.


Topic: Taxiarch
Definition:
TAX'IARCH, n. [Gr. order, and chief.]  An Athenian military officer commanding a taxis or battalion.


Topic: Taxing
Definition:
TAX'ING, ppr.  Imposing a tax; assessing, as a bill of cost; accusing.

TAX'ING, n. The act of laying a tax; taxation.  Luke 2.


Topic: Taxonomy
Definition:
TAXON'OMY, n. [Gr. order, and law.]  Classification; a term used by a French author to denote the classification of plants.


Topic: Tea
Definition:
TEA, n.
1.  The leaves of the tea-tree as dried and imported.  There are several kinds of tea, as imperial tea, hyson and young hyson, called green teas; souchong and bohea, called black teas, &c.
3. Any infusion or decoction of vegetables; as sage tea; camomile tea, &c.


Topic: Tea-pot
Definition:
TE'A-POT, n. [tea and pot.]  A vessel with a spout, in which tea is made, and from which it is poured into tea-cups.


Topic: Tea-tree
Definition:
TE'A-TREE, n. [tea and tree.]  The tree or plant that produces the leaves which are imported and called tea.  The generic name given to it by Linne, is thea.  It is a native of China, Japan and Tonquin, but has recently been introduced into S. America.


Topic: Teach
Definition:
TEACH, v.t. pret. and pp. taught. [L. doceo; dico, dicto, and both these and the Gr. to show, may be of one family; all implying sending, passing, communicating, or rather leading, drawing.
1.  To instruct; to inform; to communicate to another the knowledge of that of which he was before ignorant.
 He will teach us of his ways, and we will walk in his paths.  Is.2.
 Lord, teach us to pray, as John also taught his disciples. Luke 11.
2.  To deliver any doctrine, art, principles or words for instruction. One sect of ancient philosophers taught the doctrines of stoicism, another those of epicureanism.
 In vain they worship me, teaching for doctrines the commandments of men.  Matt.15.  
3.  To tell; to give intelligence.
4.  To instruct, or to practice the business of an instructor; to use or follow the employment of a preceptor; as, a man teaches school for a livelihood.
5.  To show; to exhibit so as to impress on the mind.
 If some men teach wicked things, it must be that others may practice them.
6.  To accustom; to make familiar.
 They have taught their tongue to speak lies. Jer.9.
7.  To inform or admonish; to give previous notice to.
 For he taught his disciples, and said--Mark 9.
8.  To suggest to the mind.
 For the Holy Spirit shall teach you in that same hour what ye ought to say.  Luke 12.
9.  To signify or give notice.
 He teacheth with his fingers.  Prov.6.
    10. To counsel and direct. Hab.2.
TEACH, v.i.  To practice giving instruction; to perform the business of a preceptor.
 The heads thereof judge for reward, and the priests thereof teach for hire.  Mic.3.
TEACH, n.  In sugar works, the last boiler.


Topic: Teachable
Definition:
TE'ACHABLE, a. That may be taught; apt to learn; also, readily receiving instruction; docile.
 We ought to bring our minds free, unbiased and teachable, to learn our religion from the word of God.


Topic: Teachableness
Definition:
TE'ACHABLENESS, n.  The quality of being capable of receiving instruction; more generally, a willingness or readiness to be informed and instructed; docility; aptness to learn.


Topic: Teacher
Definition:
TE'ACHER, n.  One who teaches or instructs.
1.  An instructor; a preceptor; a tutor; one whose business or occupation is to instruct others.
2.  One who instructs others in religion; a preacher; a minister of the gospel.
 The teachers in all the churches assembled themselves.
3.  One who preaches without regular ordination.


Topic: Teaching
Definition:
TE'ACHING, ppr. Instructing; informing.
TE'ACHING, n. The act or business of instructing.
1.  Instruction.


Topic: Team
Definition:
TEAM, n.
1.  Two or more horses, oxen or other beasts harnessed together to the same vehicle for drawing, as to a coach, chariot, wagon, cart, sled, sleigh and the like.  It has been a great question whether teams of horses or oxen are most advantageously employed in agriculture.  In land free from stones and stumps and of easy tillage, it is generally agreed that horses are preferable for teams.
2. Any number passing in a line; a long line.
 Like a long team of snowy swans on high.
[This is the primary sense, but is rarely used.]


Topic: Tear
Definition:
TEAR, n.
1. Tears are the limpid fluid secreted by the lacrymal gland, and appearing in the eyes, or flowing from them.  A tear, in the singular, is a drop or a small quantity of that fluid.  Tears are excited by passions, particularly by grief.  This fluid is also called forth by any injury done to the eye.  It serves to moisten the cornea and preserve its transparency, and to remove any dust or fine substance that enters the eye and gives pain.
2. Something in the form of a transparent drop of fluid matter.
TEAR, v.t. [L. tero.]
1.  To separate by violence or pulling; to rend; to lacerate; as, to tear cloth; to tear a garment, to tear the skin or flesh.  We use tear and rip in different senses.  To tear is to rend or separate the texture of cloth; to rip is to open a seam, to separate parts sewed together.
2.  To wound; to lacerate.
 The women beat their breasts, their cheeks they tear.
3.  To rend; to break; to form fissures by any violence; as, torrents tear the ground.
4.  To divide by violent measures; to shatter; to rend; as a state or government torn by factions.
5.  To pull with violence; as, to tear the hair.
6.  To remove by violence; to break up.
 Or on rough seas from their foundation torn.
7.  To make a violent rent.
 In the midst, a tearing groan did break
 The name of Antony.
To tear from, to separate and take away by force; as an isle torn from its possessor.
 The hand of fate
 Has torn thee from me.
To tear off, to pull off by violence; to strip.
To tear out, to pull or draw out by violence; as, to tear out the eyes.
To tear up, to rip up; to remove from a fixed state by violence; as, to tear up a floor; to tear up the foundations of government or order.
TEAR, v.i.  To rave; to rage; to rant; to move and act with turbulent violence; as a mad bull.
TEAR, n.  A rent; a fissure.  [Little used.]


Topic: Tease
Definition:
TEASE, v.t. s as z.
1.  To comb or card, as wool or flax.
2.  To scratch, as cloth in dressing, for the purpose of raising a nap.
3.  To vex with importunity or impertinence; to harass, annoy, disturb or irritate by petty requests, or by jests and raillery.  Parents are often teased by their children into unreasonable compliances.
 My friends tease me about him, because he has no estate.


Topic: Teasel
Definition:
TE'ASEL, n. tee'zl.  A plant of the genus Dipsacus, one kind of which bears a large burr which is used for raising a nap on woolen cloth.  Hence,
1.  The burr of the plant.


Topic: Teasing
Definition:
TE'ASING, ppr. Combing; carding; scratching for the purpose of raising a nap; vexing with importunity.


Topic: Technical
Definition:
TECH'NICAL, a. [L. technicus; Gr. art, artifice; to fabricate, make or prepare.]
1.  Pertaining to art or the arts.  A technical word is a word that belongs properly or exclusively to an art; as the verb to smelt, belongs to metallurgy.  So we say, technical phrases, technical language.  Every artificer has his technical terms.
2.  Belonging to a particular profession; as, the words of an indictment must be technical.
 It is of the utmost importance clearly to understand the technical terms used by the eastern theologians.


Topic: Technically
Definition:
TECH'NICALLY, adv.  In a technical manner; according to the signification of terms of art or the professions.


Topic: Technological
Definition:
TECHNOLOG'ICAL, a.  [See Technology.]
1.  Pertaining to technology.
2.  Pertaining to the arts; as technological institutes.


Topic: Technology
Definition:
TECHNOL'OGY, n. [Gr. art, and word or discourse.]
1.  A description of arts; or a treatise on the arts.
2.  An explanation of the terms of the arts.


Topic: Ted
Definition:
TED, v.t.  A spread; tedu, to distend.  Among farmers, to spread; to turn new mowed grass from the swath, and scatter it for drying.  [Local.]


Topic: Tedder
Definition:
TED'DER, n.
1.  A rope or chain by which an animal is tied that he may feed on the ground to the extent of the rope and no further.  Hence the popular saying, a person has gone to the length of his tedder.
2. That by which one is restrained.
TED'DER, v.t. To tie with a tedder; to permit to feed to the length of a rope or chain.
1.  To restrain to certain limits.
Te deum, a hymn to be sung in churches or on occasions of joy; so called from the first words.
 Te deum was sung at St. Paul's after the victory.


Topic: Tedious
Definition:
TE'DIOUS, a.  [L. toedium.]
1.  Wearisome; tiresome from continuance, prolixity, or slowness which causes prolixity. We say, a man is tedious in relating a story; a minister is tedious in his sermon.  We say also, a discourse is tedious, when it wearies by its length or dullness.
2.  Slow; as a tedious course.


Topic: Tediousnes
Definition:
TE'DIOUSNES, n.  Wearisomeness by length of continuance or by prolixity; as the tediousness of an oration or argument.
1.  Prolixity; length.
2.  Tiresomeness; quality of wearying; as the tediousness of delay.
3.  Slowness that wearies.


Topic: Teek
Definition:
TEEK, n.  A tree of the East Indies, which furnishes an abundance of ship timber.  The generic name given to it by Linne, is Tectona.


Topic: Teem
Definition:
TEEM, v.i.
1. To bring forth,as young.
 If she must teem,
 Create her child of spleen--
2.  To be pregnant; to conceive; to engender young.
 Teeming buds and cheerful greens appear.
3.  To be full; to be charged; as a breeding animal; to be prolific.  Every head teems with politics.
4.  To bring forth; to produce, particularly in abundance. The earth teems with fruits; the sea teems with fishes.
TEEM, v.t. To produce; to bring forth.
 What's the newest grief?
 Each minute teems a new one.
[This transitive sense is not common.]
1.  To pour.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Teens
Definition:
TEENS, n.  [from teen, ten.]  The years of one's age reckoned by the termination teen.  These years begin with thirteen, and end with nineteen.  Miss is in her teens.


Topic: Teeth
Definition:
TEETH, plu. of tooth, which see.
In the teeth, directly; in direct opposition; in front.
 Nor strive with all the tempest in my teeth.
TEETH, v.i. [from the noun.]  To breed teeth.


Topic: Teething
Definition:
TEE'THING, ppr.  Breeding teeth; undergoing dentition.
TEE'THING, n. The operation or process of the first growth of teeth, or the process by which they make their way through the gums, called dentition.


Topic: Tegular
Definition:
TEG'ULAR, a. [L. tegula, a tile, from tego, to cover or make close.]  Pertaining to a tile; resembling a tile; consisting of tiles.


Topic: Tegument
Definition:
TEG'UMENT, n. [L. tegumentum, from tego, to cover.]
A cover or covering; seldom used except in reference to the covering of a living body.  [See Integument.]


Topic: Telary
Definition:
TEL'ARY, a. [L. tela, a web.]  Pertaining to a web.
1.  Spinning webs; as a telary spider.  [Little used.]


Topic: Telegraph
Definition:
TEL'EGRAPH, n. [Gr. at a distance, and to write.]  A machine for communicating intelligence from a distance by various signals or movements previously agreed on; which signals represent letters, words or ideas which can be transmitted form one station to another, as far as the signals can be seen.  This machine was invented by the French about the year 1793 or 1794, and is now adopted by other nations.


Topic: Telegraphic
Definition:
TELEGRAPH'IC, a.  Pertaining to the telegraph; made by a telegraph; as telegraphic movements or signals; telegraphic art.
1.  Communicated by a telegraph; as telegraphic intelligence.


Topic: Telescope
Definition:
TEL'ESCOPE, n. [Gr. end, or at a distance, probably the latter, and to see.]   An optical instrument employed in viewing distant objects, as the heavenly bodies. It assists the eye chiefly in two ways; first, by enlarging the visual angle under which a distant object is seen, and thus magnifying that object; and secondly, by collecting and conveying to the eye a larger beam of light than would enter the naked organ, and thus rendering objects distinct and visible which would otherwise be indistinct or invisible. Its essential parts are the object glass, which collects the beam of light and forms an image of the object, and the eye glass, which is a microscope by which the image is magnified.


Topic: Tell
Definition:
TELL, v.t. pret. and pp. told. [L. telum; L.appello and peal, L. pello.]
1.  To utter; to express in words; to communicate to others.
 I will not eat till I have told my errand. Gen.24.
2.  To relate; to narrate; to rehearse particulars; as, to tell a story.  Gen.37.
 And not a man appears to tell their fate.
3.  To teach; to inform; to make known; to show by words.  Tell us the way.
 Why didst thou not tell me that she was thy wife? Gen.12.
4.  To discover; to disclose; to betray.
 They will tell it to the inhabitants of this land. Num.14.
5.  To count; to number.
 Look now towards heaven, and tell the stars. Gen.15.
6.  To relate in confession; to confess or acknowledge.
 Tell me now what thou hast done. Josh.7.
7.  To publish.
 Tell it not in Gath.  2 Sam.1.
8.  To unfold; to interpret; to explain. Ezek.24.
9.  To make excuses.
 Tush, never tell me.  [Not elegant.]
    10. To make known.
 Our feelings tell us how long they ought to have submitted.
   11. To discover; to find; to discern. The colors are so blended that I cannot tell where one ends and the other begins.
Tell, though equivalent in some respects to speak and say, has not always the same application.  We say, to tell this, that or what, to tell a story, to tell a word, to tell truth or falsehood, to tell a number, to tell the reasons, to tell something or nothing; but we never say, to tell a speech, discourse or oration, or to tell an argument or a lesson.  It is much used in commands. Tell me the whole story; tell me all you know, or all that was said.  Tell has frequently the sense of narrate; which speak and say have not.
TELL, v.i.  To give an account; to make report.
 --That I may publish with the voice of thanksgiving, and tell of all thy wondrous works.  Ps.36.
To tell of
To tell on - to inform.  You must not disobey; I will tell of you if you do.  This is a common popular use of the word.  To tell on, is quite vulgar as well as improper.


Topic: Tell-tale
Definition:
TELL'-TALE, a.  Telling tales; babbling.
TELL'-TALE, n. [tell and tale.] One who officiously communicates information of the private concerns of individuals; one who tells that which prudence should suppress, and which if told, often does mischief among neighbors.
1.  A movable piece of ivory or lead on a chamber organ, that gives notice when the wind is exhausted.
2.  In seamanship, a small piece of wood, traversing in a groove across the front of the poop deck, and which, by communicating with a small barrel on the axis of the steering wheel, indicates the situation of the helm.


Topic: Teller
Definition:
TELL'ER, n.  One that tells, relates or communicates the knowledge of something.
1.  One who numbers.
2.  In the exchequer of England, there are four officers called tellers, whose business is to receive all moneys due to the crown, and throw down a bill through a pipe into the tally-court, where it is received by the auditor's clerks, who write the words of the bill on a tally, and deliver it to be entered by the clerk of the pell.  The tally is then split by the two deputy chamberlains, who have their seals, and while the senior deputy reads the one part, the junior examines the other with the other two clerks. [This word is supposed to be from tally, being in ancient records written tallier.]


Topic: Tellinite
Definition:
TEL'LINITE, n. [from tellina, a genus of testaceous animals.]
Petrified or fossil shells of the genus Tellina.


Topic: Tellurium
Definition:
TELLU'RIUM, n. A metal recently discovered by Klaproth, combined with gold and silver in the ores, and received from the bannat of Temeswar.  The ores are denominated native, graphic, yellow, and black.  The native tellurium is of a color between tin and silver, and sometimes inclines to a steel gray.  The graphic tellurium is stell gray; but sometimes white, yellow or lead gray.  These ores are found massive or crystallized.


Topic: Temachis
Definition:
TEM'ACHIS, n. [Gr. a piece.]  A genus of fossils of the class of gypsums, softer than others, and of a bright glittering hue.


Topic: Temerarious
Definition:
TEMERA'RIOUS, a. [L. temerarius; from the root of time, tempest, which see. The sense is rushing or advancing forward.]
1. Rash; headstrong; unreasonably adventurous; despising danger; as temerarious folly.
2.  Careless; heedless; done at random; as the temerarious dash of an unguided pen.  
[This word is not much used.]


Topic: Temerity
Definition:
TEMER'ITY, n. [L. temeritas; properly a rushing forward.]
1.  Rashness; unreasonable contempt of danger; as the temerity of a commander in war.
2.  Extreme boldness.
 The figures are bold even to temerity.


Topic: Temin
Definition:
TEM'IN, n.  A money of account in Algiers, equivalent to 2 carubes, or 29 aspers, about 34 cents, or 17d sterling.


Topic: Temper
Definition:
TEM'PER, v.t. [L. tempero, to mix or moderate]
1.  To mix so that one part qualifies the other; to bring to a moderate state; as, to temper justice with mercy.
2.  To compound; to form by mixture; to qualify, as by an ingredient; or in general, to mix, unite or combine two or more things so as to reduce the excess of the qualities of either, and bring the whole to the desired consistence or state.
 Thou shalt make it a perfume, a confection after the art of the apothecary, tempered together, pure and holy. Ex.30.
3.  To unite in due proportion; to render symmetrical; to adjust, as parts to each other.
 God hath tempered the body together. 1 Cor.12.
4.  To accommodate; to modify.
 Thy sustenance serving to the appetite of the eater, tempered itself to every man's liking.
5.  To soften; to mollify; to assuage; to soothe; to calm; to reduce any violence or excess.
 Solon--labored to temper the warlike courages of the Athenians with sweet delights of learning.
 Woman! nature made thee
 To temper man; we had been brutes without you.
6.  To form to a proper degree of hardness; as, to temper iron or steel.
 The temper'd metals clash, and yield a silver sound.
7.  To govern; a Latinism.  [Not in use.]
8.  In music, to modify or amend a false or imperfect concord by transferring to it a part of the beauty of a perfect one, that is, by dividing the tones.
TEM'PER, n.  Due mixture of different qualities; or the state of any compound substance which results from the mixture of various ingredients; as the temper of mortar.
1.  Constitution of body.  [In this sense we more generally use temperament.]
2.  Disposition of mind; the constitution of the mind, particularly with regard to the passions and affections; as a calm temper; a hasty temper; a fretful temper. This is applicable to beasts as well as to man.
 Remember with what mild
 And gracious temper he both heard and judg'd.
3.  Calmness of mind; moderation.
 Restore yourselves unto your tempers, fathers.
 To fall with dignity, with temper rise.
4.  Heat of mind or passion; irritation.  The boy showed a great deal of temper when I reproved him.
So we say, a man of violent temper, when we speak of his irritability.  [This use of the word is common, though a deviation from its original and genuine meaning.]
5.  The state of a metal, particularly as to its hardness; as the temper of iron or steel.
6.  Middle course; mean or medium.
7.  In sugar works, white lime or other substance stirred into a clarifier filled with cane-juice, to neutralize the super abundant acid.


Topic: Temperament
Definition:
TEM'PERAMENT, n. [L. temperamentum.]
1.  Constitution; state with respect to the predominance of any quality; as the temperament of the body.
 Bodies are denominated hot and cold, in proportion to the present temperament of that part of our body to which they are applied.
2.  Medium; due mixture of different qualities.
 The common law--has reduced the kingdom to its just state and temperament.
3.  In music, temperament is an operation which, by means of a slight alteration in the intervals, causes the difference between two contiguous sounds to disappear, and makes each of them appear identical with the other.
Temperament is the accommodation or adjustment of the imperfect sounds, by transferring a part of their defects to the more perfect ones, to remedy in part the false intervals of instruments of fixed sounds, as the organ, harpsichord, forte piano, &c.
The harshness of a given concord increases with the temperament.


Topic: Temperance
Definition:
TEM'PERANCE, n. [L. temperantia, from tempero.]
1.  Moderation; particularly, habitual moderation in regard to the indulgence of the natural appetites and passions; restrained or moderate indulgence; as temperance in eating and drinking; temperance in the indulgence of joy or mirth.  Temperance in eating and drinking is opposed to gluttony and drunkenness, and in other indulgences, to excess.
2.  Patience; calmness; sedateness; moderation of passion.
 He calm'd his wrath with goodly temperance. [Unusual.]


Topic: Temperate
Definition:
TEM'PERATE, a. [L. temperatus.]  Moderate; not excessive; as temperate heat; a temperate climate; temperate air.
1.  Moderate in the indulgence of the appetites and passions; as temperate in eating and drinking; temperate in pleasures; temperate in speech.
 Be sober and temperate, and you will be healthy.
2.  Cool; calm; not marked with passion; not violent; as a temperate discourse or address; temperate language.
3.  Proceeding from temperance; as temperate sleep.
4.  Free from ardent passion.
 She is not hot, but temperate as the morn.
Temperate zone, the space on the earth between the tropics and the polar circles, where the heat is less than in the tropics, and the cold less than in the polar circles.


Topic: Temperately
Definition:
TEM'PERATELY, adv.  Moderately; without excess or extravagance.
1.  Calmly; without violence of passion; as, to reprove one temperately.
2.  With moderate force.
 Winds that temperately blow.


Topic: Temperateness
Definition:
TEM'PERATENESS, n.  Moderation; freedom from excess; as the temperateness of the weather or of a climate.
1.  Calmness; coolness of mind.


Topic: Temperature
Definition:
TEM'PERATURE, n. [L. temperature.]
1.  In physics, the state of a body with regard to heat or cold, as indicated by the thermometer; or the degree of free caloric which a body possesses,when compared with other bodies.  When a body applied to another, either excites the sensation of heat, or expands that body, we say it is of a higher temperature; that is, it possesses more free caloric.  When it excites the sensation of cold, or contracts another body, it is said to be of a lower temperature. Thus we speak of the temperature of air, of water, of a climate, &c.; two countries of the same temperature.
2.  Constitution; state; degree of any quality.
 Memory depends upon the consistence and temperature of the brain.
3.  Moderation; freedom from immoderate passions.
 In that proud port, which her so goodly graceth,
 Most goodly temperature you may descry.
 [Not in use.]


Topic: Tempered
Definition:
TEM'PERED, pp.  Duly mixed or modified; reduced to a proper state; softened; allayed; hardened.
1.  Adjusted by musical temperament.
2.  a. Disposed; as a well tempered, good tempered, or bad tempered man.


Topic: Tempering
Definition:
TEM'PERING, ppr.  Mixing and qualifying; qualifying by mixture; softening; mollifying; reducing to a state of moderation; hardening.


Topic: Tempest
Definition:
TEM'PEST, n. [L. tempestas; tempus, time, season.  The primary sense of tempus, time, is a falling, or that which falls, comes or happens, from some verb which signifies to fall or come suddenly, or rather to drive, to rush.  Time is properly a coming, a season, that which presents itself, or is present.  The sense of tempest, is from the sense of rushing or driving.  See Temerity and Temerarious.
1.  An extensive current of wind, rushing with great velocity and violence; a storm of extreme violence.  We usually apply the word to a steady wind of long continuance; but we say also of a tornado, it blew a tempest.  The currents of wind are named, according to their respective degrees of force or rapidity, a breeze, a gale, a storm, a tempest; but gale is also used as synonymous with storm, and storm with tempest.  Gust is usually applied to a sudden blast of short duration.  A tempest may or may not be attended with rain, snow or hail.
 We, caught in a fiery tempest,shall be hurl'd
 Each on his rock transfix'd--
2.  A violent tumult or commotion; as a popular or political tempest; the tempest of war.
3.  Perturbation; violent agitation; as a tempest of the 
passions.
TEM'PEST, v.t.  To disturb as by a tempest of the passions.  [Little used.]


Topic: Tempestuous
Definition:
TEMPEST'UOUS, a.
1.  Very story; turbulent; rough with wind; as tempestuous weather; a tempestuous night.
2.  Blowing with violence; as a tempestuous wind.


Topic: Tempestuousness
Definition:
TEMPEST'UOUSNESS, n.  Storminess; the state of being tempestuous or disturbed by violent winds; as the tempestuousness of the winter or of weather.


Topic: Templar
Definition:
TEM'PLAR, n. [from the Temple, a  house near the Thames, which originally belonged to the knights Templars.  The latter took their denomination from an apartment of the palace of Baldwin II. in Jerusalem, near the temple.]
1.  A student of the law.
2.  Templars, knights of the Temple, a religious military order, first established at Jerusalem in favor of pilgrims traveling to the Holy Land.  The order originated with some persons who, in 1118, devoted themselves to the service of God, promising to live in perpetual chastity, obedience and poverty, after the manner of canons.  In 1228, this order was confirmed in the council of Troyes,and subjected to a rule of discipline.  It flourished, became immensely rich, and its members became so insolent and vicious, that the order was suppressed by the council of Vienne, in 1312.


Topic: Temple
Definition:
TEM'PLE, n. [L. templum.]
1.  A public edifice erected in honor of some deity.  Among pagans, a building erected to some pretended deity, and in which the people assembled to worship.  Originally, temples were open places, as the Stonehenge in England.  In Rome, some of the temples were open, and called sacella; others were roofed, and called oedes.  The most celebrated of the ancient pagan temples were that of Belus in Babylon, that of Vulcan at Memphis, that of Jupiter at Thebes, that of Diana at Ephesus, that of Apollo in Miletus,that of Jupiter Olympius in Athens, and that of Apollo at Delphi.  The most celebrated and magnificent temple erected to the true God, was that built by Solomon in Jerusalem.
 In Scripture, the tabernacle is sometimes called by this name.  1 Sam. 1-3.
2.  A church; an edifice erected among christians as a place of public worship.
 Can he whose life is a perpetual insult to the authority of God, enter with any  pleasure a temple consecrated to devotion and sanctified by prayer?
3.  A place in which the divine presence specially resides; the church as a collective body. Eph.2.
4.  In England,the Temples are two inns of court, thus called because anciently the dwellings of the knights Templars.  They are called the Inner and the Middle Temple.
TEM'PLE, n. [L. tempus, tempora.  The primary sense of the root of this word is to fall.  See Time.]
1.  Literally, the fall of the head; the part where the head slopes from the top.
2.  In anatomy, the anterior and lateral part of the head, where the skull is covered by the temporal muscles.
TEM'PLE, v.t.  To build a temple for; to appropriate a temple to.  [Little used.]


Topic: Temporal
Definition:
TEM'PORAL, a. [L. temporalis, from tempus, time.]
1.  Pertaining to this life or this world or the body only; secular; as temporal concerns; temporal affairs.  In this sense, it is opposed to spiritual.  Let not temporal affairs or employments divert the mind from spiritual concerns, which are far more important.
In this sense also it is opposed to ecclesiastical; as temporal power, that is, secular, civil or political power; temporal courts, those which take cognizance of civil suits.  Temporal jurisdiction is that which regards civil and political affairs.
2.  Measured or limited by time, or by this life or this state of things; having limited existence; opposed to eternal.
 The things which are seen are temporal, but the things which are not seen are eternal. 2 Cor.4.
3.  In grammar, relating to a tense; as a temporal augment.
4.  Pertaining to the temple or temples of the head; as the temporal bone; a temporal artery or vein; temporal muscle.


Topic: Temporals
Definition:
TEM'PORALS, n. Secular possessions; revenues of an ecclesiastic proceeding from lands, tenements, or lay-fees, tithes and the like. It is opposed to spiritualities.


Topic: Temporalty
Definition:
TEM'PORALTY, n.  The laity; secular people.  [Little used.]
1.  Secular possessions.  [See Temporalities.]


Topic: Temporary
Definition:
TEM'PORARY, a. [L. temporarius.]  Lasting for a time only; existing or continuing for a limited time; as, the patient has obtained temporary relief.  There is a temporary cessation of hostilities.  There is a temporary supply of provisions.  In times of great danger, Rome appointed a temporary dictator.


Topic: Temporize
Definition:
TEM'PORIZE, v.i. [L. tempus, time.]
1.  To comply with the time or occasion; to humor or yield to the current of opinion or to circumstances; a conduct that often indicates obsequiousness.
 They might their grievance inwardly complain,
 But outwardly they needs must temporize.
2.  To delay; to procrastinate.
 Well, you till temporize with the hours. [Little used.]
3.  To comply.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Temporizer
Definition:
TEM'PORIZER, n.  One who yields to the time, or complies with the prevailing opinions, fashions or occasions; a trimmer.


Topic: Temporizing
Definition:
TEM'PORIZING, ppr.  Complying with the time, or with the prevailing humors and opinions of men; time-serving.


Topic: Tempt
Definition:
TEMPT, v.t. [L. tento; teneo; Gr. the primary sense is to strain, urge, press.]
1.  To incite or solicit to an evil act; to entice to something wrong by presenting arguments that are plausible or convincing, or by the offer of some pleasure or apparent advantage as the inducement.
 My lady Gray tempts him to this harsh extremity.
 Every man is tempted, when he is drawn away by his own lust and enticed.  James 1.
2.  To provoke; to incite.
 Tempt not the brave and needy to despair.
3.  To solicit; to draw; without the notion of evil.
 Still his strength conceal'd,
 Which tempted our attempt, and wrought our fall.
4.  To try; to venture on; to attempt.
 E'er leave be giv'n to tempt the nether skies.
5.  In Scripture, to try; to prove; to put to trial for proof.
 God did tempt Abraham.  Gen.22.
 Ye shall not tempt the Lord your God. Deut.6.


Topic: Temptation
Definition:
TEMPTA'TION, n.  The act of tempting; enticement to evil by arguments, by flattery, or by the offer of some real or apparent good.
 When the devil had ended all the temptation, he departed from him for a season. Luke 4.
1.  Solicitation of the passions; enticements to evil proceeding from the prospect of pleasure or advantage.
2.  The state of being tempted or enticed to evil.  When by human weakness you are led into temptation, resort to prayer for relief.
3.  Trial.
 Lead us not into temptation.
4.  That which is presented to the mind as an inducement to evil.
 Dare to be great without a guilty crown,
 View it, and lay the bright temptation down.
5.  In colloquial language, an allurement to any thing indifferent, or even good.


Topic: Tempter
Definition:
TEMPT'ER, n.  One that solicits or entices to evil.
 Those who are bent to do wickedly, will never want tempters to urge them on.
1.  The great adversary of man; the devil. Matt.4.


Topic: Tempting
Definition:
TEMPT'ING, ppr.  Enticing to evil; trying.
1.  a. Adapted to entice or allure; attractive; as tempting pleasures.


Topic: Ten
Definition:
TEN, a. [L. decem.]
1.  Twice five; nine and one.
 With twice ten sail I cross'd the Phrygian sea.
2.  It is a kind of proverbial number.
 There's a proud modesty in merit,
 Averse to begging, and resolv'd to pay
 Ten times the gift it asks.
The meaning in this use is, a great deal more, indefinitely.


Topic: Tenable
Definition:
TEN'ABLE, a. [L. teneo, to hold.  See Tenant.]
That may be held, maintained or defended against an assailant, or against attempts to take it; as a tenable fortress.  The works were not deemed tenable.  The ground taken in the argument is not tenable.


Topic: Tenacious
Definition:
TENA'CIOUS, a. [L. tenax, from teneo, to hold.]
1.  Holding fast, or inclined to hold fast; inclined to retain what is in possession; as men tenacious of their just rights.  Men are usually tenacious of their opinions, as well as of their property.
2.  Retentive; apt to retain long what is committed to it; as a tenacious memory.
3.  Adhesive; apt to adhere to another substance; as oily, glutinous or viscous matter.  Few substances are to tenacious as tar.
4.  Niggardly; close fisted.


Topic: Tenaciously
Definition:
TENA'CIOUSLY, adv.  With a disposition to hold fast what is possessed.
1.  Adhesively.
2.  Obstinately; with firm adherence.


Topic: Tenaciousness
Definition:
TENA'CIOUSNESS, n.  The quality of holding fast; unwillingness to quit, resign or let go; as a man's tenaciousness of his rights or opinions.
2.  Adhesiveness; stickiness; as the tenaciousness of clay or glue.
3.  Retentiveness; as the tenaciousness of memory.


Topic: Tenacity
Definition:
TENAC'ITY, n. [L. tenacitas, from teneo, to hold.]
1.  Adhesiveness; that quality of bodies which makes them stick or adhere to others; glutinousness; stickiness; as the tenacity of oils, of glue, of tar, of starch and the like.
2.  That quality of bodies which keeps them from parting; without considerable force; cohesiveness; the effect of attraction; opposed to brittleness or fragility.


Topic: Tenail
Definition:
TENA'IL, n. [L. teneo, to hold.]  In fortification, an outwork consisting of two parallel sides with front, in which is a re-entering angle.  It is simple or double.


Topic: Tenaillon
Definition:
TEN'AILLON, n.  In fortification, tenaillons are works constructed on each side of the ravelins, like the lunets, but differing in this, that one of the faces of the tenaillon is in the direction of the ravelin, whereas that of the lunet is perpendicular to it.


Topic: Tenancy
Definition:
TEN'ANCY, n. [L. tenens.]  In law, a holding or possession of lands or tenements; tenure; as tenancy in fee simple; tenancy in tail; tenancy by the curtesy; tenancy at will.  Tenancy in common happens where there is a unity of possession merely.


Topic: Tenant
Definition:
TEN'ANT, n. [L. teneo; Gr. to strain, stretch, extend.]
1.  A person holding land or other real estate under another, either by grant, lease or at will; one who has the occupation or temporary possession of lands or tenements whose title is in another; as a tenant in tail; tenant in common; tenant by the curtesy; tenant in parcenary; tenant for life; tenant at will; tenant in dower.
2.  One who has possession of any place; a dweller.
 The happy tenant of your shade.
Tenant in capite, or tenant in chief, by the laws of England, is one who holds immediately of the king.  According to the feudal system, all lands in England are considered as held immediately or mediately of the king, who is stiled lord paramount.  Such tenants however are considered as having the fee of the lands and permanent possession.
TEN'ANT, v.t.  To hold or possess as a tenant.
 Sir Roger's estate is tenanted by persons who have served him or his ancestors.


Topic: Tenantry
Definition:
TEN'ANTRY, n.  The body of tenants; as the tenantry of a manor or a kingdom.
1.  Tenancy.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Tend
Definition:
TEND, v.t. [contracted from attend, L. attendo; ad and tendo, to stretch.]
1.  To watch; to guard; to accompany as an assistant or protector.
 And flaming ministers to watch and tend
 Their earthly charge--
 There is a pleasure in that simplicity, in beholding princes tending their flocks.
2.  To hold and take care of; as, to tend a child.
3.  To be attentive to.
 Unsuck'd of lamb or kid that tend their play.
TEND, v.t. [L. tendo; teneo.]
1.  To move in a certain direction.
 Having overheard two gentlemen tending towards that sight--
 Here Dardanus was born, and hither tends.
2.  To be directed to any end or purpose; to aim at; to have or give a leaning.
 The laws of our religion tend to the universal happiness of mankind.
3.  To contribute.  Our petitions, if granted, might tend to our destruction.
4.  [for attend.]  To attend; to wait as attendants or servants.
 He tends upon my father.  [Colloquial.]
5.  To attend as something inseparable.  [Not in use.]
6.  To wait; to expect.  [Not in use.]
7.  To swing round an anchor, as a ship.


Topic: Tendance
Definition:
TEND'ANCE, n.  Attendance; state of expectation.
1.  Persons attending.
2.  Act of waiting; attendance.
3.  Care; act of tending.
[This word is entirely obsolete in all its senses.  We now use attendance.]


Topic: Tendency
Definition:
TEND'ENCY, n. [from tend; L. tendens, tending.]  Drift; direction or course towards any place, object, effect or result.  Read such books only as have a good moral tendency.  Mild language has a tendency to allay irritation.
 Writings of this kind, if conducted with candor, have a more particular tendency to the good of their country.


Topic: Tender
Definition:
TEND'ER, n. [from tend.]  One that attends or takes care of; a nurse.
1.  A small vessel employed to attend a larger one for supplying her with provisions and other stores, or to convey intelligence and the like.
2.  In law, an offer, either of money to pay a debt, or of service to be performed, in order to save a penalty or forfeiture which would be incurred by non-payment or non-performance; as the tender of rent due, or of the amount of a note or bond with interest.  To constitute a legal tender, such money must be offered as the law prescribes; the offer of bank notes is not a legal tender.  So also the tender must be at the time and place where the rent or debt ought to be paid, and it must be to the full amount due.
 There is also a tender of issue in pleadings, a tender of an oath, &c.
3.  Any offer for acceptance.  The gentleman made me a tender of his services.
4.  The thing offered.  This money is not a legal tender.
5.  Regard; kind concern.  [Not in use.]
TEND'ER, v.t. [L. tendo.]
1.  To offer in words; or to exhibit or present for acceptance.
 All conditions, all minds tender down
 Their service to lord Timon.
2.  To hold; to esteem.
 Tender yourself more dearly.  [Not in use.]
3.  To offer in payment or satisfaction of a demand, for saving a penalty or forfeiture; as, to tender the amount of rent or debt.


Topic: Tender-hearted
Definition:
TEN'DER-HE`ARTED, a. [tender and heart.]
1.  Having great sensibility; susceptible of impressions or influence.
 --When Rehoboam was young and tenderhearted, and could not withstand them. 2 Chron. 13.
2.  Very susceptible of the softer passions of love, pity or kindness.
 Be ye kind one to another, and tender-hearted. Eph.9.


Topic: Tenderly
Definition:
TEN'DERLY, adv.  With tenderness; mildly; gently; softly; in a manner not to injure or give pain.
 Brutus tenderly reproves.
1.  Kindly; with pity or affection.


Topic: Tenderness
Definition:
TEN'DERNESS, n.  The state of being tender or easily broken, bruised or injured; softness; brittleness; as the tenderness of a thread; the tenderness of flesh.
1.  The state of being easily hurt; soreness; as the tenderness of flesh when bruised or inflamed.
2.  Susceptibility of the softer passions; sensibility.
 Well we know your tenderness of heart.
3.  Kind attention; anxiety for the good of another, or to save him from pain.
4.  Scrupulousness; caution; extreme care or concern not to give or to commit offense; as tenderness of conscience.
5.  Cautious care to preserve or not to injure; as a tenderness of reputation.
6.  Softness of expression; pathos.


Topic: Tending
Definition:
TEND'ING, ppr.  Having a certain direction; taking care of.
TEND'ING,  n.  In seaman's language, a swinging round or movement of a ship upon her anchor.


Topic: Tendinous
Definition:
TEN'DINOUS, a. [L. tendines, tendons, from tendo, to stretch.]
1.  Pertaining to a tendon; partaking of the nature of tendons.
2.  Full of tendons; sinewy; as nervous and tendinous parts.


Topic: Tendon
Definition:
TEN'DON, n. [L. tendo; teneo, tendo.]  In anatomy, a hard insensible cord or bundle of fibers, by which a muscle is attached to a bone.


Topic: Tendril
Definition:
TEN'DRIL, n.  A clasp or clasper of a vine or other climbing or creeping plant; a filiform spiral shoot, that winds round another body.  Tendrils or claspers are given to plants that have weak stalks.
 They are also given to creeping vines, which require support on the earth.
TEN'DRIL, a.  Clasping; climbing; as a tendril.


Topic: Tenemental
Definition:
TENEMENT'AL, a.  Pertaining to tenanted lands; that is or may be held by tenants.
 Tenemental lands they distributed among their tenants.


Topic: Tenesmus
Definition:
TENES'MUS, n. [L. literally a straining or stretching.]
A painful, ineffectual and repeated effort, or a continual and urgent desire to go to stool.


Topic: Tenet
Definition:
TEN'ET, n. [L. tenet, he holds.]  Any opinion, principle, dogma or doctrine which a person believes or maintains as true; as the tenets of Plato or of Cicero.  The tenets of christians are adopted from the Scriptures; but different interpretations give rise to a great diversity of tenets.


Topic: Tennantite
Definition:
TEN'NANTITE, n. [from Tennant.]  A subspecies of gray copper; a mineral of a lead color, or iron black, massive or crystallized, found in Cornwall, England.


Topic: Tennis
Definition:
TEN'NIS, n. A play in which a ball is driven continually or kept in motion by rackets.
TEN'NIS, v.t.  To drive a ball.


Topic: Tenon
Definition:
TEN'ON, n. [L. teneo, to hold.]  In building and cabinet work, the end of a piece of timber, which is fitted to a mortise for insertion, or inserted, for fastening two pieces of timber together.  The form of a tenon is various, as square, dovetailed, &c.


Topic: Tenor
Definition:
TEN'OR, n. [L. tenor, from teneo, to hold.]
1.  Continued run or currency; whole course or strain.  We understand a speaker's intention or views from the tenor of his conversation, that is, from the general course of his ideas, or general purport of his speech.
 Does not the whole tenor of the divine law positively require humility and meekness to all men?
2.  Stamp; character.  The conversation was of the same tenor as that of the preceding day.
 This success would look like chance, if it were not perpetual and always of the same tenor.
3.  Sense contained; purport; substance; general course or drift; as close attention to the tenor of the discourse.  Warrants are to be executed according to their form and tenor.
 Bid me tear the bond.
 --When it is paid according to the tenor.
4.  In music, the natural pitch of a man's voice in singing; hence, the part of a tune adapted to a man's voice, the second of the four parts, reckoning from the base; and originally the air, to which the other parts were auxiliary.
5.  The persons who sing the tenor, or the instrument that plays it.


Topic: Tense
Definition:
TENSE, a. tens. [L. tensus, from tendo, to stretch.]  Stretched; strained to stiffness; rigid; not lax; as a tense fiber.
 For the free passage of the sound into the ear, it is requisite that the tympanum be tense.
TENSE, n. tens. [L. tempus.]  In grammar, time, or a particular form of a verb, or a combination of words, used to express the time of action, or of that which is affirmed; or tense is an inflection of verbs by which they are made to signify or distinguish the time of actions or events.
The primary simple tenses are three; those which express time past, present, and future; but these admit of modifications, which differ in different languages.  The English language is rich in tenses, beyond any other language in Europe.


Topic: Tenseness
Definition:
TENSENESS, n. tens'ness.  The state of being tense or stretched to stiffness; stiffness; opposed to laxness; as the tenseness of a string or fiber; tenseness of the skin.


Topic: Tension
Definition:
TEN'SION, n. [L. tensio, tendo.]
1.  The act of stretching or straining; as the tension of the muscles.
2.  The state of being stretched or strained to stiffness; or the state of being bent or strained; as, different degrees of tension in chords give different sounds; the greater the tension, the more acute the sound.
3.  Distension.


Topic: Tent
Definition:
TENT, n. [L. tentorium, from tendo, to stretch.]
1.  A pavilion or portable lodge consisting of canvas or other coarse cloth, stretched and sustained by poles; used for sheltering persons from the weather, particularly soldiers in camp.  The wandering Arabs and Tartars lodge in tents.  The Israelites lodged in tents forty years, while they were in the desert.
2.  In surgery, a roll of lint or linen, used to dilate an opening in the flesh, or to prevent the healing of an opening from which matter or other fluid is discharged.
TENT, n.  [L. tinctus.]  A kind of wine of a deep red color, chiefly from Galicia or Malaga in Spain.
TENT, v.i.  To lodge as in a tent; to tabernacle.
TENT, v.t.  To probe; to search as with a tent; as, to tent a wound.
 I'll tent him to the quick.
1.  To keep open with a tent.


Topic: Tentacle
Definition:
TEN'TACLE, n. [L. tentacula.]  A filiform process or organ, simple or branched, on the bodies of various animals of the Linnean class Vermes, and of Cuvier's Mollusca, Annelides, Echinodermata, Actinia, Medusae, Polypi, &c. either an organ of feeling, prehension or motion, sometimes round the mouth, sometimes on other parts of the body.


Topic: Tented
Definition:
TENT'ED, a.  Covered or furnished with tents; as soldiers.
1.  Covered with tents; as a tented field.


Topic: Tenter
Definition:
TENT'ER, n. [L. tendo, tentus, to stretch.]
A hook for stretching cloth on a frame.
To be on the tenters, to be on the stretch; to be in distress, uneasiness or suspense.
TENT'ER, v.t.  To hang or stretch on tenters.
TENT'ER, v.i.  To admit extension.
 Woolen cloths will tenter.


Topic: Tenth
Definition:
TENTH, a. [from ten.]  The ordinal of ten; the first after the ninth.
TENTH, n.  The tenth part.
1.  Tithe; the tenth part of annual produce or increase.  The tenth of income is payable to the clergy in England, as it was to the priests among the Israelites.
2.  In music, the octave of the third; an interval comprehending nine conjoint degrees, or ten sounds, diatonically divided.


Topic: Tenuity
Definition:
TENU'ITY, n. [L. tenuitas, from tenuis, thin.  See Thin.]
1.  Thinness, smallness in diameter; exility; thinness, applied to a broad substance, and slenderness, applied to one that is long; as the tenuity of paper or of a leaf; the tenuity of a hair or filament.
2. Rarity; rareness; thinness; as of a fluid; as the tenuity of the air in the higher regions of the atmosphere; the tenuity of the blood.
3.  Poverty.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Tenure
Definition:
TEN'URE, n. [L. teneo, to hold.]
1.  A holding.  In English law, the manner of holding lands and tenements of a superior.  All the species of ancient tenures may be reduced to four, three of which subsist to this day.  1. Tenure by knight service, which was the most honorable.  This is now abolished.  2. Tenure in free socage, or by a certain and determinate service, which is either free and honorable, or villain and base.  3.  Tenure by copy of court roll, or copyhold tenure.  4. Tenure in ancient demain.  There was also tenure in frankalmoign, or free alms.  The tenure in free and common socage has absorbed most of the others.
In the United States, almost all lands are held in fee simple; not of a superior, but the whole right and title to the property being vested in the owner.
Tenure in general, then, is the particular manner of holding real estate, as by exclusive title or ownership, by fee simple, by fee tail, by curtesy, in dower, by copyhold, by lease, at will, &c.
2.  The consideration, condition or service which the occupier of land gives to his lord or superior for the use of his land.
3.  Manner of holding in general.  In absolute governments, men hold their rights by a precarious tenure.


Topic: Tepefaction
Definition:
TEPEFAC'TION, n. [L. tepefacio; tepidus, warm, and facio,to make.]
The act or operation of warming, making tepid or moderately warm.


Topic: Tepid
Definition:
TEP'ID, a. [L. tepidus, form tepeo, to be warm.]
Moderately warm; lukewarm; as a tepid bath; tepid rays; tepid vapors.
Tepid mineral waters, are such as have less sensible cold than common water.


Topic: Teratology
Definition:
TERATOL'OGY, n. [Gr. a prodigy, and discourse.]
Bombast in language; affectation of sublimity.  [Not used.]


Topic: Terebinthine
Definition:
TEREBIN'THINE, a. [L. terebinthinus, from terebinthina, turpentine.]   Pertaining to turpentine; consisting of turpentine, or partaking of its qualities.


Topic: Teredo
Definition:
TERE'DO, n. [L. from tero, to wear.]  A worm that bores and penetrates the bottom of ships; or rather a genus of worms, so called.


Topic: Tergifetous
Definition:
TERGIF'ETOUS, a.  Tergifetous plants, are such as bear their seeds on the back of their leaves, as ferns.


Topic: Tergiversate
Definition:
TER'GIVERSATE, v.i. [L. tergum, the back, and verto, to turn.]
To shift; to practice evasion.  [Little used.]


Topic: Tergiversation
Definition:
TERGIVERSA'TION, n.  A shifting; shift; subterfuge; evasion.
 Writing is to be preferred before verbal conferences, as being more free from passion and tergiversation.
1.  Change; fickleness of conduct.
 The colonel, after all his tergiversation, lost his life in the king's service.


Topic: Term
Definition:
TERM, n. [L. terminus, a limit or boundary.]
1.  A limit; a bound or boundary; the extremity of any thing; that which limits its extent.
 Corruption is a reciprocal to generation, and they two are as nature's two terms or boundaries.
2.  The time for which any thing lasts; any limited time; as the term of five years; the term of life.
3.  In geometry, a point or line that limits.  A line is the term of a superficies, and a superficies is the term of a solid.
4.  In law, the limitation of an estate; or rather the whole time or duration of an estate; as a lease for the term of life, for the term of three lives, for the term of twenty one years.
5.  In law, the time in which a court is held or open for the trial of causes.  In England,there are four terms in the year; Hilary term, from January 23d to February 12th; Easter term, from Wednesday, fortnight after Easter, to the Monday next after Ascension day; Trinity term, from Friday next after Trinity Sunday to the Wednesday, fortnight after; and Michaelmas term, from November 6th to the 28th.  These terms are observed by the courts of king's bench, the common pleas and exchequer, but not by the parliament, the chancery or by inferior courts.  The rest of the year is called vacation.  In the United States, the terms to be observed by the tribunals of justice, are prescribed by the statutes of congress and of the several states.
6.  In universities and colleges, the time during which instruction is regularly given to students, who are obliged by the statutes and laws of the institution to attend to the recitations, lectures and other exercises.
7.  In grammar, a word or expression; that which fixes or determines ideas.
 In painting, the greatest beauties cannot be always expressed for want of terms.
8.  In the arts, a word or expression that denotes something peculiar to an art; as a technical term.
9.  In logic, a syllogism consists of three terms, the major, the minor, and the middle. The predicate of the conclusion is called the major term, because it is the most general, and the subject of the conclusion is called the minor term, because it is less general.  These are called the extremes; and the third term, introduced as a common measure between them, is called the mean or middle term.  Thus in the following syllogism.
 Every vegetable is combustible;
 Every tree is vegetable;
 Therefore every tree is combustible.
Combustible is the predicate of the conclusion, or the major term; every tree is the minor term; vegetable is the middle term.
    10. In architecture, a kind of statues or columns adorned on the top with the figure of a head, either of a man, woman or satyr. Terms are sometimes used as consoles, and sustain entablatures; and sometimes as statues to adorn gardens.
    11. Among the ancients, terms, termini miliares, were the heads of certain divinities placed on square land-marks of stone, to mark the several stadia on roads. These were dedicated to Mercury, who was supposed to preside over highways.
    12. In algebra, a member of a compound quantity; as a, in a+b; or ab, in ab+cd.
    13. Among physicians, the monthly courses of females are called terms.
    14. In contracts, terms, in the plural, are conditions; propositions stated or promises made, which when assented to or accepted by another, settle the contract and bind the parties. A engages to build a house for B for a specific sum of money, in a given time; these are his terms. When B promises to give to A that sum for building the house, he has agreed to the terms; the contract is completed and binding upon both parties.
Terms of proportion, in mathematics, are such numbers, letters or quantities as are compared one with another.
To make terms, to come to an agreement.
To come to terms, to agree; to come to an agreement.
To bring to terms, to reduce to submission or to conditions.
TERM, v.t.  To name; to call; to denominate.
 Men term what is beyond the limits of the universe, imaginary space.


Topic: Termagant
Definition:
TER'MAGANT, a.  Tumultuous; turbulent; boisterous or furious; quarrelsome; scolding.
 The eldest was a termagant, imperious, prodigal, profligate wench.
TER'MAGANT, n.  A boisterous, brawling, turbulent woman.  It seems in Shakespeare to have been used of men.  In ancient farces and puppet-shows, termagant was a vociferous, tumultuous deity.
 She threw his periwig into the fire.  Well, said he, thou are a brave termagant.
 The sprites of fiery termagants in flame--


Topic: Terminal
Definition:
TERM'INAL, a. [from L. terminus.]  In botany, growing at the end of a branch or stem; terminating; as a terminal scape, flower or spike.
1.  Forming the extremity; as a terminal edge.


Topic: Terminate
Definition:
TERM'INATE, v.t. [termino; terminus.]
1.  To bound; to limit; to set the extreme point or side of a thing; as, to terminate a surface by a line.
2.  To end; to put an end to; as, to terminate a controversy.
TERM'INATE, v.i.  To be limited; to end; to come to the furthest point in space; as, a line terminates at the equator; the torrid zone terminates at the tropics.
1.  To end; to close; to come to a limit in time.  The session of congress, every second year, must terminate on the third of March.
 The wisdom of this world, its designs and efficacy, terminate on this side heaven.


Topic: Termination
Definition:
TERMINA'TION, n.  The act of limiting or setting bounds; the act of ending or concluding.
1.  Bound; limit in space or extent; as the termination of a line.
2.  End in time or existence; as the termination of the year or of life; the termination of happiness.
3.  In grammar, the end or ending of a word; the syllable or letter that ends a word.  Words have different terminations to express number, time and sex.
4.  End; conclusion; result.
5.  Last purpose.
6.  Word; term.  [Not in use.]


Topic: Terminator
Definition:
TERM'INATOR, n.  In astronomy, a name sometimes given to the circle of illumination, form its property of terminating the boundaries of light and darkness.


Topic: Terminist
Definition:
TERM'INIST, n.  In ecclesiastical history, a sect of christians who maintain that God has fixed a certain term for the probation of particular persons, during which time they have the offer of grace, but after which God no longer wills their salvation.


Topic: Terminology
Definition:
TERMINOL'OGY, n. [L. terminus.]  The doctrine of terms; a treatise on terms.
1.  In natural history, that branch of the science which explains all the terms used in the description of natural objects.


Topic: Terminthus
Definition:
TERMIN'THUS, n. [Gr. a pine nut.]  In surgery, a large painful tumor on the skin, thought to resemble a pine nut.


Topic: Termly
Definition:
TERM'LY, a.  Occurring every term; as a termly fee.
TERM'LY, adv.  Term by term; every term; as a fee termly given.


Topic: Tern
Definition:
TERN, n. [L. sterna.]  A common name of certain aquatic fowls of the genus Sterna; as the great tern or sea swallow, (S. hirundo,)
the black tern, the lesser tern, or hooded tern, and the foolish tern, or noddy, (S. stolida.)  The brown tern, or brown gull, (S. obscura,) is considered as the young of the pewit gull or sea-crow, before molting.
TERN, a. [L. ternus.]  Threefold; consisting of three.
Tern leaves, in threes, or three by three; expressing the number of leaves in each whorl or set.
Tern peduncles, three growing together from the same axil.
Tern flowers, growing three and three together.


Topic: Ternary
Definition:
TERN'ARY, a. [L. ternarius, of three.]  Proceeding by threes; consisting of three.
The ternary number, in antiquity, was esteemed a symbol of perfection and held in great veneration.
TERN'ARY


Topic: Ternate
Definition:
TERN'ATE, a. [L. ternus, terni.]  In botany, a ternate leaf, is one that has three leaflets on a petiole, as in trefoil, strawberry, bramble, &c.  There are leaves also biternate and triternate, having three ternate or three biternate leaflets.
These leaves must not be confounded with folia terna, which are leaves that grow three together in a whorl, on a stem or branch.
Ternate bat, a species of bat of a large kind, found in the isle Ternate, and other East India isles.  [See Vampyre.]
Terra Japonica, catechu, so called.
Terra Lemnia, a species of red bolar earth.
Terra ponderosa, baryte; heavy spar.
Sienna, a brown bole or ocher from Sienna in Italy.


Topic: Terrace
Definition:
TER'RACE, n. [L. terra, the earth.]
1.  In gardening, a raised bank of earth with sloping sides, laid with turf, and graveled on the top for a walk.
2.  A balcony or open gallery.
3.  The flat roof of a  house.  All the buildings of the oriental nations are covered with terraces, where people walk or sleep.
TER'RACE, v.t.  To form in to a terrace.
1.  To open to the air and light.


Topic: Terraqueous
Definition:
TERRA'QUEOUS, a. [L. terra, earth, and aqua, water.]  Consisting of land and water, as the globe or earth.  This epithet is given to the earth in regard to the surface, of which more than three fifths consist of water, and the remainder of earth or solid materials.


Topic: Terre-plain
Definition:
TERRE-PLAIN, n.  In fortification, the top, platform or horizontal surface of a rampart, on which the cannon are placed.


Topic: Terrel
Definition:
TER'REL, n. [from terra.]  Little earth, a magnet of a just spherical figure, and so placed that its poles, equator, &c. correspond exactly to those of the world.


Topic: Terrene
Definition:
TERRE'NE, a. [L. terrenus, form terra.
1.  Pertaining to the earth; earthy; as terrene substance.
2.  Earthly; terrestrial.
 God set before him a mortal and immortal life, a nature celestial and terrene.


Topic: Terreous
Definition:
TER'REOUS, a. [L. terreus, from terra, earth.]  Earthy; consisting of earth; as terreous substances; terreous particles.


Topic: Terrestrial
Definition:
TERRES'TRIAL, a. [L. terrestris, from terra, the earth.]
1.  Pertaining to the earth; existing on the earth; as terrestrial animals; bodies terrestrial. 1 Cor.15.
2.  Consisting of earth; as the terrestrial globe.
3.  Pertaining to the world, or to the present state; sublunary.  Death puts and end to all terrestrial scenes.


Topic: Terrestrious
Definition:
TERRES'TRIOUS, a.  Earthy.  [Little used.]
1.  Pertaining to the earth; being or living on the earth; terrestrial.


Topic: Terrible
Definition:
TER'RIBLE, a. [L. terribilis, from terreo, to frighten.]
1.  Frightful; adapted to excite terror; dreadful; formidable.
 Prudent in peace, and terrible in war.
The form of the image was terrible.  Dan.2.
2.  Adapted to impress dread, terror or solemn awe and reverence.
The Lord thy God is among you, a mighty God and terrible. Deut.7.
 Let them praise thy great and terrible name, for it is holy.  Ps.99.
 He hath done for thee these great and terrible things, which thine eyes have seen.  Deut.10.
3.  adv. Severely; very; so as to give pain; as terrible cold; a colloquial phrase.


Topic: Terribleness
Definition:
TER'RIBLENESS, n.  Dreadfulness; formidableness; the quality or state of being terrible; as the terribleness of a sight.


Topic: Terribly
Definition:
TER'RIBLY, adv.  Dreadfully; in a manner to excite terror or fright.
 When he ariseth to shake terribly the earth. Is.2.
1.  Violently; very greatly.
 The poor man squalled terribly.


Topic: Terrier
Definition:
TER'RIER, n.  A dog or little hound, that creeps into the ground after animals that burrow.
1.  A lodge or hole where certain animals, as foxes, rabbits, badgers and the like, secure themselves.
2.  Originally, a collection of acknowledgments of the vassals or tenants of a lordship, containing the rents and services they owed to the lord, &c.; at present, a book or roll in which the lands of private persons or corporations are described by their site, boundaries, number of acres, &c.
3.  A wimble, auger or borer. [L. tero.]


Topic: Terrific
Definition:
TERRIF'IC, a. [L. terrifieus, from terreo, terror, and facio.]
Dreadful; causing terror; adapted to excite great fear or dread; as a terrific form; terrific sight.


Topic: Terrify
Definition:
TER'RIFY, v.t. [L. terror and facio, to make.]  
To frighten; to alarm or shock with fear.
 They were terrified and affrighted.  Luke 24.
 When ye shall hear of wars and commotions, be not terrified. Luke 21. Job.7.


Topic: Terrigenous
Definition:
TERRIG'ENOUS, a. [L. terrigena, one born of the earth; terra and gigno.]   Earthborn; produced by the earth.


Topic: Territorial
Definition:
TERRITO'RIAL, a. [from territory.]  Pertaining to territory or land; as territorial limits; territorial jurisdiction.
1.  Limited to a certain district.  Rights may be personal or territorial.


Topic: Territory
Definition:
TER'RITORY, n. [L. territorium, from terra, earth.]
1.  The extent or compass of land within the bounds or belonging to the jurisdiction of any state, city or other body.
 Linger not in my territories.
 They erected a house within their own territory.
 Arts and sciences took their rise and flourished only in those small territories where the people were free.
2.  A tract of land belonging to and under the dominion of a prince or state, lying at a distance from the parent country or from the seat of government; as the territories of the East India Company; the territories of the United States; the territory of Michigan; Northwest Territory.  These districts of country, when received into the union and acknowledged to be states, lose the appellation of territory.


Topic: Terror
Definition:
TER'ROR, n. [L. terror, from terreo, to frighten.]
1.  Extreme fear; violent dread; fright; fear that agitates the body and mind.
 The sword without, and terror within. Deut.32.
 The terrors of God do set themselves in array against me. Job.6.
2.  That which may excite dread; the cause of extreme fear.
 Rulers are not a terror to good works, but to the evil. Rom.13.
 Those enormous terrors of the Nile.
3.  In Scripture, the sudden judgments of God are called terrors.Ps.73.
4.  The threatenings of wicked men, or evil apprehended from them. 1 Pet.3.
5.  Awful majesty, calculated to impress fear. 2 Cor.5.
6.  Death is emphatically styled the king of terrors.


Topic: Terse
Definition:
TERSE, a. ters. [L. tersus, from tergo, to wipe.]
Cleanly written; neat; elegant without pompousness; as terse language; a terse style.
 Diffus'd,yet terse, poetical,though plain.


Topic: Tertian
Definition:
TER'TIAN,a. [L. tertianus, from tertius, third.] 
Occurring every other day; as a tertian fever.
TER'TIAN, n. A disease or fever whose paroxysms return every other day; an intermittent occurring after intervals of about forty eight hours.
1.  A measure of 84 gallons, the third part of a tun.


Topic: Tertiary
Definition:
TER'TIARY, a.  Third; of the third formation.  Tertiary mountains are such as result from the ruins of other mountains promiscuously heaped together.
Tertiary formation, in geology, a series of horizontal strata, more recent than chalk beds, consisting chiefly of sand and clay,and frequently embracing vast quantities of organic remains of the larger animals.  It comprehends the alluvial formation, which embraces those deposits only which have resulted from causes still in operation; and the diluvial formation, which is constituted of such deposits as are supposed to have been produced by the deluge.


